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ABSTRACT The cultivation of West Indian cherry under irrigation with saline water is subjected to harmful effects caused by salt stress. Identifying combinations of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilization can be a strategy to ensure the expansion of irrigated agriculture. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiology and production of the West Indian cherry ‘Flor Branca’ as a function of irrigation with waters of different electrical conductivities and fertilization with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium combinations. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using the randomized block design in a 2 × 10 factorial scheme, corresponding to two values of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.6 and 4.0 dS m-1) and ten combinations of fertilization with nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K): 80-100-100, 100-100-100, 120-100-100, 140-100-100, 100-80-100, 100-120-100, 100-140-100, 100-100-80, 100-100-120, and 100-100-140% of the NPK recommendation, with three replicates. Irrigation with water of 4.0 dS m-1 negatively affected stomatal conductance, average crown diameter, crown volume, and the number of fruits per plant of West Indian cherry cv. Flor Branca. The combination of 100-100-100% NPK increased transpiration, CO2 assimilation rate, and stomatal conductance at 260 days after transplantation. Although the NPK combination of 80-100-100% increased number of fruits, the highest production per plant was obtained under 100-80-100% NPK, regardless of the electrical conductivity of irrigation water.

RESUMO O cultivo de aceroleira sob irrigação com água salina está sujeito aos efeitos deletérios ocasionados pelo estresse salino. Dessa forma, a identificação de combinações de adubação com NPK pode ser uma estratégia para garantir a expansão da agricultura irrigada. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar a morfofisiologia e a produção da aceroleira cv. Flor Branca em função da irrigação com águas de diferentes condutividades elétricas e da adubação com combinações de nitrogênio-fósforo-potássio. O experimento foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação utilizando-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 × 10, sendo dois níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,6 e 4,0 dS m-1) e dez combinações de adubação com nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P2O5) e potássio (K2O): (80-100-100; 100-100-100; 120-100-100; 140-100-100; 100-80-100; 100-120-100; 100-140-100; 100-100-80; 100-100-120 e 100-100-140% da recomendação de N-P2O5-K2O), com três repetições. A salinidade da água de irrigação de 4,0 dS m-1 afetou negativamente a condutância estomática, diâmetro médio da copa, volume de copa e número de frutos por plantas da aceroleira cv. Flor Branca. A combinação de 100-100-100% de NPK aumentou a transpiração, a taxa de assimilação de CO2 e a condutância estomática, aos 260 dias após o transplantio. Embora a combinação NPK de 80-100-100% tenha aumentado o número de frutos, a maior produção por planta foi obtida sob 100-80-100% NPK, independentemente da condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n7p539-549

Leaching and availability of potassium in soil affected by conventional and coated fertilizer sources
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Ribeiro, Bruno N.

; Coelho, Anderson P.

; Souza, Juscelio R. de

; Gissi, Luciano de

; Lemos, Leandro B.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Dez 2022, Volume 26 Nº 12 Páginas 924 - 929

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O uso de fertilizantes revestidos é uma estratégia para melhorar a eficiência da adubação e o rendimento das culturas. No entanto, são necessários estudos para entender a dinâmica no solo dos diferentes tipos de fertilizantes potássicos (K) revestidos. Objetivou-se avaliar a lixiviação, disponibilidade e recuperação de K em colunas de solo após aplicação de fonte convencional KCl e outras fontes de K com tecnologias de revestimento e compactação. O experimento compreendeu quatro tratamentos, constituídos por três fontes de K (KCl convencional; KCl revestido com aditivos e polímeros - KCl-C; e KCl compactado e revestido com aditivos e polímeros - KCl-CC), e um controle sem adubação, com quatro repetições. Os teores de K foram avaliados na solução lixiviada das colunas de solo por 28 dias. Após esse período, foram determinados os teores de K no solo. A ausência de adubação no solo levou a uma redução de 26,5% nos teores de K. As fontes revestidas apresentaram menor dureza de grânulos e maior lixiviação de K em relação ao KCl convencional. A quantidade de K lixiviada foi de 62,2% para KCl-CC, 68,5% para KCl-C e 54,0% para KCl convencional. No entanto, ao final do experimento, os teores de K no solo foram maiores para a fonte KCl-C.

ABSTRACT The use of coated fertilizers is a strategy for improving fertilization efficiency and crop yield. However, further studies are needed to understand the dynamics of different types of coated K fertilizers in the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate K dynamics in soil columns after the application of conventional KCl and other K sources with coating (KCl-C) and compaction (KCl-CC) combined with the use of additives and polymers. The experiment comprised four treatments, consisting of three sources of K [conventional KCl, KCl coated with additives and polymers (KCl-C), and KCl compacted and coated with additives and polymers (KCl-CC)], and a control without K application, with four repetitions. The K concentration was evaluated in the leached solution collected from the soil columns for 28 days. After this period, the K concentration in the soil was determined. The absence of K fertilization in the soil led to a 26.5% reduction in the K concentration. The coated sources had lower granule hardness and higher K leaching than conventional KCl. The amounts of K leached were 62.2%, 68.5%, and 54.0% for KCl-CC, KCl-C, and conventional KCl, respectively. However, at the end of the experiment, the soil K concentration was higher under the KCl-C treatment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n12p924-929

Correlations between Web Searches and COVID-19 Epidemiological Indicators in Brazil
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Locatelli, Marcelo Sartori

; Cunha, Evandro L. T. P

; Guiginski, Janaína

; Franco, Ramon A. S

; Bernardes, Tereza

; Alzamora, Pedro Loures

; Silva, Daniel Victor F. da

; Ganem, Marcelo Augusto S

; Santos, Thiago H. M

; Carvalho, Anne I. R

; Souza, Leandro M. V

; Paixão, Gabriela P. F

; Chaves, Elisa França

; Santos, Guilherme Bezerra dos

; Santos, Rafael Vinícius dos

; Freitas, Amanda Cupertino de

; Flores, Matheus G

; Biezuner, Rachel F

; Cardoso, Rodolfo Lins

; Fonseca, Rodrigo Machado

; Silva, Ana Paula Couto da

; Meira Jr, Wagner

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2022, Volume 65 elocation e22210648

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: COVID-19 rapidly spread across the world in an unprecedented outbreak with a massive number of infected and fatalities. The pandemic was heavily discussed and searched on the internet, which generated big amounts of data related to it. This led to the possibility of attempting to forecast coronavirus indicators using the internet data. For this study, Google Trends statistics for 124 selected search terms related to pandemic were used in an attempt to find which keywords had the best Spearman correlations with a lag, as well as a forecasting model. It was found that keywords related to coronavirus testing among some others, such as “I have contracted covid”, had high correlations (≥0.7) with few weeks of lag (≤4 weeks). Besides that, the ARIMAX model using those keywords had promising results in predicting the increase or decrease of epidemiological indicators, although it was not able to predict their exact values. Thus, we found that Google Trends data may be useful for predicting outbreaks of coronavirus a few weeks before they happen, and may be used as an auxiliary tool in monitoring and forecasting the disease in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2022210648

In silico evaluation of genomic characteristics of Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius for application in fermentations
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BRITO, LEANDRO P. DE

; SANTOS, DAYANE S.

; FREITAS, NARA SUZY A. DE

; MEDEIROS, ROSÁLIA S. DE

; SOUZA, PAULO ROBERTO E. DE

; SOARES, MARIA TACIANA C.V.

; PORTO, ANA LÚCIA F.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 elocation e20211447

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the in silico genomic characteristics of Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius, isolated from Coalho cheese from Paraíba, Brazil, with a view to application in lactic fermentations. rRNA sequences from the 16S ribosomal region were used as input to GenBank, in the search for patterns that could reveal a non-pathogenic behavior of S. infantarius subsp. infantarius, comparing mobile genetic elements, antibiotic resistance genes, pan-genome analysis and multi-genome alignment among related species. S. infantarius subsp. infantarius CJ18 was the only complete genome reported by BLAST/NCBI with high similarity and after comparative genetics with complete genomes of Streptococcus agalactiae (SAG153, NJ1606) and Streptococcus thermophilus (ST106, CS18, IDCC2201, APC151) revealed that CJ18 showed a low number of transposases and integrases, infection by phage bacteria of the Streptococcus genus, absence of antibiotic resistance genes and presence of bacteriocin, folate and riboflavin producing genes. The genome alignment revealed that the collinear blocks of S. thermophilus ST106 and S. agalactiae SAG153 have inverted blocks when compared to the CJ18 genome due to gene positioning, insertions and deletions. Therefore, the strains of S. infantarius subsp. infantarius isolated from Coalho cheese from Paraíba showed genomic similarity with CJ18 and the mobility of genes analyzed in silico showed absence of pathogenicity throughout the genome of CJ18, indicating the potential of these strains for the dairy industry.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211447

Schools reopening and the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study from Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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POZZOBON, ALLAN P. B.

; PETRY, ANA C.

; ZILBERBERG, CARLA

; BARROS, CINTIA M. DE

; NEPOMUCENO-SILVA, JOSÉ L.

; FEITOSA, NATÁLIA M.

; GOMES NETO, LUPIS R.

; RODRIGUES, BRUNO C.

; BRINDEIRO, RODRIGO M.

; NOCCHI, KEITY JAQUELINE C.V.

; MURY, FLAVIA B.

; SOUZA-MENEZES, JACKSON DE

; SILVA, MANUELA L. DA

; MEDEIROS, MARCIO JOSÉ DE

; GESTINARI, RAQUEL S.

; ALVARENGA, ALESSANDRA S. DE

; SILVA, CARINA A.O.

; SANTOS, DANIELE G. DOS

; SILVESTRE, DIEGO HENRIQUE

; SOUSA, GRAZIELE F. DE

; ALMEIDA, JANIMAYRI F. DE

; SILVA, JHENIFER N. DA

; BRANDÃO, LAYZA M.

; DRUMMOND, LEANDRO O.

; CARPES, RAPHAEL M.

; SANTOS, RENATA C. DOS

; PORTAL, TAYNAN M.

; TANURI, AMILCAR

; NUNES-DA-FONSECA, RODRIGO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 elocation e20211361

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Since the first reported case of COVID-19 in Brazil, the public and private educational system started to close. Up to November 2020, scientific discussions about the return of schooling activities have been rarely performed by the national scientific community and police-makers. The great delay of school returning in Brazil contrasts with successful international strategies of school reopening worldwide and seems counterintuitive with the reopening of non-essential activities. Here, important issues to be considered before and during school reopening are reviewed and discussed. COVID-19 testing is essential to avoid disease spreading, but high cost of individual RT-qPCRs impairs an extensive testing strategy for school returning. To reduce costs and increase the speed of diagnosis, we tested the efficiency of a pooled-sample PCR strategy in a cohort of the educational staff in the city of Macaé/RJ, finding five asymptomatic individuals (0,66%) among the 754 people tested. Thus, a polled-sample PCR testing strategy of the educational staff might prevent infection spreading in schools at a reasonable cost. We discuss how our test strategy could be coupled with internationally recognized safety rules to allow for a safe school return and how countries from different world regions are dealing with educational activities during COVID-19 pandemic.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211361

Saliva as a potential surrogate for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the pediatric population and special care patients
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SANTANA, LUCAS A.M.

; AMARAL, REGIANE C. DO

; PAIVA, SAUL M.

; SOUZA, LEANDRO N. DE

; BORGES, LYSANDRO P.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Supl. 4 elocation e20220447

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220220447

COVID-19 in the Perioperative Period of Cardiovascular Surgery: the Brazilian Experience
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Gomes, Walter J.

; Rocco, Isadora

; Pimentel, Wallace S.

; Pinheiro, Aislan H. B.

; Souza, Paulo M. S.

; Costa, Luiz A. A.

; Teixeira, Marjory M. P.

; Ohashi, Leonardo P.

; Bublitz, Caroline

; Begot, Isis

; Moreira, Rita Simone L

; Hossne Jr, Nelson A.

; Vargas, Guilherme F.

; Branco, João Nelson R.

; Teles, Carlos A.

; Medeiros, Eduardo A. S.

; Sáfadi, Camila

; Rampinelli, Amândio

; Moratelli Neto, Leopoldo

; Rosado, Anderson Rosa

; Mesacasa, Franciele Kuhn

; Capriata, Ismael Escobar

; Segalote, Rodrigo Coelho

; Palmieri, Deborah Louize da Rocha Vianna

; Jardim, Amanda Cristina Mendes

; Vianna, Diego Sarty

; Coutinho, Joaquim Henrique de Souza Aguiar

; Jazbik, João Carlos

; Coutinho, Henrique Madureira da Rocha

; Kikuta, Gustavo

; Almeida, Zely Sant'Anna Marotti de

; Feguri, Gibran Roder

; Lima, Paulo Ruiz Lucio de

; Franco, Anna Carolina

; Borges, Danilo de Cerqueira

; Cruz, Felipe Ramos Honorato De La

; Croti, Ulisses Alexandre

; Borim, Bruna Cury

; Marchi, Carlos Henrique De

; Goraieb, Lilian

; Postigo, Karolyne Barroca Sanches

; Jucá, Fabiano Gonçalves

; Oliveira, Fátima Rosane de Almeida

; Souza, Rafael Bezerra de

; Zilli, Alexandre Cabral

; Mas, Raul Gaston Sanchez

; Bettiati Junior, Luiz Carlos

; Tranchesi, Ricardo

; Bertini Jr, Ayrton

; Franco, Leandro Vieira

; Fernandes, Priscila

; Oliveira, Fabiana

; Moraes Jr, Roberto

; Araújo, Thiago Cavalcanti Vila Nova de

; Braga, Otávio Penna

; Pedrosa Sobrinho, Antônio Cavalcanti

; Teixeira, Roberta Tavares Barreto

; Camboim, Irla Lavor Lucena

; Gomes, Eduardo Nascimento

; Reis, Pedro Horigushi

; Garcia, Luara Piovan

; Scorsioni, Nelson Henrique Goes

; Lago, Roberto

; Guizilini, Solange

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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Dez 2021, Volume 36 Nº 6 Páginas 725 - 735

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: We investigated the clinical course and outcomes of patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery in Brazil and who had developed symptoms/signs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the perioperative period. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study including 104 patients who were allocated in three groups according to time of positive real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2): group 1, patients who underwent cardiac surgery > 10 days after positive RT-PCR; group 2, patients with a positive RT-PCR within 10 days before or after surgery; group 3, patients who presented positive RT-PCR > 10 days after surgery. The primary outcome was mortality and secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and postoperative days of hospitalization. Results: The three groups were similar with respect to age, the European System of Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation score, and comorbidities, except hypertension. Postoperative complications and death were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1, and no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 was seen. Group 2 showed a high prevalence of surgery performed as an urgent procedure. Although no significant differences were observed in ICU length of stay, total postoperative hospitalization time was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: COVID-19 affecting the postoperative period of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery is associated with a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. Delaying procedures in RT-PCR-positive patients may help reduce risks of perioperative complications and death.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2021-0960

REACTION OF PASSION FRUIT GENOTYPES TO THE COMPLEX Meloidogyne incognita AND Fusarium solani
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ROCHA, LEANDRO DE SOUZA

; XAVIER, ADELICA APARECIDA

; RIBEIRO, REGINA CÁSSIA FERREIRA

Revista Caatinga

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Set 2021, Volume 34 Nº 3 Páginas 605 - 613

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The interaction between Meloidogyne and Fusarium can alter the resistance behavior of passion fruit genotypes. The study was aimed to evaluate the reaction of genotypes of Passiflora spp. to Meloidogyne incognita race 3 (Mi)-Fusarium solani (Fs) complex. The assay was carried using RBD in the factorial arrangement: 10 genotypes (BRS-SC, M-19-UFV, P. alata, P. nitida, P. giberti, P.setacea, P. mucronata, P. murifolia, P. cincinnata, P. ligularis) x 3 treatments (Mi, Mi+Fs, Fs). After 180 days of planting the reaction to Mi was determined by RF (Pi/Pf) and to Fs by lesions size in roots and stems. According to the criteria of Oostenbrink and Moura and Regis, BRS-SC, M-19-UFV. P. alata and P. cincinnata behaved as resistant and P. giberti as susceptible. According to the Taylor and Sasser, BRS-SC, M-19-UFV, P. alata, P. cincinnata and P. giberti behaved as resistant, moderately resistant, moderately suscetible and susceptible, respectively. Lower percentage of plants with symtoms of Fs was found in P. mucronata, P. nitida, P. setacea, P. cincinnata and M-19-UFV In the presence of both pathogens, M-19-UFV, P. alata and P. nitida were those with larger lesion. In the presence de Fs, BRS-SC, P. alata, P. cincinnata and P. ligularis showed the largest lesions.

RESUMO A interação Meloidogyne-Fusarium pode alterar o comportamento de resistência de genótipos de maracujazeiro. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho avaliar a reação de genótipos de Passiflora ao complexo Meloidogyne incognita raça 3 e Fusarium solani. O experimento foi conduzido em DBC com esquema fatorial 10x3, sendo dez genótipos de Passiflora, (híbrido BRS Sol do Cerrado, seleção-M-19 da UFV, P. alata, P. nitida, P. giberti, P. setacea, P. mucronata, P. morifolia, P. cincinnata e P. ligularis e três tratamentos, M. incognita raça 3, M. incognita + Fusarium solani e F. solani. Após 180 dias do plantio e inoculação dos patógenos, avaliou-se a reação a M. incognita por meio do fator de reprodução- (FR = Pi/Pf) e variáveis nematológicas e a reação a F. solani pelo tamanho das lesões nas raízes e caules. De acordo com os critérios de Oostenbrink e de Moura e Regis, ‘BRS-Sol do Cerrado’, M-19-UFV, P. alata e P. cincinnata foram resistentes e P. giberti foi suscetível a M. incognita raça 3. De acordo com Taylor e Sasser, ‘BRS-Sol do Cerrado’, M-19UFV, P. alata, P. cincinnata e P. giberti foram resistente, moderadamente, moderadamente suscetível e suscetível, respectivamente, ao nematoide. Menores porcentagens de plantas com sintomas de Fusarium foi encontrada em P. mucronata, P. nitida, P. setacea, P. cincinnata e M-19-UFV. Na presença de ambos os patógenos, M-19-UFV, P. alata e P. nitida foram os que apresentaram maior tamanho de lesão. Na presença de F. solani,‘BRS-Sol do Cerrado’, P. alata, P. cincinnata e P. ligularis apresentaram as maiores lesões causadas pelo fungo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n312rc

Effects of sympathectomy on myocardium remodeling and function
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Jordão, Maurício Rodrigues

; Pessoa, Fernanda G.

; Fonseca, Keila C.B.

; Zanoni, Fernando

; Salemi, Vera M.C.

; Souza, Leandro E.

; Ribeiro, Orlando N.

; Fernandes, Fábio

; Irigoyen, Maria Claudia

; Moreira, Luiz Felipe P.

; Mady, Charles

; Ramires, Felix Jose Alvarez

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e1958

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of sympathectomy on the myocardium in an experimental model. METHODS: The study evaluated three groups of male Wistar rats: control (CT; n=15), left unilateral sympathectomy (UNI; n=15), and bilateral sympathectomy (BIL; n=31). Sympathectomy was performed by injection of absolute alcohol into the space of the spinous process of the C7 vertebra. After 6 weeks, we assessed the chronotropic properties at rest and stress, cardiovascular autonomic modulation, myocardial and peripheral catecholamines, and beta-adrenergic receptors in the myocardium. The treadmill test consisted of an escalated protocol with a velocity increment until the maximal velocity tolerated by the animal was reached. RESULTS: The bilateral group had higher levels of peripheral catecholamines, and consequently, a higher heart rate (HR) and blood pressure levels. This suggests that the activation of a compensatory pathway in this group may have deleterious effects. The BIL group had basal tachycardia immediately before the exercise test and increased tachycardia at peak exercise (p<0.01); the blood pressure had the same pattern (p=0.0365). The variables related to autonomic modulation were not significantly different between groups, with the exception of the high frequency (HF) variable, which showed significant differences in CT vs UNI. There was no significant difference in beta receptor expression between groups. There was a higher concentration of peripheral norepinephrine in the BIL group (p=0.0001), and no significant difference in myocardial norepinephrine (p=0.09). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that an extra cardiac compensatory pathway increases the sympathetic tonus and maintains a higher HR and higher levels of peripheral catecholamines in the procedure groups. The increase in HF activity can be interpreted as an attempt to increase the parasympathetic tonus to balance the greater sympathetic activity.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e1958 711 downloads

10.

The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA

; BACCARO, FABRICIO

; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA

; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA

; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA

; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS

; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO

; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.

; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO

; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS

; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.

; AKAMA, ALBERTO

; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO

; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES

; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA

; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA

; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA

; PENHA, JERRY

; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE

; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA

; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA

; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.

; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.

; MENIN, MARCELO

; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA

; ARAGÓN, SUSAN

; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO

; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO

; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E

; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA

; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO

; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA

; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS

; ANDRÉ, THIAGO

; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA

; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA

; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE

; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.

; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN

; MARQUES, RENATO

; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.

; SILVEIRA, MARCOS

; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA

; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA

; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE

; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM

; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA

; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON

; OKI, YUMI

; NOVAIS, SAMUEL

; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA

; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES

; OCHOA, ANA C.

; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.

; GATICA, AILIN

; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA

; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ

; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.

; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.

; NEME, ANDREA M.

; RUEDA, CARLA

; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE

; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS

; VALE, MARIANA M.

; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS

; CERQUEIRA, RUI

; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU

; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE

; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA

; BANHOS, AUREO

; HERO, JEAN-MARC

; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO

; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA

; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO

; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.

; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES

; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI

; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI

; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS

; FONTANA, CARLA S.

; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.

; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.

; RUEDA, MARTA P.

; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.

; PALOMO, LUCAS

; ITURRE, MARTA C.

; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY

; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 2 elocation e20201604

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604 1034 downloads

11.

Physiological indices and growth of ‘Gigante Amarelo’ passion fruit under salt stress and silicate fertilization
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Diniz, Genilson L.

; Nobre, Reginaldo G.

; Lima, Geovani S. de

; Souza, Leandro de P.

; Gheyi, Hans R.

; Medeiros, Mizael N. V. de

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Dez 2020, Volume 24 Nº 12 Páginas 814 - 821

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os estresses abióticos são responsáveis pela perda de produção agrícola em distintas regiões, especialmente nas regiões semiáridas, que apresentam longos períodos de estiagem e elevada evapotranspiração induzindo a utilização de águas salinas como alternativa para expansão das áreas irrigadas. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar os índices fisiológicos e o crescimento do maracujazeiro ‘Gigante Amarelo’ em função da salinidade da água de irrigação e da adubação com silício. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, cujos tratamentos foram constituídos de cinco condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação - CEa (0,3; 1,0; 1,7; 2,4 e 3,1 dS m-1) associadas a duas doses de silicio (150 e 300 g de silício planta-1) com quatro repetições. O estresse salino alterou as trocas gasosas, na síntese de clorofila a e b e crescimento das plantas de maracujazeiro ‘Gigante Amarelo’, aos 60 dias após o transplantio. A adubação com dose de silício de 300 g planta-1 proporciona incrementos na taxa de assimilação de CO2 e eficiência instantânea do uso da água, sendo capaz de mitigar os efeitos deletérios da salinidade. Plantas de maracujazeiro adubadas com a dose de silício de 300 g planta-1, atingiram maior crescimento em diâmetro do caule e na taxa de crescimento relativo em diâmetro do caule das plantas de maracujazeiro, no período de 30 a 60 dias após o transplantio.

ABSTRACT Abiotic stresses are responsible for the loss of agricultural production in different regions, especially in semiarid regions, which have long periods of drought and high evapotranspiration, leading to the use of saline water as an alternative for the expansion of irrigated areas. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the physiological indices and the growth of the ‘Gigante Amarelo’ passion fruit as a function of the salinity of irrigation water and fertilization with silicon. A randomized block design was used in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, whose treatments consisted of five electrical conductivities of irrigation water - ECw (0.3; 1.0; 1.7, 2.4 and 3.1 dS m-1) associated with two doses of silicion (150 and 300 g of silicon plant-1) with four repetitions. Salt stress causes changes in gas exchange, chlorophyll a and b synthesis and growth of ‘Gigante Amarelo’ passion fruit plants, 60 days after transplanting. Fertilization with silicon dose of 300 g plant-1 promotes increments in CO2 assimilation rate and instantaneous water use efficiency, being able to mitigate the deleterious effects of salinity. Passion fruit plants fertilized with silicon dose of 300 g plant-1 attained greater growth in stem diameter and relative growth rate in stem diameter, from 30 to 60 days after transplanting.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n12p814-821 512 downloads

12.

Quick Identification of the Time of Maturation of Artisanal Minas Cheese by FTIR-ATR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Techniques
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Jesus, Josane C. de

; Silva, Grazielly J.

; Gonçalves, Ben-Hur R. F.

; Souza, Marcelo R. de

; Santos, Leandro S.

; Ferrão, Sibelli P. B.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Out 2020, Volume 31 Nº 10 Páginas 2000 - 2011

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The objective of this work is the identification of cheese maturation time using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) data and analytical measurements associated with chemometrics techniques. Minas artisanal cheeses were collected from 8 producers matured at times 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 45 and 60 days, fractioned in rind and crumb for moisture, water activity (aw), dry in fat extract, pH, acidity, ashes, protein, extent and depth of proteolysis, color and identification of functional groups in FTIR-ATR. Principal component analysis (PCA), multiple linear regression (MLR) and partial least squares (PLS) techniques were performed on the dataset. PCA was used to assess differences and similarities of the samples. The best results to predict the maturation time were using MLR for analytical measurements in the portion of the crumb, with coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.92, root mean square error of validation (RMSEV) = 5.4 days and PLS for FTIR-ATR with R2 = 0.92, RMSEV = 5.3 days. The results indicated that the FTIR-ATR was adequate to predict maturation times. Although, it does not eliminate the need for more detailed chemical analysis.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200100 295 downloads

13.

Tolerance of precocious dwarf cashew clones to salt stress during rootstock formation stage
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Lima, Geovani S. de

; Silva, Jailson B. da

; Souza, Leandro de P.

; Nobre, Reginaldo G.

; Soares, Lauriane A. dos A.

; Gheyi, Hans R.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Jul 2020, Volume 24 Nº 7 Páginas 474 - 481

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Conduziu-se esta pesquisa com o propósito de avaliar a tolerância de clones de cajueiro anão-precoce à irrigação com águas de diferentes níveis de salinidade durante a formação dos porta-enxertos. Utilizou-se delineamento de blocos casualizados, arranjados em esquema fatorial de 5 x 3, correspondendo a cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,4; 1,2; 2,0; 2,8 e 3,6 dS m-1) e três clones de cajueiro anão-precoce (Faga 11, Embrapa 51, CCP 76), com três repetições. Salinidade da água superior a 0,4 dS m-1 inibiu a síntese de clorofila e o crescimento, contudo, obteve-se mudas de cajueiro com o Indice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD) superior ao limite aceitável. Com base no rendimento relativo da fitomassa seca total, os clones Faga 11, Embrapa 51 e CCP 76, no nível mais elevado de salinidade estudado foram classificados como moderadamente sensível, sensível e moderadamente tolerante, respectivamente. Houve interação significativa entre os níveis salinos da água e os clones de cajueiro anão-precoce para os teores de clorofila a, b e o IQD, aos 75 dias após o semeio.

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate the tolerance of precocious dwarf cashew clones to irrigation with waters of different salinity levels during rootstock formation. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, arranged in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme, corresponding to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.4; 1.2; 2.0; 2.8 and 3.6 dS m-1) and three clones of precocious dwarf cashew (Faga 11, Embrapa 51, CCP 76), with three replicates. Water salinity above 0.4 dS m-1 inhibited chlorophyll synthesis and growth, but led to cashew seedlings with the Dickson Quality Index (DQI) higher than the acceptable limit. Based on the relative yield of the total dry mass, the clones Faga 11, Embrapa 51 and CCP 76, at the highest salinity level studied, were classified as moderately sensitive, sensitive and moderately tolerant, respectively. There was interaction between water salinity and precocious dwarf cashew clones for chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and DQI at 75 days after sowing.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n7p474-481 570 downloads

14.

Caracterização de genótipos de soja com resistência parcial à ferrugem da soja
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Juliatti, Fernando Cezar

; Mesquita, Ana Carolina Oliveira

; Teixeira, Fernanda Gabriela

; Beloti, Igor Forigo

; Mota, Lara Caroline Borges Moreira

; Fonseca, Leandro Jamerson

; Sousa, Luciana Alves de

; Souza, Maria Stella Xavier de Araújo

; Silva, Nathália Salgado

; Zancan, Nayara Lima Baute

; Morais, Tâmara Prado de

Summa Phytopathologica

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Set 2019, Volume 45 Nº 3 Páginas 313 - 319

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A ferrugem asiática da soja (FAS), causada pelo fungo Phakopsora pachyrhizi, é uma das doenças mais severas na cultura. Dentre as estratégias para seu manejo propõe-se a utilização de genótipos com resistência horizontal ou parcial, ainda restritos no mercado, mas promissores pela durabilidade da resistência. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resistência de diferentes genótipos de soja à ferrugem asiática para futura utilização em programas de melhoramento. Na safra 2015/2016, foram avaliados 11 genótipos de soja provenientes do LAGER-UFU e a cultivar Desafio 8473 (padrão de suscetibilidade) frente à infecção artificial e natural de P. pachyrhizi no campo. Com os dados de severidade da FAS, calculou-se a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD). O percentual de área foliar afetada e os valores da AACPD dos genótipos avaliados oscilaram de 1,56 a 80,75 e de 380,62 a 975,62, respectivamente. Os genótipos L-210, L-166, L-268, L-203, L-279, L-224, L-216 e L-218 apresentam menores valores de AACPD, indicando resistência parcial, enquanto os genótipos L-144, L-104, L-266 e a cv. Desafio 8473 apresentaram maiores valores de AACPD, portanto, com menor resistência parcial ou suscetíveis. Ainda assim, os genótipos L-144, L-104 e L-266 apresentaram coeficientes de progresso da severidade da doença de 1,8 a 2,0 vezes menores comparativamente à cv. Desafio 8473. Conclui-se que os genótipos do Programa de Melhoramento Genético da UFU (LAGER-UFU), apresentam potencial de utilização no desenvolvimento de cultivares de soja resistentes à P. pachyrhizi.

ABSTRACT Asian soybean rust (ASR), caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is one of the most severe diseases that affect the crop. Among management strategies is the use of genotypes with horizontal or partial resistance, which are still restricted in the market but promising due to their resistance durability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance of different genotypes to Asian soybean rust for future use in breeding programs. In the 2015/2016 crop season, 11 soybean genotypes from LAGER-UFU and cv. Desafio8473 (susceptibility pattern) were evaluated for artificial and natural infection by P. pachyrhizi in the field. ASR severity data were used to calculate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). The percentage of affected leaf area and the AUDPC values of the evaluated genotypes ranged from 1.56 to 80.75% and from 380.62 to 975.62, respectively. The genotypes L-210, L-166, L-268, L-203, L-279, L-224, L-216 and L-218 have lower AUDPC values, indicating partial resistance, while the genotypes L-144, L-104, L-266 and cv. Desafio 8473 showed higher AUDPC values and therefore lower partial resistance or susceptibility. Even so, the genotypes L-144, L-104 and L-266 showed coefficients of disease severity progress 1.8 to 2.0-fold lower than those of cv. Desafio 8473. In conclusion, the genotypes from UFU Breeding Program (LAGER-UFU) showed potential to be used in the development of soybean cultivars resistant to P. pachyrhizi.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/190552 1326 downloads

15.

Content, extraction and export of nutrients in sugarcane under salinity and leaching fraction
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Lira, Raquele M. de

; Silva, Ênio F. de F. e

; Silva, Gerônimo F. da

; Souza, Diego H. S. de

; Pedrosa, Elvira M. R.

; Gordin, Leandro C.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Jun 2019, Volume 23 Nº 6 Páginas 432 - 438

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar o teor dos macronutrientes e também o teor de cloro e sódio, na folha diagnóstico, e a extração e a exportação dos macronutrientes, em cana-de-açúcar irrigada com águas salinas e frações de lixiviação. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, com quatro repetições, cinco níveis de salinidades da água (0,5; 2,0; 3,5; 5,0 e 6,5 dS m-1) e duas frações de lixiviação (L1 = 0 e L2 = 0.17). Os tratamentos foram aplicados aos 60 dias após o plantio. Aos 280 dias após o plantio foram coletadas as folhas-diagnóstico para avaliação do estado nutricional e dos teores de Cl e Na. Aos 360 dias após o plantio realizou-se a colheita separando-se colmos e ponteiro + folhas. A salinidade reduziu linearmente os teores de N, P, K e Mg na folha diagnóstico e elevou os teores de Ca, Cl e Na. Este efeito foi minimizado pela aplicação da fração de lixiviação 0,17. A extração de nutrientes seguiu a seguinte ordem: K > Ca > N > Mg > S > P. A salinidade da água de irrigação influenciou negativamente o estado nutricional, a extração e a exportação de nutrientes pela cultura, sendo que a aplicação da fração de 0,17 proporcionou melhores resultados, exceto para o Ca e o S.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the contents of macronutrients and also chlorine and sodium in the diagnostic leaf, and the extraction and export of macronutrients in sugarcane irrigated with saline water and leaching fractions. The experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme with four replications, corresponding to five levels of water salinity (0.5, 2.0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 dS m-1) and two leaching fractions (L1 = 0 and L2 = 0.17). The treatments were applied 60 days after planting. At 280 days after planting, diagnostic leaves were collected and used to evaluate the nutritional status and the contents of Cl and Na. At 360 days after planting, the sugarcane was harvested and its stalks were separated into tops and leaves. Exposure to water of increasing salinity linearly reduced the N, P, K and Mg contents of the diagnostic leaves and increased their Ca, Cl and Na contents. This effect was minimized by the application of the 0.17 leaching fraction. The extraction of nutrients followed the order K > Ca > N > Mg > S > P. The salinity of the irrigation water had a negative effect on the nutritional status of the plant and on its extraction and export of nutrients; the application of the 0.17 leaching fraction improved the results, except for Ca and S.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n6p432-438 643 downloads

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