Pesquisa | SciELO

Hematological problems are associated with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Respiratory impairment is the higher point studied, although without experimental studies related to the oxygen transport performed by erythrocytes. Therefore, we decided to investigate if erythrocytes from COVID-19 patients have their functionality changed. The case-control study included hospitalized patients with a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result admitted to University Hospital. Volunteers (negative RT-PCR results) were recruited as a control group. Thus, we assessed different erythrocytes parameters, oxidative stress markers, and biophysical studies using whole blood and isolated hemoglobin. We found a decrease of 51% in oxygen uptake and reduced antioxidant enzyme activity in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. Raman spectrometry showed structural changes in the hemoglobin and lipids of the erythrocytes from COVID-19 patients; thus, these results were consolidated with an increase in Young’s modulus in erythrocytes followed by morphology changes. Besides, isolated hemoglobin from COVID-19 patients has a distinct interaction profile using a ligand model compared to the control. COVID-19 leads to structural, functional, and morphological damage to human erythrocytes. Our data showed structural and molecular changes and induction of oxidative stress in erythrocytes by COVID-19, a new perspective on the contribution of erythrocytes to a respiratory commitment in COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230031

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volume 40 elocation e23026

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Emotional, hyperactivity and inattention problems in adolescents with immunocompromising chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Campos, Reinan T.

; Lindoso, Livia

; Sousa, Renan A. de

; Helito, Alberto C.

; Ihara, Bianca P.

; Strabelli, Claudia A.A.

; Paradelas, Levi M.V.

; Carneiro, Beatriz O.L.

; Cardoso, Maria Paula R.

; Souza, Jean Paulo V. de

; Freire, Marianna R. de M.

; Astley, Camilla

; Laurentino, Moisés F.

; Buscatti, Izabel M.

; Kozu, Katia

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Sallum, Adriana M.E.

; Ferreira, Juliana CO.

; Simon, Juliana R.

; Viana, Vivianne S.L.

; Queiroz, Ligia B.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Watanabe, Andréia

; Grangeiro, Patricia M.

; Casella, Caio B.

; Farhat, Sylvia C.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Campos, Lucia Maria A.

; Silva, Clovis A.

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100167

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To assess factors associated with emotional changes and Hyperactivity/Inattention (HI) motivated by COVID-19 quarantine in adolescents with immunocompromising diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 343 adolescents with immunocompromising diseases and 108 healthy adolescents. Online questionnaires were answered including socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and validated surveys: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0). Results: The frequencies of abnormal emotional SDQ scores from adolescents with chronic diseases were similar to those of healthy subjects (110/343 [32%] vs. 38/108 [35%], p = 0.548), as well as abnormal hyperactivity/inattention SDQ scores (79/343 [23%] vs. 29/108 [27%], p = 0.417). Logistic regression analysis of independent variables associated with abnormal emotional scores from adolescents with chronic diseases showed: female sex (Odds Ratio [OR = 3.76]; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 2.00–7.05; p < 0.001), poor sleep quality (OR = 2.05; 95% CI 1.08–3.88; p = 0.028) and intrafamilial violence during pandemic (OR = 2.17; 95% CI 1.12–4.19; p = 0.021) as independently associated with abnormal emotional scores, whereas total PedsQL score was inversely associated with abnormal emotional scores (OR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.93–0.96; p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis associated with abnormal HI scores from patients evidenced that total PedsQL score (OR = 0.97; 95% CI 0.95–0.99; p = 0.010], changes in medical appointments during the pandemic (OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.19–0.79; p = 0.021), and reliable COVID-19 information (OR = 0.35; 95% CI 0.16–0.77; p = 0.026) remained inversely associated with abnormal HI scores. Conclusion: The present study showed emotional and HI disturbances in adolescents with chronic immunosuppressive diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. It reinforces the need to promptly implement a longitudinal program to protect the mental health of adolescents with and without chronic illnesses during future pandemics.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100167

ANAEROBIC CO-DIGESTION OF SWINE AND LAYING HEN WASTE FOR BIOGAS GENERATION AND DIGESTATE QUALITY
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Pereira, Flávia E. de A.

; Rosa, André P.

; Borges, Eduardo S. M.

; Otenio, Marcelo H.

; Souza, Letícia D. de

; Nascimento, Juliana E. L. do

; Borges, Alisson C.

Engenharia Agrícola

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2023, Volume 43 Nº spe elocation e20220124

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Anaerobic digestion (AD) stands out as a degradation pathway for the treatment of agro-industrial waste. This study aimed to evaluate the biogas production (Pb) from the co-digestion of swine (SW) and laying hen waste (LHW) under different temperature conditions (psychrophilic x mesophilic). The studies were carried out on a laboratory scale in anaerobic reactors (1.25 L) in a batch system for 60 days. Three mixtures in volumetric proportions (%) of 25/75 (P1), 50/50 (P2), and 75/25 (P3) (SW/LHW) were studied. The mixtures were characterized before and after AD in terms of TS, VS, and COD under temperatures of 18 and 36 °C, with Pb measured daily. Pb was higher at 36 °C for all mixtures compared to the psychrophilic condition (18 °C). Among the mixtures, the highest Pb value was observed for P3, reaching 0.34 and 0.60 m3 biogas kg−1 CODremoved for 18 and 36 °C, respectively. The digestate showed an increase in the contents of micro-and macronutrients for P1, P2, and P3 after AD, which indicates its use for agricultural purposes. The co-digestion of swine and laying hen waste is a promising proposal in terms of management and energy recovery of biogas, especially for mesophilic conditions in mixtures with a predominance of laying hen waste.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v43nepe20220124/2023

Prediction of intensive care admission and hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients using demographics and baseline laboratory data
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Avelino-Silva, Vivian I.

; Avelino-Silva, Thiago J.

; Aliberti, Marlon J.R.

; Ferreira, Juliana C.

; Cobello Junior, Vilson

; Silva, Katia R.

; Pompeu, Jose E.

; Antonangelo, Leila

; Magri, Marcello M.

; Barros Filho, Tarcisio E.P.

; Souza, Heraldo P.

; Kallás, Esper G.

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100183

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: Optimized allocation of medical resources to patients with COVID-19 has been a critical concern since the onset of the pandemic. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the authors used data from a Brazilian tertiary university hospital to explore predictors of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and hospital mortality in patients admitted for COVID-19. Our primary aim was to create and validate prediction scores for use in hospitals and emergency departments to aid clinical decisions and resource allocation. Results: The study cohort included 3,022 participants, of whom 2,485 were admitted to the ICU; 1968 survived, and 1054 died in the hospital. From the complete cohort, 1,496 patients were randomly assigned to the derivation sample and 1,526 to the validation sample. The final scores included age, comorbidities, and baseline laboratory data. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were very similar for the derivation and validation samples. Scores for ICU admission had a 75% accuracy in the validation sample, whereas scores for death had a 77% accuracy in the validation sample. The authors found that including baseline flu-like symptoms in the scores added no significant benefit to their accuracy. Furthermore, our scores were more accurate than the previously published NEWS-2 and 4C Mortality Scores. Discussion and conclusions: The authors developed and validated prognostic scores that use readily available clinical and laboratory information to predict ICU admission and mortality in COVID-19. These scores can become valuable tools to support clinical decisions and improve the allocation of limited health resources.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100183

Sintomas Cardiopulmonares Pós-COVID-19: Preditores e Características de Imagem de Pacientes após a Alta Hospitalar
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Roberto, Kalil-Filho

; Saretta, Roberta

; Franci, André

; Baracioli, Luciano M.

; Galas, Filomena R. B. G.

; Gil, Juliana S.

; Ferino, Amanda

; Giacovone, Camilla

; Oliveira, Isabella

; Souza, Johnatan

; Batista, Vanessa

; Scalabrini Neto, Augusto

; Costa, Livia do Valle

; Ruiz, Amanda Danieleto

; Ledo, Carla B.

; Nascimento, Teresa Cristina D. C.

; Drager, Luciano F.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2023, Volume 120 Nº 5 elocation e20220642

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background Most of the evidence about the impact of the post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome (PACS) reports individual symptoms without correlations with related imaging. Objectives To evaluate cardiopulmonary symptoms, their predictors and related images in COVID-19 patients discharged from hospital. Methods Consecutive patients who survived COVID-19 were contacted 90 days after discharge. The Clinic Outcome Team structured a questionnaire evaluating symptoms and clinical status (blinded for hospitalization data). A multivariate analysis was performed to address the course of COVID-19, comorbidities, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress during hospitalization, and cardiac rehabilitation after discharge. The significance level was set at 5%. Results A total of 480 discharged patients with COVID-19 (age: 59±14 years, 67.5% males) were included; 22.3% required mechanical ventilation. The prevalence of patients with PACS-related cardiopulmonary symptoms (dyspnea, tiredness/fatigue, cough, and chest discomfort) was 16.3%. Several parameters of chest computed tomography and echocardiogram were similar in patients with and without cardiopulmonary symptoms. The multivariate analysis showed that PACS-related cardiopulmonary-symptoms were independently related to female sex (OR 3.023; 95% CI 1.319-6.929), in-hospital deep venous thrombosis (OR 13.689; 95% CI 1.069-175.304), elevated troponin I (OR 1.355; 95% CI 1.048-1.751) and C-reactive protein during hospitalization (OR 1.060; 95% CI 1.023-1.097) and depression (OR 6.110; 95% CI 2.254-16.558). Conclusion PACS-related cardiopulmonary symptoms 90 days post-discharge are common and multifactorial. Beyond thrombotic and markers of inflammation/myocardial injury during hospitalization, female sex and depression were independently associated with cardiopulmonary-related PACS. These results highlighted the need for a multifaceted approach targeting susceptible patients.

Resumo Fundamento A maioria da evidência sobre o impacto da síndrome COVID pós-aguda (PACS, do inglês, post-acute COVID-19 syndrome) descreve sintomas individuais sem correlacioná-los com exames de imagens. Objetivos Avaliar sintomas cardiopulmonares, seus preditores e imagens relacionadas em pacientes com COVID-19 após alta hospitalar. Métodos Pacientes consecutivos, que sobreviveram à COVID-19, foram contatados 90 dias após a alta hospitalar. A equipe de desfechos clínicos (cega quanto aos dados durante a internação) elaborou um questionário estruturado avaliando sintomas e estado clínico. Uma análise multivariada foi realizada abordando a evolução da COVID-19, comorbidades, ansiedade, depressão, e estresse pós-traumático durante a internação, e reabilitação cardíaca após a alta. O nível de significância usado nas análises foi de 5%. Resultados Foram incluídos 480 pacientes (idade 59±14 anos, 67,5% do sexo masculino) que receberam alta hospitalar por COVID-19; 22,3% necessitaram de ventilação mecânica. A prevalência de pacientes com sintomas cardiopulmonares relacionados à PACS (dispneia, cansaço/fadiga, tosse e desconforto no peito) foi de 16,3%. Vários parâmetros de tomografia computadorizada do tórax e de ecocardiograma foram similares entre os pacientes com e sem sintomas cardiopulmonares. A análise multivariada mostrou que sintomas cardiopulmonares foram relacionados de maneira independente com sexo feminino (OR 3,023; IC95% 1,319-6,929), trombose venosa profunda durante a internação (OR 13,689; IC95% 1,069-175,304), nível elevado de troponina (OR 1,355; IC95% 1,048-1,751) e de proteína C reativa durante a internação (OR 1,060; IC95% 1,023-1,097) e depressão (OR 6,110; IC95% 2,254-16,558). Conclusão Os sintomas cardiopulmonares relacionados à PACS 90 dias após a alta hospitalar são comuns e multifatoriais. Além dos marcadores trombóticos, inflamatórios e de lesão miocárdica durante a internação, sexo feminino e depressão foram associados independentemente com sintomas cardiopulmonares relacionados à PACS. Esses resultados destacaram a necessidade de uma abordagem multifacetada direcionada a pacientes susceptíveis.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220642

Synthesis and Evaluation of the Antileishmanial Activity of Novel Eugenol Analogs Containing 1,2,3-Triazole Fragments against Intracellular Leishmania braziliensis
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Evangelista, Roberta S.

; Pereira, Larissa C.

; Souza, Luciana Â. de

; Costa, Adilson V.

; Silva, Danilo A. da

; Oliveira, Fabrício M. de

; Vaz, Boniek G.

; Bressan, Gustavo C.

; Fietto, Juliana L. R.

; Teixeira, Róbson R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 Nº 12 Páginas 1810 - 1824

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This investigation describes the synthesis of eugenol analogs presenting 1,2,3-triazole fragments and evaluation of their antileishmanial activity. The alkylation of guaiacol (1) with allyl bromide afforded 1-(allyloxy)-2-methoxybenzene (2) (93% yield). The Claisen rearrangement conducted with 1 gave ortho eugenol (3) (82% yield). Alkylation procedures performed with 3 produced 1-allyl-3-methoxy-2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzene (4) (73% yield) and 1-allyl-3-methoxy-2-(pent-4-yn-1-yloxy)benzene (6) (53% yield). The copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions involving alkynes 4 and 6 with different benzylic azides afforded twenty-two eugenol analogs with 1,2,3-triazole functionalities (48-93% yield). We screened the compounds at 10 μmol L 1 against Leishmania braziliensis intracellular amastigotes during macrophage infection. The action of these compounds was compared with the known leishmanicidal drug amphotericin B. None of the analogs were toxic to macrophages at 10 μmol L-1. The cytotoxic concentration at 50% (CC50), effective concentration at 50% (EC50), and selectivity index (SI) were determined to the best compounds 4-((2-allyl-6-methoxy)phenoxymethyl)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazole (8c) and 4-((2-allyl-6-methoxy)phenoxymethyl)-1-(4-trifluoromethoxybenzyl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazole (8h). They showed a significant leishmanicidal effect, with EC50 of 28.09 µmol L-1 (8c) and 52.03 µmol L-1 (8h). The SIs were 9.7 for 8c and > 5.7 for 8h. These compounds have the potential as new leishmanicidal agents against L. braziliensis and may represent a starting point for the development of alternative treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230073

Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com degeneração macular relacionada à idade
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Carvalho, Jamil Augusto

; Rodrigues, Fernando

; Oda, Fernanda M.

; Caldas, Juliana M. Oliveira

; Brandão, Camila

; Souza, Maria Augusta Ornelas de

; Fonseca, Maria Luiza Gois da

; Rocha, Felipe Bekman

; Damasceno, Nadyr Antonia

; Lima, Luiz Claudio Santos S.

; Damasceno, Eduardo F.

Revista Brasileira de Oftalmologia

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2023, Volume 82 elocation e0061

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Purpose To demonstrate the epidemiological profile and risk factors of patients with age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). Methods Observational and sectional study. One eye of each patient with greater visual impairment due to AMD treated at the University Hospital Antônio Pedro was included. The main variable to be compared was the presence of AMD divided into inexpressive, initial, intermediate, and advanced stages, according to the classification of the AREDS study. The secondary variables were demographics (gender, age, race, age group), body mass index, iris color, family history of ARMD, lens status, long-term exposure to ultraviolet light and smoking. Statistical tests were performed with Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square analyses and Student’s t test. The significance level was set at 5%. Results After the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 126 patients were included in this study, 20 patients with non-expressive AMD, 30 patients with early AMD, 30 patients with intermediate AMD, and 46 patients with advanced AMD. Among all the risk factors surveyed, only smoking was statistically significant (p = 0.03). Conclusion Smoking as a risk factor for AMD had significant relevance prevalent in this research and even as a preventive factor for this ocular morbidity.

RESUMO Objetivo Demonstrar o perfil epidemiológico e fatores de riscos de pacientes com degeneração macular relacionada à idade. Métodos Estudo observacional e seccional. Foi incluído um olho de cada paciente com maior comprometimento visual por degeneração macular relacionada à idade atendido no Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro. A variável principal a ser comparada foi a presença de degeneração macular relacionada à idade dividida nos estágios inexpressivo, inicial, intermediário e avançado, segundo classificação do estudo AREDS. As variáveis secundárias foram os dados demográficos (sexo, idade, raça, faixa etária), índice de massa corporal, cor da íris, história familiar de degeneração macular relacionada à idade, status do cristalino, longo tempo exposição à luz ultravioleta e tabagismo. Foram realizados testes estatísticos com análise de Kruskal-Wallis, do teste do qui-quadrado e teste t de Student. O nível de significância foi definido em 5%. Resultados Após os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 126 pacientes foram incluídos neste estudo, sendo 20 pacientes com degeneração macular relacionada à idade inexpressiva, 30 pacientes com degeneração macular relacionada à idade inicial, 30 pacientes com degeneração macular relacionada à idade intermediária e 46 pacientes com degeneração macular relacionada à idade avançada. Dentre todos os fatores de risco pesquisados, apenas o tabagismo se mostrou estatisticamente significativo (p=0,03). Conclusão O tabagismo como fator de risco para degeneração macular relacionada à idade apresentou ter importância expressiva prevalente nesta pesquisa e até mesmo como fator preventivo dessa morbidade ocular.

https://doi.org/10.37039/1982.8551.20230061

The Cretaceous Neornithine record and new Vegaviidae specimens from the López de Bertodano Formation (Upper Maastrichthian) of Vega Island, Antarctic Peninsula
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SOUZA, GEOVANE A. DE

; BULAK, BRUNO A.

; SOARES, MARINA B.

; SAYÃO, JULIANA M.

; WEINSCHÜTZ, LUIZ CARLOS

; BATEZELLI, ALESSANDRO

; KELLNER, ALEXANDER W.A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Supl. 3 elocation e20230802

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract A worldwide revision of the Cretaceous record of Neornithes (crown birds) revealed that unambiguous neornithine taxa are extremely scarce, with only a few showing diagnostic features to be confidently assigned to that group. Here we report two new neornithine specimens from Vega Island (López de Bertodano Formation). The first is a synsacrum (MN 7832-V) that shows a complex pattern of transversal diverticula intercepting the canalis synsacri, as in extant neornithines. Micro-CT scanning revealed a camerate pattern of trabeculae typical of neornithines. It further shows the oldest occurrence of lumbosacral canals in Neornithes, which are related to a balance sensing system acting in the control of walking and perching. The second specimen (MN 7833-V) is a distal portion of a tarsometatarsus sharing with Vegavis iaai a straight apical border of the crista plantaris lateralis. Osteohistologically the tarsometatarsus shows a thick and highly vascularized cortex that lacks any growth marks, resembling Polarornis gregorii. The cortex is osteosclerotic as in other extinct and extant diving neornithines. These new specimens increase the occurrences of the Cretaceous avian material recovered from the Upper Cretaceous strata of the James Ross Sub-Basin, suggesting that a Vegaviidae-dominated avian assemblage was present in the Antarctic Peninsula during the upper Maastrichtian.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320230802

10.

EFFECT OF THINNING ON VOLUMES OF BIOMASS AND BARK TANNINS CONTENT OF Mimosa caesalpiniifolia BENTH. TREES
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Paiva, Leoclécio Luís de

; Azevedo, Tatiane Kelly Barbosa de

; Pimenta, Alexandre Santos

; Canto, Juliana Lorensi do

; Souza, Maila Janaína Coêlho de

; Ucella Filho, João Gilberto Meza

Revista Árvore

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2023, Volume 47 elocation e4728

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT This research aimed to evaluate the effect of thinning on the wood volumes per hectare on the tannin content in the bark of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia. The planting was subdivided into two plots, one thinned at 12 and 55 months of age (T1), while the other plot was kept intact (T2). The dendrometric variables were measured, and ten trees were felled, five in each plot. Subsequently, wood and bark’s volume, mass, and moisture content were determined. Then, the total solids content (TST), the Stiasny index (I), and the condensed tannin content (TTC) were quantified. Dry wood productivity was statistically different between the two treatments, with values of 26.7 and 22.8 t ha-1 for T1 and T2, respectively. The percentage of dry bark corresponded to 16% of the total biomass for both treatments. The only variable that showed a significant difference was I, with values with and without thinning, 59.83 and 79.31%, respectively. Therefore, it was verified that the way the thinning was used changed the I and how they were conducted, favoring the emission of boles and increasing the frequency in the lower diametric classes instead of favoring the increase in DBH. It is concluded that thinning interferes with the biomass volumes and the Stiasny index of M. caesalpiniifolia. However, it does not alter the concentration of tannins present in the species’ bark.

RESUMO Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito do desbaste sobre os volumes de madeira por hectare e no teor de taninos na casca de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia. O plantio foi subdividido em duas parcelas, uma que sofreu desbaste aos 12 e aos 55 meses de idade (T1), enquanto a outra foi mantida intacta (T2). Foram realizadas medições das variáveis dendrométricas e, em seguida, abatidas dez árvores, sendo cinco em cada uma das parcelas. Posteriormente, determinou-se o volume, a massa e o teor de umidade, da madeira e da casca. Em seguida, foi quantificado o teor de sólidos totais (TST), o índice de Stiasny (I) e o teor de taninos condensados (TTC) na casca. A produtividade de madeira seca foi estatisticamente diferente entre os dois tratamentos com valores de 26,7 e 22,8 t ha-1 para T1 e T2, respectivamente. A porcentagem de casca seca correspondeu a 16% da biomassa total para ambos os tratamentos. A única variável que apresentou diferença significativa foi o I, sendo os valores com e sem desbaste de 59,83 e 79,31%, respectivamente. Portanto, verificou-se que a forma em que o desbaste foi empregado altera o I e a massa de madeira seca, porém não alterou a concentração de taninos presentes na casca da espécie.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-908820230000028

11.

First record of insect-plant interaction in Late Cretaceous fossils from Nelson Island (South Shetland Islands Archipelago), Antarctica
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SANTOS FILHO, EDILSON B. DOS

; BRUM, ARTHUR S.

; SOUZA, GEOVANE A. DE

; FIGUEIREDO, RODRIGO G.

; USMA, CRISTIAN D.

; RICETTI, JOÃO HENRIQUE Z.

; TREVISAN, CRISTINE

; LEPPE, MARCELO

; SAYÃO, JULIANA M.

; LIMA, FLAVIANA J.

; OLIVEIRA, GUSTAVO R.

; KELLNER, ALEXANDER W.A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Supl. 3 elocation e20231268

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Despite the enormous paleobotanical record on different islands of the Antarctic Peninsula, the evidence of insect activity associated with fossilized plants is scarce. Here we report the first evidence of insect-plant interaction from Cretaceous deposits, more precisely from a new locality at the Rip Point area, Nelson Island (Antarctic Peninsula). The macrofossil assemblage includes isolated Nothofagus sp. leaf impressions, a common component of the Antarctic paleoflora. Two hundred leaves were examined, of which 15 showed evidence of insect activity, displaying variations in size, shape, and preservation. Two types of interaction damage, galls and mines, were identified. A single specimen retained a circular scar recognized as galling scar, while meandering tracks were considered mines. These traces of herbivore insect activity, correspond to the oldest known record of this type of interaction of West Antarctica and the oldest record of insect-plant interaction in Nothofagus sp. reported so far.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320231268

12.

Low numbers of large microplastics on environmentally-protected Antarctic beaches reveals no widespread contamination: insights into beach sedimentary dynamics
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MIRANDA, CAIK O. DE

; SCHAEFER, CARLOS ERNESTO G.R.

; SOUZA, JOSÉ JOÃO L.L. DE

; GUIMARÃES, LUCIANO M.

; MAIA, PAULO VICTOR S.

; SUL, JULIANA A. IVAR DO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Supl. 3 elocation e20230283

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Microplastics are ubiquitous contaminants of marine ecosystems around the world and Antarctica is no exception. Microplastics can be influenced by sedimentary dynamics mainly on coastal areas where they are more abundant in Antarctica. This study evaluated microplastic contamination in beach environments from two Antarctic Specially Protected Areas, aiming to identify relationships between microplastic numbers and sedimentological parameters on beach sediments. Low numbers of microplastics were found (> 0.5 mm; fibers excluded) – one particle per sample in 4 of 15 samples analyzed – and there is no evidence of widespread contamination. Sedimentological parameters reveal differences between sampled environments, but low numbers of microplastics impaired statistical comparison. All sediment samples are coarse, denoting highenergy depositional environments that are likely little susceptible to microplastic accumulation. Microplastic contamination in the Antarctic coastal ecosystem is heterogeneous, and their detailed characterization assisted by a systematization of methods can improve the understanding of microplastics distribution patterns in the cold coastal ecosystem.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320230283

13.

Sanitary and physiological quality of soybean seeds treated with Eucalyptus spp. essential oils
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Oliveira, Augusto M.

; Santos, Alice M. G.

; Silva, Luciana B.

; Souza, João S. N.

; Silva, Helane F.

; Lima, Juliana J. P.

; Nunes, Túlio S.

; Leão, Katyuscya V.

; Machado, Luciana L.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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Set 2022, Volume 45 Nº 3 Páginas 41 - 50

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Soybean seeds are usually infested by fungi, and disinfestation has been carried out mainly with synthetic fungicides, however, alternative controls have been sought, including essential oils. Thus, the effect of essential oils extracted from the leaves of the hybrid Eucalyptus tereticornis x E. urophylla (HEtu) and E. grandis x E. urophylla (HEgu) in the sanitary and physiological quality of soybean seeds was evaluated. The sanity test was conducted out in completely randomizes design (CRD), factorial scheme 2x5 (two essential oils, in five concentrations: 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 2.0 µL.mL-1), the seeds were placed in gerbox boxes in an incubator at 20 ºC for seven days, the fungi were identified according to their morphology. The physiological quality was evaluated in CRD, factorial scheme 2x4+1, being: two essential oils, in four concentrations (0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 2.0 µL.mL-1), plus an additional control treated with autoclaved distilled water, after eight days, the percentage of germination, percentage of abnormal seedlings and percentage of dead seeds were evaluated. The oils were efficient in controlling the Fusarium and Cladosporium genera, especially at concentrations of 1.0 and 2.0 µL.mL-1. HEgu oil was more efficient in sanitary control, while HEtu oil was superior in all physiological variables. Despite the greater efficiency in sanitary control, HEgu oil negatively alters the physiological quality of the seeds, while HEtu oil at a concentration of 2.0 µL.mL-1, in addition to the efficiency in phytosanitary control, does not affect the physiological quality of the seeds.

Resumo As sementes de soja geralmente são infestadas por fungos, e a desinfestação tem sido realizada principalmente com fungicidas sintéticos, porém, tem-se buscado controles alternativos, entre eles, óleos essenciais. Assim, avaliou-se o efeito de óleos essenciais extraídos das folhas dos híbridos Eucalyptus tereticornis x Eucalyptus urophylla (HEtu) e Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla (HEgu) na qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de soja. O teste de sanidade foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), esquema fatorial 2x5 (dois óleos essenciais, em cinco concentrações: 0; 0,5; 0,75; 1,0 e 2,0 µL.mL-1), as sementes foram colocadas em caixas gerbox em incubadora a 20 ºC por sete dias, os fungos foram identificados de acordo com sua morfologia. A qualidade fisiológica foi avaliada em DIC, esquema fatorial 2x4+1, sendo: dois óleos essenciais, em quatro concentrações (0,5; 0,75; 1,0 e 2,0 µL.mL-1), mais uma testemunha adicional tratada com água destilada autoclavada, após oito dias foram avaliadas a Percentual de germinação, Percentual de plântulas anormais e Percentual de sementes mortas. Os óleos mostram-se eficientes no controle dos gêneros Fusarium e Cladosporium, especialmente nas concentrações de 1,0 e 2,0 µL.mL-1. O óleo do HEgu foi mais eficiente no controle sanitário, enquanto que o do HEtu foi superior para todas as variáveis fisiológicas. Apesar da maior eficiência no controle sanitário, o óleo do HEgu prejudica a qualidade fisiológica das sementes, enquanto que o do HEtu na concentração de 2,0 µL.mL-1 além da eficiente no controle fitossanitário não prejudica a qualidade fisiológica das sementes.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.26529

14.

Suicide attempt, impulsivity, and exposure to trauma in college students
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Lira, Sidnei B.

; Vieira, Flávia

; Cavalcanti, Diogo E.

; Souza-Marques, Breno

; Netto, Liana R.

; Correia-Melo, Fernanda S.

; Leal, Gustavo C.

; Pereira, Juliana L.

; Santos, Lene L.

; Guedes, Gisela M.

; Teles, Carlos A.

; Cardoso, Taiane de A.

; Miranda-Scippa, Ângela

; Kapczinski, Flavio

; Lacerda, Acioly L.T.

; Koenen, Karestan C.

; Turecki, Gustavo

; Quarantini, Lucas C.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Jun 2022, Volume 44 Nº 3 Páginas 279 - 288

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Objectives: Past suicide attempt (SA) is one of the most important risk factors for suicide death. An ideation-to-action framework posits that impulsivity, potentially traumatic events, and mental disorders also play a role in increasing suicide risk. This study aimed to assess the association between trait impulsivity, lifetime exposure to trauma, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with SA in a sample of Brazilian college students. Methods: A total of 2,137 participants filled self-reported questionnaires consisting of a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, Trauma History Questionnaire, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist – Civilian version, and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Results: Our findings suggest that trait impulsivity may be interpreted as exerting a distal effect on SA, even in the presence of other variables – such as trauma history, psychological neglect, and PTSD – which also increase the odds of SA. High and medium levels of impulsivity, history of trauma, and PTSD increased the likelihood of SA. Conclusions: Intervention strategies to prevent SA may target trait impulsivity and exposure to traumatic experiences.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2021-2175

15.

Automation of monitoring of drying parameters in hybrid solar-electric dryer for agricultural products
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Paes, Juliana L.

; Ramos, Vinícius de A.

; Oliveira, Marcus V. M. de

; Pinto, Marinaldo F.

; Lovisi, Thais A. de P.

; Souza, Wagner D. de

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Abr 2022, Volume 26 Nº 4 Páginas 283 - 291

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O aumento da eficiência de secadores solares com garantia de que o sistema permaneça acessível a todos os usuários pode ser alcançado com sua automação por meio de sensores de baixo custo e fácil utilização. Objetivou-se desenvolver, implantar e avaliar um sistema automático de monitoramento dos parâmetros de secagem em secador híbrido solar-elétrico (SHSE). Inicialmente, foi desenvolvido e instalado o sistema automático de aquisição de dados para a coleta dos parâmetros de massa da amostra e temperatura do ar e umidade relativa do ar de secagem. O sistema automatizado foi validado comparando-o com aparelhos convencionais de medição dos parâmetros em estudo. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância, teste de Tukey e regressão linear a p ≤ 0,05. O sistema ligar/desligar do exaustor funcionou de forma eficiente, reduzindo os erros relacionados à medição da massa. O GERAR Mobile App mostrou-se fácil de ser usado por possuir ícones intuitivos e compatibilidade com os sistemas operacionais mais utilizados para dispositivos móveis. As respostas na comunicação via Bluetooth foram rápidas. A utilização do Arduino, um microcontrolador de baixo custo, para automatizar a atividade de monitoramento permitiu estimar a massa do produto e coletar os dados de temperatura do ar de secagem e umidade relativa do ar por meio do DHT22. Este sensor mostrou boa correlação de leituras de massa e temperatura do ar entre o sistema automático e convencional, mas baixa correlação para umidade relativa do ar. Em geral, o sistema de aquisição de dados monitorou em tempo real os parâmetros para secagem de produtos agrícolas no SHSE.

ABSTRACT Increasing the efficiency of solar dryers with ensuring that the system remains accessible to all users can be achieved with their automation through low-cost and easy-to-use technique sensors. The objective was to develop, implement and evaluate an automatic system for monitoring drying parameters in a hybrid solar-electric dryer (HSED). Initially, an automated data acquisition system for collecting the parameters of sample mass, air temperature, and relative air humidity was developed and installed. The automatic mass data acquisition system was calibrated in the hybrid solar-electric dryer. The automated system was validated by comparing it with conventional devices for measuring the parameters under study. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, Tukey test and linear regression at p ≤ 0.05. The system to turn on/off the exhaust worked efficiently, helping to reduce the errors related to the mass measurement. The GERAR Mobile App showed easy to be used since it has intuitive icons and compatibility with the most used operating systems for mobile devices. The responses in communication via Bluetooth were fast. The use of Arduino, a low-cost microcontroller, to automate the monitoring activity allowed estimating the mass of the product and collecting the drying air temperature and relative air humidity data through the DHT22. This sensor showed a good correlation of mass and air temperature readings between the automatic and conventional system, but low correlation for relative air humidity. In general, the automatic data acquisition system monitored in real time the parameters for drying agricultural products in the HSED.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n4p283-291

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