Pesquisa | SciELO

Resumo As montanhas de Liupan são uma região importante na China no contexto de cobertura florestal e vegetação devido às enormes práticas de florestamento e plantação, que trouxeram mudanças nas propriedades físico-químicas do solo, e estoques e estequiometrias do solo raramente são compreendidos. O estudo visa explorar a distribuição de nutrientes do solo a 1 m de profundidade do solo na região da floresta plantada. As amostras de solo em cinco incrementos de profundidade (0-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80 e 80-100 cm) foram coletadas e analisadas para diferentes características físico-químicas do solo. Os resultados mostraram uma variação significativa nos valores de densidade do solo (BD), porosidade do solo, pH, capacidade de troca catiônica (CEC) e condutividade elétrica (CE). Mais DB do solo (1,41 g cm-3) e pH (6,97) do solo foram observados na camada profunda do solo (80-100 cm), enquanto os maiores valores de porosidade (60,6%), CE (0,09 mS cm-1) e CEC (32,9 c mol kg-1) foram refletidos na camada superior do solo (0-20 cm). Da mesma forma, os maiores teores de carbono orgânico do solo (SOC), fósforo total (TP), fósforo disponível (AP), nitrogênio total (TN) e potássio disponível (AK) foram calculados na camada superficial do solo (0-20 cm). Com o aumento do incremento da profundidade do solo, uma tendência decrescente no SOC e na concentração de outros nutrientes foi encontrada, enquanto o potássio total do solo (TK) produziu uma correlação negativa com a profundidade da camada do solo. Todos os resultados produziram a distribuição de SOCs e TNs (estoques) em várias profundidades de solo em padrões de floresta 0 → 20cm> 20 → 40cm> 40 → 60cm ≥ 60 → 80cm ≥ 80 → 100 cm. Além disso, as relações estequiométricas de C, N e P, as relações C / P e N / P, apresentaram valores máximos (66,49 e 5,46) em 0-20 cm, e valores mais baixos (23,78 e 1,91) em solo de 80-100 cm profundidade da camada. Embora a relação C / N fosse estatisticamente semelhante em todo o perfil do solo (0-100 cm). Esses resultados destacaram que os incrementos de profundidade do solo podem ser amplamente atribuídos a flutuações nas propriedades físico-químicas do solo, estoques e estequiometrias do solo. Mais estudos são necessários para tirar conclusões adicionais sobre a dinâmica dos nutrientes, estoques de solo e estequiometria do solo nessas florestas.

Abstract Liupan Mountains are an important region in China in the context of forest cover and vegetation due to huge afforestation and plantation practices, which brought changes in soil physio-chemical properties, soil stocks, and soil stoichiometries are rarely been understood. The study aims to explore the distribution of soil nutrients at 1-m soil depth in the plantation forest region. The soil samples at five depth increments (0-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80, and 80-100 cm) were collected and analyzed for different soil physio-chemical characteristics. The results showed a significant variation in soil bulk density (BD), soil porosity, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and electric conductivity (EC) values. More soil BD (1.41 g cm-3) and pH (6.97) were noticed in the deep soil layer (80-100 cm), while the highest values of porosity (60.6%), EC (0.09 mS cm-1), and CEC (32.9 c mol kg-1) were reflected in the uppermost soil layer (0-20 cm). Similarly, the highest contents of soil organic carbon (SOC), total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP), total nitrogen (TN), and available potassium (AK) were calculated in the surface soil layer (0-20 cm). With increasing soil depth increment a decreasing trend in the SOC and other nutrient concentration were found, whereas the soil total potassium (TK) produced a negative correlation with soil layer depth. The entire results produced the distribution of SOCs and TNs (stocks) at various soil depths in forestland patterns were 0→20cm > 20→40cm > 40→60cm ≥ 60→80cm ≥ 80→100 cm. Furthermore, the stoichiometric ratios of C, N, and P, the C/P, and N/P ratios showed maximum values (66.49 and 5.46) in 0-20 cm and lowest values (23.78 and 1.91) in 80-100 cm soil layer depth. Though the C/N ratio was statistically similar across the whole soil profile (0-100 cm). These results highlighted that the soil depth increments might largely be attributed to fluctuations in soil physio-chemical properties, soil stocks, and soil stoichiometries. Further study is needed to draw more conclusions on nutrient dynamics, soil stocks, and soil stoichiometry in these forests.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.256565

m 6A RNA Methylation Decreases Atherosclerotic Vulnerable Plaque Through Inducing T Cells
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Qi, Chunmei

; Li, Haoran

; Yu, Yongshu

; Hao, Ji

; Zhang, Hao

; Wang, Lele

; Jin, Jingjing

; Zhou, Qiang

; Hu, Ya

; Zhang, Chengmeng

; Zhang, Qingdui

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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Fev 2023, Volume 38 Nº 1 Páginas 124 - 131

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction: Knockdown of fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) can induce N6-methyladenosine (m 6A) ribonucleic acid (RNA) methylation. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of m 6A RNA methylation on atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque by FTO knockdown. Methods: A total of 50 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into pure high-fat group, sham operation group, vulnerable plaque group, empty load group, and FTO knockdown group (10 rabbits/group). Results: Flow cytometry showed that helper T (Th) cells in the FTO knockdown group accounted for a significantly higher proportion of lymphocytes than in the vulnerable plaque group and empty load group (P<0.05). Th cells were screened by cell flow. The level of m 6A RNA methylation in the FTO knockdown group was significantly higher than in the vulnerable plaque group and empty load group (P<0.05). The levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein C were higher at the 12th week than at the 1st week, but the high-density lipoprotein C level was lower at the 12th week than at the 1st week. At the 12th week, the interleukin-7 level was significantly lower in the adeno-associated virus-9 (AVV9)-FTO short hairpin RNA group than in the control and AVV9-green fluorescent protein groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: After successfully establishing a vascular parkinsonism rabbit model, m 6A RNA methylation can decrease Th cells and vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2021-0039

SYNTHESIS, CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF COORDINATION COMPOUNDS WITH NITRONYL NITROXIDE RADICALS AND [M(HFAC)2] (M = CUII AND MNII)
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Gao, Yan-Li

; Wang, Yufei

; Liu, Huijin

; Song, Xiaoli

; Wang, Yali

; Su, Ting

; Bi, Shiqing

Química Nova

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Fev 2023, Volume 46 Nº 2 Páginas 131 - 136

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The reaction of metal hexafluoroacetylacetonato [MII(hfac)2, M = Cu, Mn] with the stable nitronyl nitroxide 2-(3-isobutyl-pyrazole)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (L), resulted in one dimensional zig-zag chain systems [{Cu(hfac)2}2L2]n and [CuMn(hfac)4L2]n. The main feature inherent in the nature of [{Cu(hfac)2}2L2]n single crystals is their ability to undergo reversible structural rearrangements with temperature variation, accompanied by anomalies of magnetism. The value of χmT shown strongly antiferromagnetic at low temperature and becomes ferromagnetic when the temperature increases. And the heteronuclear complex [CuMn(hfac)4L2]n shows antiferromagnetic interactions between manganese and nitronyl nitroxide.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170951

IMPACTS OF LOWER LIMB TRAINING IN BADMINTON
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Liu, Zhewei

; Wang, Lulu

Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte

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2023, Volume 29 elocation e2022_0702

Resumo: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Introduction: Badminton is extremely popular among Chinese people, and the development of its training methods is constant. The study of improvement in the training of the lower limbs is the main focus to increase the physical fitness of its practitioners. Objective: Study the effects of a specific lower-limb training protocol on the physical fitness of badminton players. Methods: Twenty-four volunteers were selected from freshmen and sophomore badminton majors in a physical education college. The sample was randomly divided into control and experimental groups with no statistical differences. The control group continued to use the traditional fitness training method, while the experimental group reinforced their training with a lower limb strength protocol. The experiment lasted 6 weeks, consisting of one hour of training thrice a week. Indicators were collected before and after the experiment for statistical analysis. Results: The Illinois sensitivity index was optimized from 17.049 ± 0.9618 to 15.287 ± 0.8146 in the experimental group, with optimization of the blind step index from 4.607 ± 1.2072 to 10.631 ± 5. 3292.4. The 10m return index was optimized from 10.582 ± 0.6085 to 9.853 ± 0.4809, and the reaction action test index was optimized from 1.965 ± 0.1378 to 1.756 ± 0.1378 after the experiment. Conclusion: Increasing the proportion of lower limb training to traditional fitness training can improve athletes’ fitness level and competitive level. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción: El bádminton es muy popular entre los chinos, y el desarrollo de sus métodos de entrenamiento es constante. El estudio de la mejora en el entrenamiento de los miembros inferiores es el principal objetivo para aumentar la forma física de sus practicantes. Objetivo: Estudiar los efectos de un protocolo de entrenamiento específico de los miembros inferiores sobre la forma física en jugadores de bádminton. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 24 voluntarios entre estudiantes de primer y segundo año de la especialidad de bádminton de una facultad de educación física. La muestra se dividió aleatoriamente en grupos de control y experimental, sin diferencias estadísticas entre los grupos. El grupo de control siguió utilizando el método tradicional de entrenamiento físico, mientras que el grupo experimental reforzó el entrenamiento con un protocolo de fuerza de las extremidades inferiores. El experimento duró 6 semanas y consistió en una hora de entrenamiento, tres veces por semana. Se recogieron indicadores antes y después del experimento para su análisis estadístico. Resultados: El índice de sensibilidad de Illinois se optimizó de 17,049 ± 0,9618 a 15,287 ± 0,8146 en el grupo experimental, con una optimización del índice de paso ciego de 4,607 ± 1,2072 a 10,631 ± 5. 3292,4. El índice de retorno de 10 m se optimizó de 10,582 ± 0,6085 a 9,853 ± 0,4809, el índice de prueba de acción de reacción se optimizó de 1,965 ± 0,1378 a 1,756 ± 0,1378 tras el experimento. Conclusión: Aumentar la proporción de entrenamiento de las extremidades inferiores con respecto al entrenamiento físico tradicional puede mejorar la forma física y el nivel competitivo de los deportistas. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO Introdução: O badminton é bastante popular entre os chineses, e o desenvolvimento dos seus métodos de treinamento é constante. O estudo de aprimoramento no treinamento dos membros inferiores é o principal foco para incrementar a aptidão física de seus praticantes. Objetivo: Estudar os efeitos de um protocolo de treinamento específico dos membros inferiores sobre a aptidão física em jogadores de badminton. Métodos: Foram selecionados 24 voluntários entre calouros e alunos do segundo ano de especialidade de badminton numa faculdade de educação física. A amostra foi aleatoriamente dividida em grupos controle e experimental, sem diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos. O grupo de controle continuou a utilizar o método tradicional de treinamento de aptidão física, enquanto o grupo experimental reforçou o treinamento com um protocolo de força para os membros inferiores. O experimento durou 6 semanas, consistindo em uma hora de treinamento, três vezes na semana. Os indicadores foram coletados antes e depois do experimento para análise estatística. Resultados: O índice de sensibilidade de Illinois foi otimizado de 17,049 ± 0,9618 para 15,287 ± 0,8146 no grupo experimental, com otimização do índice de passo cego de 4,607 ± 1,2072 para 10,631 ± 5. 3292,4. O índice de retorno de 10m foi otimizado de 10,582 ± 0,6085 para 9,853 ± 0,4809, o índice do teste de ação de reação foi otimizado de 1,965 ± 0,1378 para 1,756 ± 0,1378 após o experimento. Conclusão: Incrementar a proporção de treinamento dos membros inferiores ao treinamento de aptidão física tradicional pode melhorar o nível de aptidão física e o nível competitivo dos atletas. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202329012022_0702

An apple leaf disease identification model for safeguarding apple food safety
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LIU, Song

; BAI, Haoran

; LI, Fengmei

; WANG, Dongwei

; ZHENG, Yuhui

; JIANG, Qiupeng

; SUN, Fengbo

Food Science and Technology

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e104322

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Apples are the fourth most produced fruit in the world, so it is important to safeguard them from disease damage. Although there are many deep learning-based plant disease detection models, the existing deep learning networks have complex structures and require large amounts of computational resources for support. Lightweight networks such as MobileNet and ShuffleNet designed for mobile devices could achieve better classification and faster recognition on public datasets, but their accuracy rates are not yet up to the requirements of practical applications. To address these problems, we constructed an improved apple leaf disease recognition algorithm based on MobileNetV2. We used feature reuse to improve the network structure, added a dense connection structure to the inverse residual module, and an ECA-Net attention module to increase the model's focus on diseased regions. We trained the improved model on the network on a dataset expanded by a generative adversarial network. The results showed that the improved model had a smaller number of model parameters, only 3.3 M, and a higher accuracy rate of 96.23% compared to Resnet50, ShuffleNet, and MobileNet models. The improved model had only 0.34 M addition in the number of parameters compared with MobileNet-V2, and had a 2.2% improvement in accuracy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.104322

Effect of combined sedation using multiple drugs on inflammatory cytokines in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
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Nie, Xiangbi

; Lou, Liqiong

; Xu, Hui

; Xiong, Wei

; Wang, Zenggeng

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2023, Volume 59 elocation e21461

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The innate immune response plays an important role in the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, no drug has been proven to be beneficial in the management of ARDS. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of using combined sedatives on systemic inflammatory responses in patients with ARDS. A total of 90 patients with ARDS and an intubation time of > 120 h were randomly divided into the propofol group (group P), midazolam group (group M), and combined sedation group (group U). Patients in groups P and M were sedated with propofol and midazolam, respectively, whereas patients in group U were sedated with a combination of propofol, midazolam, and dexmedetomidine. The dosage of sedatives and vasoactive drugs, duration of mechanical ventilation, and incidence of sedative adverse reactions were documented. The dosage of sedatives and vasoactive drugs, as well as the incidence of sedative adverse reactions in group U, was significantly lower than those in groups P and M. Similarly, the duration of mechanical ventilation in group U was significantly shorter than that in groups P and M. Hence, inducing sedation through a combination of multiple drugs can significantly reduce their adverse effects, improve their sedative effect, inhibit systemic inflammatory responses, and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902023e21461

Effects of Bamboo Vinegar on Production Performance, Egg Quality, Antioxidant Status, and Serum Biochemistry of Laying Hens in Summer
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Wang, K

; Yan, M

; Xi, M

; Han, G

; Li, Y

; Cui, Y

; Li, C

Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science

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2023, Volume 25 Nº 3 elocation eRBCA-2022-1749

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of bamboo vinegar (BV) on production performance, egg quality, antioxidant status, and serum biochemical parameters of laying hens during summer. One hundred twenty 36-week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were randomly assigned to 4 groups, with 30 hens per group. The control group was fed a basal diet and 1 mL/kg, 5 mL/kg, and 10 mL/kg BV were added to the basal diet of the 0.1% BV, 0.5% BV and 1.0% BV groups, respectively. The experiment lasted 30 days and showed that the production performance was not significantly affected by the addition of BV (p>0.05). Egg shape index and glutathione peroxidase activity in serum in BV-supplemented groups were significantly increased (p<0.05). The total protein and the albumin content in the 0.1% BV, 0.5% BV, and 1.0% BV groups were significantly increased compared to the control group (p<0.05). These results suggested that dietary BV could improve the antioxidant capacity and the egg shape index of laying hens in summer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1749

Study on the ideal location of a bottom drainage roadway
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Chen, H.

; An, F.

; Wang, Z.

; Chen, X.

Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy

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Mai 2022, Volume 122 Nº 5 Páginas 259 - 266

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The bottom drainage roadway plays a crucial role in preventing coal and gas outbursts by using underground gas drainage methods. Therefore, it is essential to select the ideal position of the bottom drainage roadway. In this paper use a combination of geological data and numerical simulation to study the ideal position of the bottom drainage roadway, we taking the gas drainage of the first workface of No. 3 coal seam in the Yuxi coal mine in China as an example. The geological study showed a limestone marker layer at an average vertical distance of 14 m from the first mining face. Using this marker layer, the bottom drainage roadway could be excavated without the risk of accidentally exposing the coal seam, and less crosscutting borehole drilling from the bottom drainage roadway would be required. Based on the needs of gas control, the layout of the bottom drainage roadway was selected as an external stagger type. Combined with the numerical simulation results, when located 20 m outside of the mining workface 'footprint' on the horizontal projection, the bottom drainage roadway was a sufficient distance from the stress concentration area during mining of workface 1301, which facilitated roadway maintenance. Furthermore, the length of the crosscutting boreholes is also relatively short, which reduces the amount and cost of drilling. The results of this study are expected to provide a reference for the selection of an ideal position of the bottom drainage roadway in field engineering.

https://doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/1561/2022 22 downloads

Spatial variability of soil organic carbon fractions and aggregate stability along an elevation gradient in the alpine meadow grasslands of the Qilian Mountains, China
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Abalori, Theophilus Atio

; Cao, Wenxia

; Weobong, Conrad Atogi-Akwoa

; Wang, Shilin

; Anning, Dominic Kwadwo

; Sam, Faisal Eudes

; Liu, Wanting

; Wang, Wenhu

Chilean journal of agricultural research

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Mar 2022, Volume 82 Nº 1 Páginas 52 - 64

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Grasslands contain substantial amount of soil organic C (SOC) and thus have a key function in global C cycle. Thus knowledge on SOC contents and aggregate stability is vital in exploring their impact as a C storage or source under climate change simulations. The research investigated the spatial variability of SOC and its fractions and stability of aggregates and their relationships with factors like vegetation, climate and soil conditions along an elevation gradient of the alpine meadow grassland (3105-4200 m a.s.l.) The SOC concentrations had an increasing trend with elevation from 76.04 g kg-1 at 3105 m a.s.l. up to 110.42 g kg-1 at 3710 m a.s.l. and 103.87g kg-1 and then decreased to 71.25 g kg-1 at the peak of the slope at 4200 m a.s.l. The results indicated that macro- and micro-aggregate organic C, mean weight diameter, geometric weight diameter, percentage of > 0.25 mm water-stable aggregates (W0.25), and stability of water-stable aggregates ratio increased with increasing elevation, attaining a peak at 3710 or 3925 m a.s.l. and afterwards decreased. The findings of this research show that prospective global climate warming could have a telling effect on SOC and soil aggregate stability by affecting the distribution of aboveground biomass. Due to the low structural stability of soils at the lower parts of the elevations, we proposed that these areas should be barred from continuous grazing to enhance high grassland productivity and be able to cope with prospective climate change in this area.

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10.

Application of Mivacurium in Fast-Track Anesthesia for Transthoracic Device Closure of Ventricular Septal Defects in Children
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Wang, Jing

; Lei, Yu-Qing

; Liu, Jian-Feng

; Wang, Zeng-Chun

; Cao, Hua

; Chen, Qiang

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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Fev 2022, Volume 37 Nº 1 Páginas 74 - 79

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of mivacurium in the application of fast-track anesthesia for transthoracic device closure of ventricular septal defects (VSDs) in children. Methods: The data of 108 children who underwent transthoracic device closure of VSDs from December 2018 to June 2020 were recorded and analyzed. All children were divided into group M (mivacurium group, n=55) and group C (cisatracurium group, n=53) according to the different muscle relaxant drug used. Results: No statistically significant differences in general preoperative data, intraoperative hemodynamic changes, or the incidence of adverse reactions were noted between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the intubation condition rating of children in group M was better than that in group C. The onset time, duration of clinical action and recovery index of the muscle relaxant, postoperative mechanical ventilation duration, and length of intensive care unit stay in group M were significantly lower than those in group C (P<0.05). Conclusion: It is safe and feasible to use mivacurium as a muscle relaxant in children undergoing fast-track cardiac anesthesia during transthoracic device closure of VSDs.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2020-0580

11.

Effects of Supplementation of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Powder on Some Reproductive Performance in Laying Hens
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Shen, M

; Li, T

; Lu, J

; Qu, L

; Wang, K

; Hou, Q

; Zhang, Z

; Guo, X

; Zhao, W

; Wu, P

Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science

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2022, Volume 24 Nº 2 elocation eRBCA-2021-1537

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adding Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP) to the basal diets of chickens at late laying period on clutch trait, reproductive organs, serum reproductive hormones and reproduction-related genes expression. A total of 350 hens (37 weeks old) with similar laying rate and clutch trait were randomly allocated into five groups, and fed 0 (Control, CON), 2.5 (MOLP2.5), 5, 7.5 and 10% MOLP supplemented diets for 6 weeks. The hens supplemented with 2.5% MLOP had the average clutch length, clutches and clutch intensity close to those in CON. The numbers and weight of hierarchal follicle were significantly increased at the supplementation 2.5% MOLP group. The estrogen concentration was highest in MOLP2.5 group and lowest in MOLP10 group. Expression levels of steroidogenesis-related genes of StAR and Cyp19a1 were higher in MOLP2.5, MOLP5 and MOLP7.5 groups compared with that in the control. These findings suggested that dietary supplementation with 2.5% MOLP effectively increased hierarchal follicle numbers, estrogen level and gene expression of StAR and Cyp19a1, which has a potential beneficial effect on laying performance in laying chicken.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1537

12.

Characterization of a rutin-hydrolyzing enzyme with β-glucosidase activity from tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tartaricum) seeds
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SUN, Yao

; CUI, Xiaodong

; WANG, Zhuanhua

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e42822

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The rutin-hydrolyzing enzyme (RHEs) catalyse hydrolysis of rutin to quercetin. In this study, a RHE purified from natural tartary buckwheat flour (FtRHE) exhibited β-glucosidase activity. It was highly active on cello-oligosaccharides and p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG). FtRHE exhibited optimum β-glucosidase activity at 40 °C and pH 4.0, which was elevated by the presence of Ca2+, suggesting that Ca2+ may act as a co-factor for its activation. The Km and Vmax of FtRHE were 0.22 mM and 310.48 U/mg, respectively, when pNPG was the substrate. FtRHE retained only 6.6% activity in the presence of 1.5 M glucose, indicating that glucose acted as its inhibitor. This study demonstrates β-glucosidase activity of a RHE from natural tartary buckwheat flour and provides better understanding of its role in glycoside metabolism, establishing a basis for further investigations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.42822

13.

Effects of biomacromolecules on growth, digestibility, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidation, and immunity in broilers
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Wang, R.F.

; Wang, Y.

; An, X.P.

; Ji, X.

; Du, J.

; Hu, Y.C

; Guo, T.

; Zhang, J.

; Gao, A.Q.

; Qi, J.W.

South African Journal of Animal Science

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2022, Volume 52 Nº 4 Páginas 539 - 551

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two biomacromolecules, fermented wheat bran polysaccharides (FWBPs) and sodium humate (SH), on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant status, and immunity of broilers. A total of 144 male, one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into three dietary groups: control (CON), 0.4% FWBPs, and 0.1% SH, with six replicates of eight birds. The FWBPs and SH groups had a greater body weight (BW) at 21 and 42 d, average daily weight gain (ADG) in the starter period, average daily feed intake (ADFl) in the overall period, and feed-to-gain ratio (F:G) in the grower period. However, the ADFI was decreased by FWBPs supplementation and increased by SH supplementation in the grower period. The dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility were higher in the SH group at 21 d. At 21 d, the FWBPs group had an increased duodenal trypsin and serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentration, and a decreased liver malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. The SH group had increased duodenal lipase activity, serum IgM, and interleukin-2 concentrations but decreased liver MDA concentrations. At 42 d, FWBPs and SH supplementation decreased duodenal trypsin and chymotrypsin and serum superoxide dismutase activity. Jejunum chymotrypsin activity and liver MDA content were decreased in the SH group. In conclusion, dietary FWBPs or SH supplementation during the starter period can improve growth performance and nutrient digestibility and enhance antioxidant capacity and immunity of broilers.

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v52i4.14

14.

Effect of ferulic acid on growth, digestibility, digestive enzyme activity, immunity and antioxidant status of broilers
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Du, J.

; Wang, Y.

; Wang, R.

; Ji, X.

; Zhang, J.

; Guo, T.

; Hu, Y.

; An, X.

; Gao, A.

; Qi, J.

South African Journal of Animal Science

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2022, Volume 52 Nº 3 Páginas 280 - 290

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ferulic acid (FA) on the growth, nutrient digestibility, digestive enzyme activities, immunity and antioxidant status of broilers. Ninety-six one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into two groups with six replicates of eight birds each, including control group (CON) and FA group (80 mg/kg diet). The experiment included starter (days 1-21) and finisher (days 22-42) phases. Compared with CON, FA group had higher average daily weight gain (ADWG) and lower feed to gain ratio (F:G) in the starter phase, and higher average daily feed intake (ADFI) in the finisher phase. The digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) were higher in FA-fed broilers in days 19-21, but DM, OM and EE digestibility were lower in days 40-42. Ferulic acid treatment increased duodenal trypsin and jejunal amylase activity on day 21, but decreased duodenal trypsin, chymotrypsin activities and jejunal lipase activity on day 42. FA supplementation increased serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations on day 21. Ferulic acid-fed broilers had greater hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and lower serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level on day 21. On day 42, the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, hepatic SOD and GSH-Px activities was decreased in FA group. In conclusion, FA as an exogenous antioxidant at dosage of 80 mg/kg diet enhanced growth performance via improvement of digestive enzyme activities, immunity and antioxidant status of broilers in starter phase.

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v52i3.4 37 downloads

15.

Saúde Cardiovascular e Fibrilação ou Flutter Atrial: Um Estudo Transversal do ELSA-Brasil
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Santos, Itamar S.

; Lotufo, Paulo A.

; Goulart, Alessandra C.

; Brant, Luisa C. C.

; Pinto Filho, Marcelo M

; Pereira, Alexandre C.

; Barreto, Sandhi M.

; Ribeiro, Antonio L. P.

; Thomas, G Neil

; Lip, Gregory Y. H.

; Bensenor, Isabela M.

; Arasalingam, Ajini

; Beane, Abi

; Bensenor, Isabela M

; Brocklehurst, Peter

; Cheng, Kar Keung

; El-Bouri, Wahbi

; Feng, Mei

; Goulart, Alessandra C

; Greenfield, Sheila

; Guo, Yutao

; Guruparan, Mahesan

; Gusso, Gustavo

; Gooden, Tiffany E

; Haniffa, Rashan

; Humphreys, Lindsey

; Jolly, Kate

; Jowett, Sue

; Kumarendran, Balachandran

; Lancashire, Emma

; Lane, Deirdre A

; Li, Xuewen

; Lip (Co-PI), Gregory Y.H.

; Li, Yan-guang

; Lobban, Trudie

; Lotufo, Paulo A

; Manseki-Holland, Semira

; Moore, David J

; Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah

; Olmos, Rodrigo D

; Paschoal, Elisabete

; Pirasanth, Paskaran

; Powsiga, Uruthirakumar

; Romagnolli, Carla

; Santos, Itamar S

; Shantsila, Alena

; Sheron, Vethanayagam Antony

; Shribavan, Kanesamoorthy

; Szmigin, Isabelle

; Subaschandren, Kumaran

; Surenthirakumaran, Rajendra

; Tai, Meihui

; Neil Thomas (Co-PI), G

; Varella, Ana C

; Wang, Hao

; Wang, Jingya

; Zhang, Hui

; Zhong, Jiaoyue

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2022, Nº ahead

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento A associação entre o status de saúde cardiovascular ideal ( ideal cardiovascular health ( ICVH) e diagnóstico de fibrilação ou flutter atrial (FFA) foi menos estudado em comparação a outras doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivos Analisar a associação entre o diagnóstico de FFA e métricas e escores de ICVH no Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil). Métodos Este estudo analisou dados de 13141 participantes com dados completos. Os traçados eletrocardiográficos foram codificados de acordo com o Sistema de Minnesota, em um centro de leitura centralizado. As métricas do ICVH (dieta, atividade física, índice de massa corporal, tabagismo, glicemia de jeju, e colesterol total) e escores do ICVH foram calculados conforme proposto pela American Heart Association . Modelos de regressão logística bruta e ajustada foram construídos para analisar associações de métricas e escores do ICVH com diagnóstico de FFA. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 0,05. Resultados A idade mediana da amostra foi de 55 anos, e 54,4% eram mulheres. Nos modelos ajustados, os escores de ICVH não apresentaram associação significativa com diagnóstico de FFA prevalente [odds ratio (OR):0,96; intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%):0,80-1,16; p=0,70). Perfis de pressão arterial ideal (OR:0,33; IC95%:0,1-0,74; p=0,007) e colesterol total ideal (OR:1,88; IC95%:1,19-2,98; p=0,007) foram significativamente associados com o diagnóstico de FFA. Conclusões Não foram identificadas associações significativas entre escores de ICVH global e diagnóstico de FFA após ajuste multivariado em nossas análises, devido, ao menos em parte, às associações antagônicas da FFA com métricas de pressão arterial e de colesterol total do ICVH. Nossos resultados sugerem que estimar a prevenção da FFA por meio de escore de ICVH global pode não ser adequado, e as métricas do ICVH devem ser consideradas separadamente.

Abstract Background The association between ideal cardiovascular health (ICVH) status and atrial fibrillation or flutter (AFF) diagnosis has been less studied compared to other cardiovascular diseases. Objective To analyze the association between AFF diagnosis and ICVH metrics and scores in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods This study analyzed data from 13,141 participants with complete data. Electrocardiographic tracings were coded according to the Minnesota Coding System, in a centralized reading center. ICVH metrics (diet, physical activity, body mass index, smoking, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and total cholesterol) and scores were calculated as proposed by the American Heart Association. Crude and adjusted binary logistic regression models were built to analyze the association of ICVH metrics and scores with AFF diagnosis. Significance level was set at 0.05. Results The sample had a median age of 55 years and 54.4% were women. In adjusted models, ICVH scores were not significantly associated with prevalent AFF diagnosis (odds ratio [OR]:0.96; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]:0.80-1.16; p=0.70). Ideal blood pressure (OR:0.33; 95% CI:0.15–0.74; p=0.007) and total cholesterol (OR:1.88; 95% CI:1.19–2.98; p=0.007) profiles were significantly associated with AFF diagnosis. Conclusions No significant associations were identified between global ICVH scores and AFF diagnosis after multivariable adjustment in our analyses, at least partially due to the antagonistic associations of AFF with blood pressure and total cholesterol ICVH metrics. Our results suggest that estimating the prevention of AFF burden using global ICVH scores may not be adequate, and ICVH metrics should be considered in separate.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20210970

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