Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT: The research was conducted to test the hypothesis that the inclusion of coffee husk (Coffea sp.) would improve the fermentative characteristics and quality of pearl millet silage (Pennisetumglaucum). Thus, the objective was to assess the effect of the inclusion of different levels of coffee husk in pearl millet silage on the chemical composition, fermentative characteristics and degradability in situ of silage. The experimental design used was completely randomized and the treatments consisted of the silage of the whole pearl millet plant with the inclusion of increasing levels of coffee husk: 0%, 7%, 14% and 21%, based on natural matter. After 60 days of fermentation, the silages were evaluated for chemical characteristics, fermentative, degradability in situ dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). The inclusion of coffee husk did not alter (P > 0.05) the contents of crude protein (11.94%), NDF (44.89%) and total digestible nutrients (65.09%). There were increases in the concentrations of DM and fiber in acid detergent, accompanied by a reduction in the concentrations of mineral matter and ether extract, as the proportion of coffee husks in silages increased. There was an increase in the lignin content up to the level of 7.59% inclusion of the coffee husk. There was no effect of the inclusion of the coffee husk on the pH of the silage (3.60). However, the inclusion of coffee husk resulted in a reduction in temperature, gas losses, and degradability in situ of silage DM and NDF. It is recommended to include coffee husk up to the level of 14.0% of the natural matter to improve the fermentation pattern and the quality of the pearl millet silage.

RESUMO: A pesquisa foi conduzida para testar a hipótese de que a inclusão de casca de café (Coffea sp.) melhoraria as características fermentativas e a qualidade da silagem de milheto (Pennisetum glaucum). Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da inclusão de diferentes níveis da casca de café na ensilagem de milheto sobre a composição química, características fermentativas e degradabilidade in situ da silagem. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado e os tratamentos constituíram-se pela silagem da planta inteira de milheto com a inclusão de níveis crescentes de casca de café: 0%, 7%, 14% e 21%, com base na matéria natural. Após 60 dias de fermentação, as silagens foram avaliadas quanto às características químicas, fermentativas, degradabilidade in situ da matéria seca (MS) e da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN). A inclusão da casca de café não alterou (P > 0,05) os teores de proteína bruta (11,94%), FDN (44,89%) e nutrientes digestíveis totais (65,09%). Houve aumentos nas concentrações de MS e fibra em detergente ácido, acompanhados de uma redução nas concentrações de matéria mineral e extrato etéreo, à medida que se aumentou a participação da casca de café nas silagens. Houve um aumento no teor de lignina até o nível de 7,59% de inclusão da casca de café. Não houve efeito da inclusão da casca de café sobre o pH da silagem (3,60). Entretanto, a inclusão de casca de café acarretou na redução da temperatura, perdas por gases, degradabilidade in situ da MS e FDN da silagem. Recomenda-se a inclusão de casca de café até o nível de 14,0% da matéria natural para melhoria do padrão de fermentação e da qualidade da silagem de milheto.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220513

Correlation of physiological and productive parameters of cowpea under organic fertilization
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Costa, Rafael Santiago da

; Silva, Johny de Souza

; Vieira, Júlia Queiros

; Pinho, Beatriz Moreira

; Silva, Bruna Alves da

; Crisóstomo, Lindbergue Araújo

; Braga, Marilena de Melo

; Mesquita, Rosilene Oliveira

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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2024, Volume 55 elocation e20218295

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The work was intended to evaluate the effect of different organic compounds originating from the mixture of agroindustrial and urban wastes, as well as their doses in the physiology and production of cowpea. The experiment was conducted under a randomized block design, in a 4 x 5 + 2 factorial arrangement, with four organic fertilizers (3 composed obtained from of sewage sludge, green coconut shell, carnauba butt; and sewage sludge biochar), five doses (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 t ha-1) and two additional treatments (without fertilization and mineral fertilization). We evaluated the leaf gas exchange in three phenological stages and the productive aspects. Regarding the physiological variables, the compounds with carnauba butt and green coconut shell promoted the best results and throughout the crop cycle, the gas exchange decreased. The productive aspects were increased by about 60%, especially due to the treatments with organic compounds. The PCA can confirm the univariate results, with emphasis on compounds with green coconut shell and carnauba butt. The high percentage of explanation found in axis 1 (60.49%) may be associated with the fact that the gas exchange and production variables are highly responsive to fertilization. The treatment with biochar caused a reduction in both in the physiological and in the productive aspects. The compounds with carnauba tip and green coconut shell promote satisfactory results, being viable alternatives to complement chemical fertilization with an indicated dose of 300g pot-1 or 60 t ha-1.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20240001

Posicionamento do Departamento de Imagem Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sobre o Uso do Strain Miocárdico na Rotina do Cardiologista – 2023
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Almeida, André Luiz Cerqueira

; Melo, Marcelo Dantas Tavares de

; Bihan, David Costa de Souza Le

; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos

; Pena, José Luiz Barros

; Del Castillo, José Maria

; Abensur, Henry

; Hortegal, Renato de Aguiar

; Otto, Maria Estefania Bosco

; Piveta, Rafael Bonafim

; Dantas, Maria Rosa

; Assef, Jorge Eduardo

; Beck, Adenalva Lima de Souza

; Santo, Thais Harada Campos Espirito

; Silva, Tonnison de Oliveira

; Salemi, Vera Maria Cury

; Rocon, Camila

; Lima, Márcio Silva Miguel

; Barberato, Silvio Henrique

; Rodrigues, Ana Clara

; Rabschkowisky, Arnaldo

; Frota, Daniela do Carmo Rassi

; Gripp, Eliza de Almeida

; Barretto, Rodrigo Bellio de Mattos

; Silva, Sandra Marques e

; Cauduro, Sanderson Antonio

; Pinheiro, Aurélio Carvalho

; Araujo, Salustiano Pereira de

; Tressino, Cintia Galhardo

; Silva, Carlos Eduardo Suaide

; Monaco, Claudia Gianini

; Paiva, Marcelo Goulart

; Fisher, Cláudio Henrique

; Alves, Marco Stephan Lofrano

; Grau, Cláudia R. Pinheiro de Castro

; Santos, Maria Veronica Camara dos

; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto

; Morhy, Samira Saady

; Leal, Gabriela Nunes

; Soares, Andressa Mussi

; Cruz, Cecilia Beatriz Bittencourt Viana

; Guimarães Filho, Fabio Villaça

; Assunção, Bruna Morhy Borges Leal

; Fernandes, Rafael Modesto

; Saraiva, Roberto Magalhães

; Tsutsui, Jeane Mike

; Soares, Fábio Luis de Jesus

; Falcão, Sandra Nívea dos Reis Saraiva

; Hotta, Viviane Tiemi

; Armstrong, Anderson da Costa

; Hygidio, Daniel de Andrade

; Miglioranza, Marcelo Haertel

; Camarozano, Ana Cristina

; Lopes, Marly Maria Uellendahl

; Cerci, Rodrigo Julio

; Siqueira, Maria Eduarda Menezes de

; Torreão, Jorge Andion

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Felix, Alex

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Dez 2023, Volume 120 Nº 12 elocation e20230646

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20230646

Interpopulational genetic diversity in the medically important scorpion Tityus obscurus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from northeastern Brazilian Amazonia
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PARDAL, Pedro Pereira de Oliveira

; COELHO, Johne Souza

; SILVA, Joaquim Martins da

; ALMEIDA, Bruno Rafael Ribeiro

; CHALKIDIS, Hipócrates Menezes

; BORGES, Adolfo

; ISHIKAWA, Edna Aoba Yassui

; DINIZ, Cristovam Guerreiro

; SANTOS-NETO, Guilherme da Cruz

; MELO, Mauro André Damasceno de

Acta Amazonica

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Set 2023, Volume 53 Nº 3 Páginas 215 - 222

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Scorpion envenoming is considered a public health problem in Brazil. A recent study described a variation in the clinical outcome of envenoming by Tityus obscurus in two populations separated by 850 km in the northeastern Amazon region. Our aim was to evaluate whether such clinical and toxinological variations are associated with underlying differences in genetic diversity between these two T. obscurus populations. We obtained DNA from five individuals of each population, in the municipalities of Belém and Santarém, located east and west of the state of Pará, Brazil, respectively. Gene regions encoding mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and ribosomal 16S RNA (16S) were amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inferences (BA) for both molecular data (COI and 16S). The sampled T. obscurus populations corresponded to two distinct mtDNA lineages (genetic distance COI K2 P = 0.08 to 0.13; 16S K2 P = 0.10 to 0.11) with no shared mutations between groups and well supported by ML and BA inferences. Based on the divergence values found between eastern and western populations (COI, 0.07 to 0.12; 16S, 0.10), our study confirms the genetic heterogeneity of T. obscurus populations within the state of Pará, which correlates with observed venom and clinical differences, and reinforces the need for mapping the distribution of haplotypes throughout the geographic range of T. obscurus, to aid in future epidemiological, toxinological, and evolutionary studies.

RESUMO O envenenamento por escorpiões é considerado um problema de saúde pública no Brasil. Um estudo recente descreve a variação do quadro clínico de envenenamento por Tityus obscurus em duas populações separadas por uma distância de 850 km no nordeste da Amazônia. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se tais variações clínicas e toxicológicas estão associadas a diferenças subjacentes na diversidade genética entre essas duas populações de T. obscurus. Obtivemos DNA de cinco indivíduos de cada população nos municípios de Belém e Santarém, localizados a leste e oeste do estado do Pará, Brasil, respectivamente. Regiões gênicas que codificam marcadores de DNA mitocondrial (mtDNA) citocromo oxidase subunidade I (COI) e RNA ribossômico 16S (16S) foram amplificadas e sequenciadas. As análises filogenéticas foram realizadas por máxima verossimilhança (ML) e inferência Bayesiana (BA) para ambos os dados moleculares (COI e 16S). As populações de T. obscurus amostradas corresponderam a duas linhagens distintas de mtDNA (distância genética COI K2 P = 0,08 a 0,13; 16S K2 P = 0,10 a 0,11) sem mutações compartilhadas entre os grupos, e bem corroboradas por inferências ML e BA. Com base nos valores de divergência encontrados entre as populações oriental e ocidental (COI, 0,07 a 0,12; 16S, 0,10), nosso estudo confirma a heterogeneidade genética das populações de T. obscurus no estado do Pará. Os resultados são congruentes com as diferenças observadas no quadro clínico dos acidentes e toxicidade do veneno, e reforçam a necessidade de mapear a distribuição de haplótipos em toda a distribuição geográfica de T. obscurus, para auxiliar em futuros estudos epidemiológicos, toxinológicos e evolutivos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202202441

Dermatological manifestations of hematologic neoplasms. Part II: nonspecific skin lesions/paraneoplastic diseases neoplasms II lesionsparaneoplastic lesions paraneoplastic
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Souza, Patricia Karla de

; Amorim, Rafael Oliveira

; Sousa, Letícia Siqueira

; Batista, Mariana Dias

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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Abr 2023, Volume 98 Nº 2 Páginas 141 - 158

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Cutaneous manifestations occur in the course of hematologic malignancies and precede, accompany or occur late in relation to the diagnosis. They result from paraneoplastic phenomena, tumor infiltrations, immunosuppression resulting from the hematologic disease itself or its treatment. The dermatologist must be aware of these conditions that may be helpful both in the diagnosis of the underlying disease and in reducing patient morbidity. This review (part II) addresses the paraneoplastic dermatological changes associated with systemic hematologic malignancies. precede phenomena infiltrations treatment morbidity part II

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abd.2022.08.005

Dermatological manifestations of hematologic neoplasms. Part I: secondary specific skin lesions neoplasms I
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Souza, Patricia Karla de

; Amorim, Rafael Oliveira

; Sousa, Letícia Siqueira

; Batista, Mariana Dias

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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Fev 2023, Volume 98 Nº 1 Páginas 5 - 12

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Cutaneous manifestations occur during the course of hematologic malignancies and precede, follow, or are late events in relation to the diagnosis. They result from paraneoplastic phenomena, tumor infiltrations, and immunosuppression resulting from the hematologic neoplasia itself or its treatment. The dermatologist must be aware of these conditions, which can help both in the diagnosis of the underlying disease and in the reduction of patient morbidity. This review (part I) addresses skin lesions associated with direct infiltration by systemic hematologic malignancies. precede follow phenomena infiltrations treatment conditions morbidity part I

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abd.2022.06.002

Nutritional, physiological, hematological, and biochemical responses of lambs fed increasing levels of Pornunça silage
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Amorim, Jaíne Santos

; Gois, Glayciane Costa

; Silva, Altiery Felix e

; Santos, Milenna Alves dos

; Figuêiredo, Priscila Izidro de

; Miranda, Juliana Oliveira de

; Rodrigues, Rafael Torres de Souza

; Araújo, Gherman Garcia Leal de

; Voltolini, Tadeu Vinhas

Scientia Agricola

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2023, Volume 80 elocation e20210037

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: Pornunça (Manihot sp.) is a potential forage to feed ruminants in drylands worldwide; however, evaluations of animal diets are necessary. This study assessed intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, physiological responses, ingestive behavior, water intake, as well as hematological and biochemical responses of lambs fed diets containing increasing levels of Pornunça silage (PS) replacing Tifton-85 bermudagrass hay (Cynodon spp.). Treatments consisted of 0, 33, 66, and 100 % PS considering the roughage portion of the diet (% dry matter – DM). The experimental design was completely randomized with six replicates. Cyanide acid (HCN) levels in fresh Pornunça leaves were 207.7 mg kg−1 DM and 76.78 mg kg−1 DM in PS. Intake of DM and crude protein (CP), and neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap) increased linearly with increasing levels of PS in the diet. Digestibility of DM, NDF, and CP were higher with increasing levels of PS. Idle time decreased linearly, while water balance, water intake via food, and total water in feces increased with PS. Nitrogen balance, physiological, and hematological responses were not influenced by treatments, while the final alanine aminotransferase increased for lambs fed all diets evaluated. The PS up to 100 % of the roughage portion increased DM and nutrient intake and digestibility without altering physiological responses and the hematological and biochemical parameters, resulting in greater water intake via food.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2021-0037

Performance and meat quality of Label Rouge chickens at different slaughter ages
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Faria, Peter Bitencourt

; Geraldo, Adriano

; Oliveira, Giulia Piva

; Marçal, Joanna Oliveira

; Miranda, José Rafael

; Moreira, Larissa Faria Silveira

; Almeida, Alexander Alexandre de

; Camargos, Rosiane de Souza

Ciência Rural

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2023, Volume 53 Nº 4 elocation e20210616

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os parâmetros de desempenho e as características de carcaça e qualidade da carne de frangos Label Rouge criados em sistema alternativo em função do aumento da idade de abate. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado (DIC) disposto em esquema fatorial (2x5), sendo dois sexos (macho e fêmea) e cinco idades de abate (70, 90, 120, 150 e 180 dias). Foram utilizadas 240 aves (Pescoço Pelado), sendo 120 fêmeas e 120 machos, sendo avaliados os parâmetros de desempenho, carcaça, físico-químicos, composição centesimal e fibra muscular. Com o aumento no tempo de produção houve efeitos dos períodos de produção e sexo em relação a variáveis de desempenho, com melhores resultados para os machos. Para os parâmetros de carcaça e físico-químicos, houve interação entre sexo e idade de abate, revelando comportamento diferenciado para machos e fêmeas com aumento da idade de abate. Para a composição centesimal e análise das fibras musculares, somente para extrato etéreo no peito foi verificado interação entre os fatores estudados. O aumento da idade proporcionou a obtenção de frangos com maiores pesos vivos e de carcaça ao abate com consequente redução dos índices de desempenho, além de menor rendimento de carcaça e maior deposição de gordura abdominal nas fêmeas. As fêmeas apresentam menor maciez na coxa e os machos no peito com aumento da idade de abate e, em ambos os cortes, ocorreu maior intensificação da cor, índice de vermelho e redução do brilho a partir de 90 dias ou em maiores idades de abate.

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the performance parameters, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of Label Rouge chickens raised under an alternative system as a function of age at slaughter. The design was completely randomized with a 5×2 factorial arrangement, with slaughtering at five ages (70, 90, 120, 150, and 180 days) and two sexes. A total of 240 birds (Pescoço Pelado strain) were used, including 120 females and 120 males. Performance, carcass, physicochemical, proximate composition, and muscle fiber traits were evaluated. Rearing time and sex had significant effects on performance-related traits, with better results for males. The interaction between slaughter age and sex had a significant effect on the carcass and physicochemical parameters, which cause different responses in males and females with increasing slaughter age. For the proximate composition and muscle fiber analysis, the interaction between the parameters studied only had a significant effect on ether extract in the breast. The increase in age resulted in chickens with higher live and carcass weight at slaughter but lower performance indices. Females had lower carcass yield and greater deposition of abdominal fat. Females had lower tenderness in the drumstick and males in the breast with increasing slaughter age, and both cuts had more intense color and redness and reduced lightness starting at the slaughter age of 90 days.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210616

Associated factors and treatment options for sleep bruxism in children: an umbrella review
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SCARPINI, Samanta

; LIRA, Adriana de Oliveira

; GIMENEZ, Thais

; RAGGIO, Daniela Prócida

; CHAMBRONE, Leandro

; SOUZA, Rafael Celestino de

; FLORIANO, Isabela

; MORIMOTO, Susana

; TEDESCO, Tamara Kerber

Brazilian Oral Research

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2023, Volume 37 elocation e006

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Data on clinical management options for sleep bruxism in the primary dentition are inconclusive. This umbrella review aimed to synthesize the available evidence from systematic reviews (SRs) on the associated factors and treatment approaches for clinical management of sleep bruxism in children. A search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and OpenGrey databases up to March 2022. SRs published on sleep bruxism in children containing data on associated factors or treatment outcomes were included. The AMSTAR-2 tool was used to assess the methodological quality of SRs. The search identified 444 articles, of which six were included. Sleep conditions, respiratory changes, personality traits, and psychosocial factors were the associated factors commonly identified. Treatments included psychological and pharmacological therapies, occlusal devices, physical therapy, and surgical therapy. All SRs included presented a high risk of bias. Overlapping of the included studies was considered very high. The best evidence available to date for the management of sleep bruxism in children is based on associated factors, with sleep duration and conditions, respiratory changes, as well as personality traits and psychosocial factors being the most important factors commonly reported by studies. However, there is currently insufficient evidence to make recommendations for specific treatment options.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0006

10.

Improvement of the properties of hardboard with heat treatment application
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Costa, Laíze Jorge da

; Paula, Edgley Alves de Oliveira

; Melo, Rafael Rodolfo de

; Scatolino, Mario Vanoli

; Albuquerque, Felipe Bento de

; Oliveira, Ramona Rodrigues Amaro de

; Souza, Joana Alice Galdino de

; Silva, Ana Karla Vieira da

; Santos, Márcia Ellen Chagas dos

; Rodolfo Junior, Francisco

Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)

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2023, Volume 28 Nº 1 elocation e20220291

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The attempt to face the limitations of wood-based materials, especially concerning the relationship with water, is still a considerable gap in research on this subject. The present work proposes the accomplishment of thermal treatment in fiberboard-type hardboard, using different temperatures and times, to evaluate the effect on the physical-mechanical properties. The parameters of the heat treatment were temperatures of 120 and 160 °C and times of 20 and 40 min. The hardboards were individually heat treated in a kiln. The characterization was performed from physical tests such as bulk density, moisture content, water absorption (2 and 24 h), thickness swelling (2 and 24 h); and mechanical properties of flexural strength. The treatment with a temperature of 160 °C for 40 min showed the lowest values of water absorption in 24 h (34%). Thickness swelling was lower compared to control, for all the treatments applied. Regarding flexural strength, the treatment that adopted the 160 °C for 20 min showed the highest MOR value (26.3 MPa). In general, the performance of heat treatments positively influenced the physical and mechanical properties of the hardboards, being an interesting alternative in the development of products for applications in internal environments.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-7076-rmat-2022-0291

11.

Leptospira interrogans insoluble fraction as a potential antigen source for lateral flow immunochromatography
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Campos, Hevandro de Souza

; Silva, Edimilson Domingos da

; Lima, Gerson Silva de

; Resende, Rafael de Oliveira

; Burth, Patricia

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2023, Volume 118 elocation e220265

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonosis that affects humans and animals. Immunochromatography rapid test is widely used for early diagnosis of leptospirosis, but with low sensitivity and specificity. OBJECTIVES To evaluate Leptospira interrogans insoluble fraction as a potential antigen source for lateral flow immunochromatography. METHODS Insoluble fraction derived from the crude bacterial extract was obtained by serial centrifugation. The polypeptide profile was determined using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Immune reactivity of this fraction was assessed by Western Blotting and lateral flow immunochromatography (LFI). It was tested 160 microagglutination test (MAT)-positive sera from patients in the acute phase, 100 MAT-negative sera from patients with acute febrile illness, and 45 patients with other infectious diseases. FINDINGS There was a predominance of low molecular mass-polypeptide bands, ranging from 2 to 37 kDa. The antibody reactivity of theses polypeptides was found to range from 13-50%, especially between 10 and 38 kDa. Among MAT-positive sera of patients with leptospirosis in the acute phase, 97% were also positive in LFI, indicating high sensitivity. Among MAT-negative sera, all were negative in LFI, indicating high specificity. Only 2% of cross-reactivity was detected. CONCLUSION The insoluble fraction can be a valuable antigen source for development of point-of-care diagnosis test for leptospirosis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220265

12.

Impact of reference diet composition on apparent digestibility coefficients of two protein-rich ingredients in Nile tilapia
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Silva, Maria Fernanda Oliveira da

; Romaneli, Rafael de Souza

; Mussoi, Luis Felipe

; Masagounder, Karthik

; Fracalossi, Débora Machado

Scientia Agricola

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2023, Volume 80 elocation e20220189

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Protein quality is related to amino acid composition and digestibility. Accurate evaluation of apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of nutrients in commonly used feedstuffs is paramount for formulating efficient aquafeed. ADCs of soybean meal (SBM) and poultry by-product meal (PBM) were evaluated using reference diets formulated with two types of ingredients (semi-purified [SP] and practical [P]) for juvenile Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus) of the GIFT strain. Groups of 20 juveniles (65.05 ± 12.37 g) were fed twice a day to apparent satiety with one of the four experimental diets (SBM-SP, SBM-P, PBM-SP, and PBM-P) in quadruplicate for 30 days. After the last feeding, feces were collected by siphoning hourly and the ADCs of dry matter, protein, and amino acids (AAs) were calculated. Nile tilapia exhibited a high capacity to digest SBM and PBM, with most ADCs exceeding 90 %. The type of reference diet affected the ADCs of protein and AAs on the test ingredients, with the SP reference diet providing the highest ADC, mainly in SBM. Digestibility data generated with a P-type reference diet demonstrated more practical relevance than those generated with an SP-type reference diet. They can be applied in digestibility studies for Nile tilapia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2022-0189

13.

Canine visceral leishmaniasis: risk factors and spatial analysis in an endemic area of Northeastern Brazil
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Silva, Samuel Souza

; Macedo, Lucia Oliveira de

; Oliveira, Jéssica Cardoso Pessoa de

; Alves, Leucio Câmara

; Carvalho, Gílcia Aparecida de

; Ramos, Rafael Antonio Nascimento

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2023, Volume 32 Nº 2 elocation e003223

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Canine visceral leishmaniasis is a disease caused by the protozoon Leishmania infantum, an important agent of zoonotic concern. In this study we determined the seroprevalence, risk factors and spatial distribution of infection by L. infantum among dogs in the Pajeú microregion of the Sertão region of Pernambuco, Brazil. Canine serum samples (n = 247) were tested using the Dual Path Platform (DPP®) rapid screening test and ELISA/S7® confirmatory test; and risk factors were assessed through univariate analysis and logistical regression. The spatial distribution of reactive dogs was analyzed by drawing a map using QGIS. Seroprevalence of 13.7% (34/247) was detected, with cases predominating in the municipality of Tabira (26.4%; 9/34). Age above 10 years was considered to be a risk factor associated with the presence of anti-L. infantum antibodies. The high overall prevalence and spatial distribution of positive cases showed wide dispersion of reagents dogs in the study area. Therefore, preventive measures are needed in order to reduce the risk of infection for animals and humans.

Resumo Leishmaniose Visceral Canina é uma doença causada pelo protozoário Leishmania infantum, importante agente zoonótico. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a soroprevalência, avaliar os fatores de risco e a distribuição espacial da infecção por L. infantum em cães da microrregião do Pajeú, Sertão de Pernambuco, Brasil. Amostras de soro canino (n=247) foram testadas (“Dual Path Platform Rapid Test” - TR DPP® (triagem); ELISA/S7 (confirmatório)), e os fatores de risco avaliados por meio de análise univariada e regressão logística. A distribuição espacial dos cães reagentes foi analisada por meio de mapas confeccionados no programa QGIS. Detectou-se soroprevalência de 13,7% (34/247), com predominância dos casos no município de Tabira (26,4%; 9/34). A idade acima de 10 anos foi considerada fator de risco associado à presença de anticorpos anti-L. infantum. A alta prevalência e distribuição espacial dos casos positivos revelou ampla dispersão de cães reagentes na área de estudo. Portanto, medidas preventivas são necessárias a fim de reduzir o risco de infecção para os animais e humanos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612023029

14.

Chronic exposure to lipopolysaccharides as an in vitro model to simulate the impaired odontogenic potential of dental pulp cells under pulpitis conditions
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MENDES SOARES, Igor Paulino

; ANSELMI, Caroline

; PIRES, Maria Luiza Barucci Araujo

; RIBEIRO, Rafael Antonio de Oliveira

; LEITE, Maria Luísa

; SOARES, Diana Gabriela

; DE SOUZA COSTA, Carlos Alberto

; HEBLING, Josimeri

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2023, Volume 31 elocation e20230032

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Simulating a bacterial-induced pulpitis environment in vitro may contribute to exploring mechanisms and bioactive molecules to counteract these adverse effects. Objective To investigate the chronic exposure of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) aiming to establish a cell culture protocol to simulate the impaired odontogenic potential under pulpitis conditions. Methodology HDPCs were isolated from four healthy molars of different donors and seeded in culture plates in a growth medium. After 24 h, the medium was changed to an odontogenic differentiation medium (DM) supplemented or not with E. coli LPS (0 - control, 0.1, 1, or 10 µg/mL) (n=8). The medium was renewed every two days for up to seven days, then replaced with LPS-free DM for up to 21 days. The activation of NF-κB and F-actin expression were assessed (immunofluorescence) after one and seven days. On day 7, cells were evaluated for both the gene expression (RT-qPCR) of odontogenic markers (COL1A1, ALPL, DSPP, and DMP1) and cytokines (TNF, IL1B, IL8, and IL6) and the production of reactive nitrogen (Griess) and oxygen species (Carboxy-H2DCFDA). Cell viability (alamarBlue) was evaluated weekly, and mineralization was assessed (Alizarin Red) at 14 and 21 days. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and post-hoc tests (α=5%). Results After one and seven days of exposure to LPS, NF-κB was activated in a dose-dependent fashion. LPS at 1 and 10 µg/mL concentrations down-regulated the gene expression of odontogenic markers and up-regulated cytokines. LPS at 10 µg/mL increased both the production of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species. LPS decreased cell viability seven days after the end of exposure. LPS at 1 and 10 µg/mL decreased hDPCs mineralization in a dose-dependent fashion. Conclusion The exposure to 10 µg/mL LPS for seven days creates an inflammatory environment that is able to impair by more than half the odontogenic potential of HDPCs in vitro, simulating a pulpitis-like condition.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0032

15.

Effects of local and remote ischemic postconditioning methods on ischemiareperfusion injury in a young animal model of acute mesenteric ischemia
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Abreu, Mateus Souza

; Tannuri, Ana Cristina Aoun

; Rodrigues, Rafael Felipe Gonçalves

; Silva, Rafael José da

; Gonçalves, Josiane de Oliveira

; Serafini, Suellen

; Tannuri, Uenis

Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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2023, Volume 38 elocation e381323

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a condition in pediatric surgery that ranges from intestine necrosis to death. Ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) methods were developed to reduce the damage caused by revascularization. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of these methods in an experimental weaning rat model. Methods: Thirty-two 21-day-old Wistar rats were allocated into four groups according to the surgical procedure performed: control, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), local (LIPoC) and remote IPoC (RIPoC). At euthanasia, fragments of the intestine, liver, lungs, and kidneys were submitted to histological, histomorphometric, and molecular analyses. Results: In the duodenum, intestines, and kidneys histological alterations promoted by IRI were reversed by remote postconditioning method. In the distal ileum, the histomorphometric alterations could be reversed by the postconditioning methods with more evident effects promoted by the remote method. The molecular analysis found that the levels of expression of Bax (proapoptotic) and Bcl-XL (antiapoptotic) genes in the intestine were increased by IRI. These alterations were equally reversed by the postconditioning methods, with more evident effects of the remote method. Conclusions: IPoC methods positively reduced the damage caused by IRI in weaning rats.

https://doi.org/10.1590/acb381323

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