ABSTRACT Introduction Clitoroplasty constitutes an important step in feminizing surgery for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) ( 1 ). In this video we present a technique that aims to preserve clitoral sensitivity and engorgement while minimizing the risk of neurovascular lesion. Materials and methods We present a video of a three-year-old girl with history of CAH classical form, PRADER-III, who underwent clitoroplasty. After an initial endoscopic evaluation of the urogenital sinus, the clitoris was degloved and a rectangular incision was made on the ventral corpora cavernosa 15mm above the corpora bifurcation and 0.5 mm below the coronal sulcus. The cavernous tissue was partially resected. The upper and lower borders of the rectangular gap were closed by a 5-0 PDS running suture similar to the Mikulicz technique. Next, the edge of the glans was deepithelialized to reduce its size. For improved clitoral positioning, the clitoris was sutured to the pubic fat. From that point onward the procedure followed that of a standard vaginoplasty using the en-bloc technique ( 2 - 4 ). Thus far we have performed this technique in 33 patients, with 31 of them being girls with CAH and 2 being women with clitoral hypertrophy. Conclusion Corporoplasty is a simplified technique for clitoroplasty, with the advantage being that is faster and safer than the technique that involves the dissection of the neurovascular bundle. In addition, corporoplasty has the possible benefit of preserving the cavernosal blood flow that permits the engorgement of the clitoris during sexual arousal.

A new fluorophore containing 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole unit with alkylated tetrazole terminal groups as electron donors connected through a π-conjugated system of the type (D-π-A-π-D) was synthesized using the Sonogashira coupling reaction with good yields. The genotoxicity of the two intermediate compounds and the final product was evaluated in vitro in consideration of the potential application of the new compound in the chemical production of photovoltaic paints. The new fluorophore did not show significant biological effects in the cell viability test and the comet assay when compared with the intermediate compounds that were obtained synthetically despite the ability to interact with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as demonstrated in circular dichroism assays. Thus, the compound does not show toxic or genotoxic activity, and therefore, it can be applied as a pigment in photovoltaic paint.

O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar as características da carcaça de bezerros holandeses terminados em confinamento ou em pastagem com suplementação e abatidos com diferentes pesos de abate. Os animais confinados foram alimentados com volumoso e concentrado comercial, na proporção de 40:60, sendo a silagem de milho utilizada como volumoso. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2x4 (dois sistemas de terminação x quatro pesos de abate). Os animais foram abatidos à medida que atingiam os pesos de abate pré-determinados (140, 180, 220 e 260kg). O sistema de acabamento não teve influência sobre o peso e rendimento de carcaça quente e fria e as perdas de carcaça, mas os animais confinados apresentaram maior espessura de gordura. Animais confinados apresentaram melhor conformação, comparados com os terminados em pastagem. À medida que aumentou o peso de abate, houve crescimento linear para peso de carcaça quente e fria, rendimento de carcaça quente e fria, conformação, medidas métricas e peso dos cortes comerciais da carcaça. O percentual do corte traseiro decresceu com o aumento do peso de abate, enquanto que a espessura de gordura apresentou resposta quadrática. Os sistemas de abate apresentaram rendimento de carcaça semelhante. As características da carcaça melhoram com o aumento do peso de abate, mas, em percentagem, são semelhantes

In order to evaluate the effect of the different percentages of zebu blood in the genotype of crossbred steers on carcass traits, a meta-analysis was carried out, using 30 studies conducted in Brazil that have been published since the year 2000. The parameters evaluated were hot carcass weight (221 estimates), cold carcass weight (232), hot carcass (236) and cold carcass yield (223), subcutaneous fat thickness (238) and the percentages of saw cut (233), forequarter (234) and sidecut (246 estimates). Initially, exploratory analysis was performed for each of the variables for detection of publication vices through the dispersion of observations by pointing out the outliers eliminated. Normality tests were normal and the data were subjected to analysis of variance for the regression study, which were assessed to the third degree. Weights of hot carcass and cold carcass, hot and cold carcass yield and the percentage of saw cut had a quadratic effect on animals with the presence of zebu blood, indicating superiority of crossbred animals. The regression equation showed that 66; 50; 72; 81 and 59% of zebu in crossbred animals showed higher hot and cold carcass weight, hot and cold carcass percentage and saw cut, respectively. Fat thickness was not influenced by the degree of zebu in the genotype. The percentage of forequarter has a positive response by increasing the degree of zebu in the genotype, while the sidecut has a negative answer. The crossbreeding between zebu and European breeds provides carcasses with better quality than purebred animals.

Esse trabalho teve por objetivo caracterizar o sistema produtivo da cultura do milho no sudoeste do Paraná, para subsidiar programas de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, além de transferência de tecnologias regionais. A pesquisa foi realizada durante os anos de 2007 e 2008, sendo baseada na aplicação de um questionário para 305 produtores de milho e residentes em alguns municípios da região sudoeste do Paraná. Os questionários possuíam questões referentes às características do manejo da cultura e sobre a propriedade rural. Verificou-se que muitos agricultores não realizam todas as práticas adequadas de manejo, necessárias para um desenvolvimento sustentável da cultura do milho. Os principais manejos que interferem na produção de milho são a deficiência hídrica e controle de plantas daninhas, pragas e doenças. Como aspectos positivos aparece a aquisição de sementes certificadas pela maioria dos agricultores; porém, o nível tecnológico não acompanha as exigências genéticas das bases genéticas dos híbridos mais escolhidos pelos agricultores. Contudo, os agricultores estão interessados na realização de cursos de capacitação e na integração com a Universidade e com os órgãos de extensão.

The objective of this work was to characterize the corn production system in Southwestern Paraná, to assist Research & Development programs, as well as regional technology transfer. The study was carried out in the years 2007 and 2008, based on questionnaire applications to 305 corn producers and residents in the Southwestern region of Paraná State. Questionnaires had questions on crop management and farm characteristics. It was found that many farmers do not carry out all the appropriate management practices needed for a sustainable development of the corn crop.. The main management practices affecting corn production are water deficit and control of weed, pests and diseases. On the positive side, most farmers buy certified seeds, but the technological level does not meet the requirements of the genetic basis of the selected hybrids. However, the farmers are interested in taking training courses and in participating in programs with the University and research and extension agencies.