Abstract The disparity between the number of aesthetic procedures performed worldwide, and the complications described in the literature is remarkable. Doubts regarding the underreporting are reasonable and should be considered. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the scarcity of scientific publications on complications in aesthetic procedures compared to the abundance of these procedures performed worldwide. Based on this knowledge, it will be demonstrated to the health authorities the importance of compulsory notification of complications in aesthetic procedures that require medical attention so that the available data will allow their prevention. The limitation of knowledge regarding complications was demonstrated in the data collection for the preparation of the thesis ‟Deaths Related to Liposuction in Brazil” presented in 2018 and published in Surgical and Cosmetical Dermatology in 2020. The definition of complication in aesthetic procedures needs to be objective to prevent different and subjective interpretations. With the compulsory notification of complications in aesthetic procedures, it is intended to learn about their causes to develop guidelines for their prevention.

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by abnormal and increased growth of the cells that produce keratin and abnormal functioning of the immune system. We aimed to summarize the evidence available regarding interventions for patients with psoriasis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Review of systematic reviews, developed in the Discipline of Evidence-Based Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted to identify Cochrane systematic reviews that fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Two authors screened titles and abstracts that had been retrieved through the search strategy. The results from all the Cochrane systematic reviews that were included were summarized and presented in a narrative synthesis. RESULTS: We included six Cochrane systematic reviews assessing interventions for treating psoriasis. The findings from high-quality evidence were that (a) etanercept reduced the psoriasis severity index, compared with placebo and (b) steroids plus vitamin D, compared with vitamin D alone, improved the skin clearance rate, as assessed by investigators, but was associated with a higher proportion of participants who dropped out due to adverse events. For all other comparisons, the quality of the evidence ranged from moderate to very low. CONCLUSION: This review included six Cochrane systematic reviews that provided evidence ranging in quality from unknown to high, regarding management of psoriasis. Further randomized controlled trials are imperative to reduce the uncertainties relating to several treatments that are already used in clinical practice.

RESUMO Fundamentos As doenças da pele são causas comuns da procura de atendimento na atenção primária em saúde, e a maioria desses atendimentos é realizada por médicos não dermatologistas. Em geral, o aprendizado insuficiente na graduação se reflete na atuação clínica e, consequentemente, em atendimentos referenciados, resultando em aumento de custo. Teledermatologia é a prática da dermatologia com uso de tecnologias de informação e sistemas de comunicação para a troca de informações médicas de um paciente entre médico não dermatologista e um dermatologista (teledermatologia secundária) – nos mesmos ou em diferentes momentos e em diferentes localizações geográficas. A teledermatologia secundária promete ser melhor, mais barata e mais rápida, embora as evidências não sejam suficientes em relação ao curso clínico da doença. Objetivo Revisar a literatura sobre as evidências científicas da teledermatologia secundária na prática médica. Método Revisão da literatura, entre 1999 e 2014, de ensaios clínicos, estudos observacionais, revisões e revisões sistemáticas identificados no PubMed sobre a teledermatologia secundária na prática médica. Além desses estudos, foram incluídos ensaios clínicos mais recentes realizados no Brasil sobre acurácia ou concordância de diagnóstico da teledermatologia secundária da base bibliográfica Lilacs durante o mesmo período e outros estudos relevantes de outras bases em relação à educação médica e dados demográficos. Resultados Foram incluídos 11 estudos mais recentes e/ou relevantes quanto à amostra e ao padrão clínico de diagnóstico. O resultado desta revisão foi dividido em quatro tópicos: eficiência da teledermatologia na atenção primária em saúde; acurácia concordância ou confiabilidade do diagnóstico da teledermatologia na atenção primária em saúde em relação à consulta presencial; satisfação e qualidade de vida do paciente; custo da teledermatologia na atenção primária em saúde. A maioria desses estudos relatou boa eficiência e acurácia de diagnóstico com diminuição dos custos e melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes, em especial os de área rural. Conclusão O acesso à dermatologia não pode ocorrer sem gestão. Devemos identificar situações em que a teledermatologia secundária funcione melhor, como em áreas remotas ou carentes, permitindo ao paciente acesso aos dermatologistas. A eficiência e acurácia de diagnóstico da teledermatologia secundária são inferiores às da consulta presencial, mas superior à da consulta dermatológica oferecida por médicos não dermatologistas.

ABSTRACT Background Skin diseases are a common cause of service demand on the primary health care system and the majority of these services are not performed by dermatologists. In general, insufficient undergraduate training is reflected in clinical performance and, consequently, in the referenced services, resulting in increased cost. Teledermatology is the practice of dermatology using information technology and communication systems. It consists of information exchanges between a dermatologist and general practitioners (secondary teledermatology) – either simultaneously or sequentially and in different geographical locations. Secondary Teledermatology promises a more efficient, reasonable and faster treatment in dermatological care, despite insufficient evidence regarding the clinical course of the disease. Objective To review the scientific literature which presents evidence of secondary teledermatology in medical practice. Method Review of the literature from 1999 to 2014 on clinical trials, observational studies, reviews and systematic reviews identified in PubMed on secondary. teledermatology in medical practice. In addition to these studies, we have included more recent clinical trials in Brazil on the accuracy or agreement of diagnoses made through secondary teledermatology found in the Lilacs bibliographic database, during the same period as well as other relevant studies from other databases regarding medical education and demographics. Results The 11 most recent and/or relevant studies in relation to the sample and clinical standard of diagnosis were included. The result of this review was divided into four topics: teledermatology efficiency in primary health care; accuracy, compliance or reliability of the teledermatology diagnosis in primary health care in relation to face-to-face dermatology consultation; patient satisfaction and quality of life; and cost of teledermatology in primary health care. Most of these studies reported good efficiency and diagnostic accuracy with lower costs and better quality of life for patients, in particular for those living in rural areas. Conclusion Dermatology is inaccessible without management. We must identify situations in which secondary teledermatology works best, as in remote or underserved areas, allowing patients to have access to dermatologists. The efficiency and accuracy of the diagnoses made through secondary teledermatology is inferior to face-to-face dermatological consultation, but more efficient than the dermatological visits provided by general practitioners.

Abstract Verrucous epidermal nevi are hamartomatous lesions of the epidermis that, unlike other epidermal nevi (such as sebaceous nevus or nevus comedonicus), are rarely associated with malignant neoplasms. The majority of squamous cell carcinoma develop in linear or multiple epidermal nevus and rarely in solitary epidermal nevus. In general, the prognosis is favorable. We report a case of well-differentiated invasive squamous cell carcinoma arising from a multiple verrucous epidermal nevus. Although there is no consensus on prophylactic removal of epidermal nevus, its removal and biopsy should be considered if changes occur.

As células-tronco adultas ou somáticas detêm grande promessa para a reparação e regeneração de tecidos. Atualmente, o interesse dos cientistas é contínuo na investigação da biologia de células-tronco mesenquimais, tanto em aspectos básicos, quanto no potencial de aplicações terapêuticas. As células-tronco adultas derivadas do estroma do tecido adiposo, em comparação com as células-tronco derivadas do estroma da medula óssea, apresentam como vantagem o método fácil de obtenção da fonte tecidual. As células-tronco adultas derivadas do estroma do tecido adiposo apresentam potencial para se diferenciarem em células de tecidos mesodérmicos, como os adipócitos, as cartilagens, os ossos e o músculo esquelético e não mesodérmicos, como os hepatócitos, as células pancreáticas endócrinas, os neurônios, os hepatócitos e as células endoteliais vasculares. Entretanto, os dados disponíveis na literatura científica sobre as características das células-tronco adultas derivadas do estroma do tecido adiposo e os procedimentos para sua obtenção e manipulação no laboratório são inconsistentes. É necessário o desenvolvimento de metodologias e procedimentos eficazes de isolamento dessas células para obtenção de células em quantidade e qualidade suficientes para aplicação terapêutica. Nesta revisão, são discutidos os métodos correntes de coleta de tecido adiposo, isolamento e caracterização de células-tronco adultas derivadas do estroma do tecido adiposo, com ênfase na futura aplicação em medicina regenerativa e nos possíveis desafios nesse recente campo da ciência.

Adult or somatic stem cells hold great promise for tissue regeneration. Currently, one major scientific interest is focused on the basic biology and clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells share similar characteristics with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, but have some advantages including harvesting through a less invasive surgical procedure. Moreover, adipose tissue-derived stem cells have the potential to differentiate into cells of mesodermal origin, such as adipocytes, cartilage, bone, and skeletal muscle, as well as cells of non-mesodermal lineage, such as hepatocytes, pancreatic endocrine cells, neurons, cardiomyocytes, and vascular endothelial cells. There are, however, inconsistencies in the scientific literature regarding methods for harvesting adipose tissue and for isolating, characterizing and handling adipose tissue-derived stem cells. Future clinical applications of adipose tissue-derived stem cells rely on more defined and widespread methods for obtaining cells of clinical grade quality. In this review, current methods in adipose tissue-derived stem cell research are discussed with emphasis on strategies designed for future applications in regenerative medicine and possible challenges along the way.

A síndrome do ovário policístico é distúrbio endócrino feminino, extremamente comum na idade reprodutiva. Caracteriza-se por anormalidades menstruais, hiperandrogenismo e/ou hiperandrogenemia. A principal alteração na fisiopatologia é desconhecida. Entretanto, parece que a resistência à insulina, o hiperandrogenismo e a alteração na dinâmica das gonadotropinas são os mais importantes mecanismos fisiopatológicos envolvidos. As características clínicas mais freqüentes da síndrome do ovário policístico estão relacionadas com a unidade pilossebácea, como hirsutismo, acne, seborréia e alopecia. Desse modo, o dermatologista pode ser responsável pelo diagnóstico precoce da síndrome, evitando o retardo na instituição de medidas terapêutico-preventivas. Atualmente, as drogas recomendadas para as manifestações cutâneas da síndrome do ovário policístico são os contraceptivos orais conjugados, antiandrógenos e sensibilizantes de insulina e, além disso, é geralmente recomendada a modificação no estilo de vida. Trata-se de artigo de revisão sobre diagnóstico, fisiopatologia e tratamento da síndrome do ovário policístico. Os autores enfatizam que o conhecimento da fisiopatologia dessa síndrome, principalmente pelos dermatologistas, é fundamental para seu tratamento preventivo, nas diferentes fases da vida da mulher.

The polycystic ovary syndrome is an extremely common endocrine disorder in women of chilbearing age. It is characterized by menstrual disturbance, hyperandrogenism and/or hyperandrogenemia. The primary pathophysiological defect is unknown, but important characteristics include insulin resistance, androgen excess and impaired gonadotropin dynamics. The most frequent clinical characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome are associated with the pilosebaceous unit, such as hirsutism, acne, seborrhea and alopecia. Thus, the dermatologist may be responsible for making an early diagnosis of the syndrome, thus preventing delay in establishing preventive and therapeutic measures. The current management recommended for skin manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome includes combined oral contraceptives, antiandrogens and insulin-sensitizing agents, besides changes in life style. This is a review article on diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. The authors emphasize that a clear understanding of pathophysiology of this syndrome, especially by dermatologists, is crucial for its preventive treatment through the different phases in the life of women.