Abstract: In El Bajo Papaloapan, the main producing area of pineapple of Mexico, leaves with typical symptoms of viral infection consisting in chlorosis, flaccidity, reduced growth and reddening were collected. By RT-PCR with specific primers for the hsp70 gene and subsequent sequencing were detected Pineapple mealybug wilt virus associated-virus 1 (PMWaV-1) and Pineapple mealybug wilt virus associated-3 (PMWaV-3). From the sequences obtained a tree was done with sequences from different regions of the world available in GenBank in order to know their similarity. The sequence obtained from the Mexican isolate PMWaV-1 was genetically related to the sequences of isolates from Cuba, Taiwan, Thailand and Hawaii and more distant from the Australian isolate. The sequence obtained for the Mexican isolate PMWaV-3 was more related to isolates from Hawaii, Cuba, Australia and Taiwan and more distant from the Thailand isolate. This is the first report of the presence of these two viruses in Mexico.

Resumen: En El Bajo Papaloapan, principal zona productora de piña, se colectaron hojas con síntomas de clorosis, flacidez, reducción del crecimiento y enrojecimiento foliar típicos de infecciones virales en este cultivo. Mediante RT-PCR con indicadores específicos para el gen hsp70 y posterior secuenciación, fueron detectados los virus Pineapple mealybug wilt associated-virus 1 (PMWaV-1) y Pineapple mealybug wilt associated-virus 3 (PMWaV-3). A partir de las secuencias obtenidas se construyó un árbol con secuencias procedentes de diferentes regiones del mundo disponibles en el GenBank para determinar su similitud. La secuencia obtenida del aislamiento mexicano del PMWaV-1 resultó ser más próxima genéticamente a secuencias de aislamientos procedentes de Cuba, Taiwán, Tailandia y Hawai y más distante del aislamiento australiano. La secuencia obtenida para el aislamiento mexicano del PMWaV-3 se encontró más relacionada con los aislamientos de Hawai, Cuba, Australia y Taiwán y más distante del aislamiento tailandés. Este es el primer reporte de la presencia de estos dos virus en México.

A coleção cubana de abacaxi representa a diversidade genética de abacaxis cultivados no país e inclui importantes genótipos das coleções do Brasil e da Martinica. A coleção foi previamente caracterizada com descritores morfológicos, faltando ainda a sua caracterização molecular. Com este objetivo foram analisados 56 genótipos de Ananas comosus e um de Bromelia pinguin com 191 marcadores AFLP. O dendograma baseado nos resultados do AFLP e que representa as relações genéticas entre esses genótipos revelou baixa diversidade genética da coleção cubana de abacaxi. Todos os genótipos de Ananas comosus, as quais foram obtidos de agricultores das diversas regiões de Cuba, foram agrupados em distâncias menores de 0.20. Observou-se que a caracterização molecular da coleção está de acordo com a classificação morfológica feita previamente. O resultado é útil para os propósitos de melhoramento e conservação.

The Cuban pineapple germplasm collection represents the genetic diversity of pineapple cultivated in that country and includes other important genotypes obtained from the germplasm collections in Brazil and Martinique. The collection has previously been characterized with morphological descriptors but a molecular characterization has been lacking. With this aim, 56 six genotypes of A. comosus and one of Bromelia pinguin were analyzed with a total of 191 AFLP markers. A dendrogram that represents the genetic relationships between these samples based on the AFLP results showed a low level of diversity in the Cuban pineapple collection. All Ananas comosus accessions, being the majority obtained from farmers in different regions in Cuba, are grouped at distances lower than 0.20. Molecular characterization was in line with morphological characterization. These results are useful for breeding and conservation purposes.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of rates and applications of Fruitone CPA (acid 2-3 clorofenoxi -propionic) over maturity delay, yield and quality of the pineapple fruit in spring time. The experiment was carried out in the Campo Experimental Papaloapan (INIFAP), in Veracruz State, Mexico. It was established with the cv. Smooth Cayenne, in randomized blocks, design with four replicates; totalizing nine treatments including, the control: 300, 600, 900 and 1200 mL of Fruitone CPA per hectare in one application and 600, 900, 1500 and 2100 mL per hectare of Fruitone CPA splited into two equal applications separated by eight days. The treatments were applied 135 days after the flower induction and 65 days before the harvest of the control. The results shown a highly significant effect of the Fruitone upon the fruit weight, though there were not differences due to applications; the citric acid content and the total soluble solids in fruits increased with Fruitone. Neither cracked fruits nor marbling disease were presented in any treatment. The maturity was delayed from 6 to 21 days by the control, varying with the dose. It is concluded that the best treatment was 900 mL of Fruitone CPA per hectare, in one application, which increased 14% the fruit weight and delayed the harvest in 19 days.

El objetivo fue determinar el efecto de dosis y número de aplicaciones de Fruitone CPA (ácido 2-3 clorofenoxi-propiónico) en el retraso de la maduración, rendimiento y calidad del fruto de piña en el periodo de primavera. El experimento se llevó al cabo en el Campo Experimental Papaloapan, del INIFAP, en Veracruz, México. Se estableció con el cv. Cayena Lisa de México, en un diseño de bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones; los tratamientos fueron nueve, incluido el testigo sin aplicación, 300, 600, 900 y 1200 mL por hectárea en una aplicación y 600, 900, 1500 y 2100 mL por hectárea divididas en dos aplicaciones iguales, espaciadas ocho días, de Fruitone CPA; los tratamientos se establecieron a los 135 días después de la inducción floral, a 65 días antes de la cosecha del testigo. Los resultados muestran un alto y significativo efecto del Fruitone en el peso de la fruta, aunque no hubo diferencias entre el número de aplicaciones; el contenido de ácido cítrico y los sólidos solubles totales se incrementaron con la aplicación del Fruitone. No se presentaron frutos agrietados ni con Mancha Café interna en ningún tratamiento. El retraso de la cosecha con respecto al testigo varió desde los seis hasta los 21 días, en función de la dosis. Se concluye que el mejor tratamiento fue el de 900 mL de Fruitone CPA por hectárea, en una sola aplicación, el cual incrementó el peso del fruto en un 14% y retrasó la cosecha 19 días.