Abstract Given the scarcity of studies with elderly and the existence of studies investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation in PEH (post exercise hypotension), this study evaluated the effect of a single megadose of vitamin D on resting blood pressure (RBP) and post-exercise hypotension (PEH) in the elderly. 11 hypertensive elderly women (70.3 ± 1.7 years) received a single megadose of 200.000 IU of cholecalciferol or a placebo, orally, through capsules. On day 7, the subjects performed 30 minutes of aerobic exercise with blood pressure measurement before exercise and every 10 minutes after exercise during 60 minutes, besides cardiac autonomic modulation. RBP did not significantly change. Exercise promoted significant systolic PEH only in one moment post exercise in treated group and in the placebo group promoted significant systolic PEH at four moments. Significant diastolic PEH did not occur in any of the groups. Sympathovagal activity increased at post exercise balance in supplemented subjects at 20 min, 40 min, 50 min and 60 min when compared to rest; this increase was not observed in the placebo. A megadose of vitamin D did not reduce RBP, promoted partial inhibition of systolic PEH and increased sympathovagal balance.

OBJETIVO: Analisar medidas tomadas para aumentar a dose de radiação absorvida (DOSE) durante o tratamento do carcinoma diferenciado da tireóide (CDT) com iodo-131. MÉTODOS: As abordagens para aumentar a DOSE na radioiodoterapia são: redução da competição com iodo não-radioativo, estímulo da captação/retenção celular e aumento da atividade administrada. Revisaram-se os fundamentos e resultados de cada um destes métodos. RESULTADOS: Apesar de ser difícil confirmar aumento de sobrevida, existe relação direta entre a DOSE e a resposta no CDT. Diferentes abordagens permitem o aumento da DOSE nos tecidos, inferindo-se uma possível melhora na resposta dos tumores ao tratamento com iodo-131. Apesar do prognóstico relativamente benigno da doença, a melhoria da resposta é importante nos casos de alto risco, em que as alternativas de tratamento são limitadas. CONCLUSÕES: As intervenções descritas permitem aumentar a DOSE durante o tratamento do CDT, podendo ser empregadas para casos de alto risco.

OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to analyze measures taken to increase the radiation absorbed dose (DOSE) during treatment of well-differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with iodine-131. METHODS: An increase in DOSE is achieved by: avoiding competition with non-radioactive iodine, stimulating cellular uptake/retention, increasing the administered activity. Basis and results of each one of these methods were reviewed. RESULTS: Although it is difficult to demonstrate an increase in survival, there is a direct relation between DOSE and tumoral response in DTC. Different approaches can be used aiming an increase in DOSE, with a possible improvement in tumoral response for treatment with iodine-131. Although DTC is a relatively benign disease, a better response to treatment is highly desirable in high-risk patients, who have few other options of therapy. CONCLUSIONS: An increase in DOSE during treatment of DTC can be achieved using the described interventions, which should be used in high-risk cases of DTC.

A gravidez acompanha-se de modificações fisiológicas bem conhecidas nos compartimentos hídricos e energéticos maternos, que se somam a hipertrofias orgânicas e ao aparecimento de um bloco feto-placentário. Conseqüentemente, a composição corporal sofre alterações, porém poucos estudos têm documentado tal fenômeno. O advento da bioimpedância favoreceu a obtenção das informações desejadas de forma prática e segura. OBJETIVOS. Foram os propósitos deste trabalho: registrar as principais variáveis antropométricas numa população de gestantes de termo; determinar as medidas de composição corpórea pela bioimpedância; comparar esses achados com os primeiros, assim como com outras metodologias relatadas na literatura. PACIENTES E MÉTODO. A população consistiu de 30 gestantes de termo admitidas no período pré-parto, sem complicações, sofrimento fetal ou gravidez múltipla, e submetidas às seguintes mensurações: Antropometria - Peso, altura, índice de massa corporal, prega cutânea do tríceps, circunferência muscular do braço; Bioimpedância - Gordura corporal, massa magra, água total, água intra e extracelular, terceiro espaço e relação sódio/potássio permutável. RESULTADOS. Observaram-se valores de peso corporal e índice de massa corporal aumentados, porém inteiramente compatíveis com a situação fisiológica das gestantes. A água corpórea total situava-se na mesma faixa percentual de mulheres não-grávidas, tal como já suspeitado por outros autores, porém com indícios de expansão do extracelular e formação de terceiro espaço. A massa gorda elevou-se, porém, também em proporções não muito diferentes do relatado anteriormente em levantamentos antropométricos. CONCLUSÕES. Nas condições do presente trabalho, em que uma equação de bioimpedância para uso geral foi aplicada, o método demonstrou resultados compatíveis com as informações clínicas disponíveis, as verificações antropométricas e os registros de outros investigadores. Conclui-se que a impedância bioelétrica é um procedimento de avaliação promissor na gravidez, justificando estudos ulteriores com esta metodologia.

BACKGROUND. Pregnancy is associated with well-known physiologic changes of maternal fluid and energy compartments, along with organ hypertrophies and the appearance of fetal and placental tissues. As a consequence, body composition is modified, but this phenomenon has not been well documented. The advent of bioimpedance has contributed to the documentation of the desired information in a safe and practical way. AIMS. The aims of this study were: To register the principal anthropometric variables in a population of pregnant women at term; To determine body composition by bioimpedance analysis; To compare these findings with the former results, as well as with other assessment procedures reported in the literature. PATIENTS AND MATHODS. The population consisted of 30 pregnant women at term admitted for delivery, without complications, fetal distress or multiple pregnancy, and submitted to the following measurements: Anthropometry - Weight, height, body mass index, triceps skinfold, arm muscle circumference; Bioimpedance analysis - Body fat, lean body mass, total water, intra and extracellular water, third space, and exchangeable Na/K ratio. RESULTS. Body weight and body mass index were increased but within the expected values for these patients. Total body water was similar to results in non-pregnant women when expressed as percentage, in accordance with other studies, but with a trend toward increase in the extracellular compartment and presence of third space fluid. Body fat was elevated, but the proportions were not much different from previous anthropometric surveys. CONCLUSIONS. In the conditions of this investigation, in which a bioimpedance equation for general use was employed, the method indicated results that were consistent with the clinical course, anthropometric documentation, and the findings of other groups. It is concluded that bioimpedance analysis compares favorably with other assessment procedures in pregnancy, and further studies with this method should be undertaken.