ABSTRACT Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major disease that seriously endangers human health. CVD in many adults begins in adolescence and even in childhood. The cardiovascular health of college students in China cannot be ignored. Objective Verify the impacts of aerobic exercise (APA) on the cardiovascular health of college students. Methods The paper uses the literature method to explore the health-promoting role of aerobic exercise in opposing and improving CVD. Also the APA exercise method of effectively improving cardiopulmonary fitness (CRF) to prevent and improve CVD. The results showed that APA can improve microcirculation by increasing microvascular reactivity. Results Coronary blood flow in healthy adults is only 8% to 9% of cardiac bleeding, while coronary blood flow increases by 40% and oxygen intake by 2-2.5 times. Aerobic exercise can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of CVD. Some risk factors related to vascular endothelial dysfunction, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease, are often accompanied by the phenomenon of insulin resistance in the induction of CVD. At the same time, improving IR may play an effective role in preventing and treating CVD. Conclusion APA can reduce and suppress the occurrence and development of CVD risk factors such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and obesity, intestinal microecological disorder, and reduce free radical oxidative damage and apoptosis by improving insulin sensitivity of vascular endothelial cells, inhibiting inflammatory reaction, improving mitochondrial function of cardiomyocytes, reducing body mass index and obesity, and maintaining gut micro-ecological balance, and improving vascular endothelial function and reducing CVD such as myocardial infarction. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigating treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción Las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) son una de las principales enfermedades que ponen en grave peligro la salud humana. En muchos adultos, la ECV comienza en la adolescencia e incluso en la infancia. No se puede ignorar la salud cardiovascular de los estudiantes universitarios en China. Objetivo Verificar los impactos del ejercicio aeróbico (EAA) en la salud cardiovascular de los estudiantes universitarios. Métodos El artículo utiliza el método de la literatura para explorar el papel promotor de la salud del ejercicio aeróbico en la oposición y la mejora de la ECV. También el método de ejercicio APA para mejorar eficazmente la aptitud cardiopulmonar (CRF) para prevenir y mejorar la ECV. Los resultados mostraron que el APA puede mejorar la microcirculación al aumentar la reactividad microvascular. Resultados El flujo sanguíneo coronario en adultos sanos es sólo del 8% al 9% de la hemorragia cardiaca, mientras que el flujo sanguíneo coronario aumenta un 40% y el aporte de oxígeno entre 2 y 2,5 veces. El ejercicio aeróbico puede mejorar la sensibilidad a la insulina y reducir el riesgo de ECV. Algunos factores de riesgo relacionados con la disfunción endotelial vascular, como la hipertensión, la aterosclerosis y la enfermedad coronaria, suelen ir acompañados del fenómeno de la resistencia a la insulina en la inducción de la ECV, mientras que la mejora de la RI puede desempeñar un papel eficaz en la prevención y el tratamiento de la ECV. Conclusión El APA puede reducir y suprimir la aparición y el desarrollo de factores de riesgo de ECV como la aterosclerosis, la hipertensión, la hiperlipidemia, la hiperglucemia y la obesidad, el trastorno microecológico intestinal, y reducir el daño oxidativo de los radicales libres y la apoptosis mejorando la sensibilidad a la insulina de las células endoteliales vasculares, inhibir la reacción inflamatoria, mejorar la función mitocondrial de los cardiomiocitos, reducir el índice de masa corporal y la obesidad y mantener el equilibrio microecológico intestinal, así como mejorar la función endotelial vascular y reducir las ECV, como el infarto de miocardio. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO Introdução A doença cardiovascular (DCV) é uma das principais doenças que colocam seriamente em risco a saúde humana. A DCV em muitos adultos começa na adolescência e até mesmo na infância. A saúde cardiovascular dos estudantes universitários na China não pode ser ignorada. Objetivo Verificar os impactos do exercício aeróbico (APA) sobre a saúde cardiovascular dos estudantes universitários. Métodos O artigo usa o método bibliográfico para explorar o papel de promoção da saúde do exercício aeróbico em oposição e melhoria da DCV. Também o método de exercício APA de melhorar efetivamente a aptidão cardiopulmonar (CRF) para prevenir e melhorar a DCV. Os resultados mostraram que a APA pode melhorar a microcirculação ao aumentar a reatividade microvascular. Resultados O fluxo de sangue coronariano em adultos saudáveis é apenas 8% a 9% do sangramento cardíaco, enquanto o fluxo de sangue coronariano aumenta em 40% e a ingestão de oxigênio em 2-2,5 vezes. O exercício aeróbico pode melhorar a sensibilidade insulínica e reduzir o risco de DCV. Alguns fatores de risco relacionados à disfunção endotelial vascular, tais como hipertensão, aterosclerose e doença arterial coronária, são frequentemente acompanhados pelo fenômeno de resistência à insulina na indução da DCV, enquanto a melhora da IR pode desempenhar um papel eficaz na prevenção e tratamento da DCV. Conclusão A APA pode reduzir e suprimir a ocorrência e o desenvolvimento de fatores de risco de DCV, tais como aterosclerose, hipertensão, hiperlipidemia, hiperglicemia e obesidade, distúrbio microecológico intestinal, além de reduzir os danos oxidativos radicais livres e a apoptose, melhorando a sensibilidade insulínica das células endoteliais vasculares, inibindo a reação inflamatória, melhorando a função mitocondrial dos cardiomiócitos, reduzindo o índice de massa corporal e a obesidade e mantendo o equilíbrio microecológico intestinal e melhorando a função endotelial vascular e reduzindo a DCV, como o infarto do miocárdio. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

Abstract Time-Temperature Tolerance (TTT) is an efficient and intuitive method of shelf-life prediction or logistics stability evaluation, but specific for frozen foods, while other thermal kinetic models for chemical reactions and microbial growth are complicated for users and widely used in common foods. In this paper, one common law deduced from TTT theory is that the equivalent conversion ratio (ECR) of the elapsed times for one isothermal interval between different temperatures is only related to the temperatures and equal to the ratio of corresponding shelf-lives. The law was demonstrated by 1-order chemical kinetic model and Gompertz model for chemical reaction and microbial growth. Besides, Crimson seedless fresh grape and Mackerel also proved the constancy of the ECRs between fixed temperatures. With the corresponding ECRs of key quality indicator among relevant temperatures, effect of any time-temperature history can be accumulated into one isothermal one equivalently and the remaining shelf life would be easily predicted, which is the theory of TTT. As a results, the quality following the chemical reaction and microbial growth obey the TTT theory, and the TTT theory can be used to predict the shelf-lives of most foods with developed time-temperature monitoring technologies.

Given their relationship with metabolic syndrome and systematic inflammatory diseases, the pathogenesis of hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia is closely related. To explore the common genes among these three conditions, spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR), spontaneous diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats (GK) and hyperlipidemia rats (HMR) were reared for experiments. Gene array was used to identify the genes of SHR, GK and HMR compared with normal Wistar rats using TBtools software. First, real-time PCR was applied to verify these genes, and Cytoscape software was used to construct networks based on the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. Second, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database analysis was performed to classify the genes. Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database and Gene Ontology database were used to explore the biological function. Finally, Onto-tools Pathway Express was used to analyze the pathways of shared genes. Importantly, upregulated common genes, such as Bad, Orm1, Arntl and Zbtb7a, were used to construct a network of 150 genes, while downregulated genes, such as Mif and Gpx1, formed a network of 29 genes. Interestingly, the networks were involved in various pathways, such as insulin signal pathway, endometrial cancer pathway, circadian rhythm pathway, and pancreatic cancer pathway. We discovered common genes of SHR, GK and HMR compared with normal Wistar rats, and the association of these genes together with biological function were preliminarily revealed.

Abstract Temperate japonica rice plays a very important role in food security. In this study, a set of 191 temperate japonica accessions from 30 countries were planted in two sites in China, and 12 agronomic traits were measured. The results showed a wide range of variation for the traits measured. Most of the accessions are short; three accessions with large panicles and seven accessions with large grains were identified. Sixty-two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified for 12 traits that were measured. Among them, twenty-one QTLs were identified in both experiments, and 41 QTLs were identified in only one site. Some known genes are located in the QTL regions identified in our study. SNP markers for grain size were identified and could be efficiently used for breeding selection. This study provided useful information for future gene validation and marker assisted selection for some important agronomic traits of temperate japonica rice.

The microstructures of high-Si Al alloy cylindrical simples produced by rheological squeeze-casting with bottom-up filling were investigated. The effect of process parameters on the distribution of hard phases (primary Si and Fe-rich phase) was evaluated, and flow characteristics of semi-solid slurry of high-Si Al alloy were investigated. Differences in volume fractions (VFs) of hard phases between the middle and upper layers of cylindrical samples decreased as the squeezing speed increased. Moreover, the flow state of the semi-solid alloy slurry transitioned from laminar to turbulent flow as the squeezing speed was increased. Movement of gases throughout the semi-solid alloy slurry filling process was analysed under different process parameters. The results provide insights for improving rheological casting of high-Si Al alloy and other Al matrix composites.

Although Taxol has improved the survival of cancer patients as a first-line chemotherapeutic agent, an increasing number of patients develop resistance to Taxol after prolonged treatment. The potential mechanisms of cancer cell resistance to Taxol are not completely clear. It has been reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in regulating the sensitivity of cancer cells to various chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of miR-129-5p in regulating the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to Taxol. Cell apoptosis and autophagy, and the sensitivity of MCF-7 cells to Taxol were assessed with a series of in vitro assays. Our results showed that the inhibition of autophagy increased the Taxol-induced apoptosis and the sensitivity of MCF-7 cells to Taxol. Up-regulation of miR-129-5p also inhibited autophagy and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, miR-129-5p overexpression increased the sensitivity of MCF-7 cells to Taxol. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a target gene of miR-129-5p and a regulator of autophagy, was negatively regulated by miR-129-5p. We found that interference of HMGB1 enhanced the chemosensitivity of Taxol by inhibiting autophagy and inducing apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Taken together, our findings suggested that miR-129-5p increased the chemosensitivity of MCF-7 cells to Taxol through suppressing autophagy and enhancing apoptosis by inhibiting HMGB1. Using miR-129-5p/HMGB1/autophagy-based therapeutic strategies may be a potential treatment for overcoming Taxol resistance in breast cancer.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, autoimmune disorder that affects nearly all organs and tissues. As knowledge about the mechanism of SLE has increased, some immunosuppressive agents have become routinely used in clinical care, and infections have become one of the direct causes of mortality in SLE patients. To identify the risk factors indicative of infection in SLE patients, a case control study of our hospital's medical records between 2011 and 2013 was performed. We reviewed the records of 117 SLE patients with infection and 61 SLE patients without infection. Changes in the levels of T cell subsets, immunoglobulin G (IgG), complement C3, complement C4, globulin, and anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-ds-DNA) were detected. CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ T cell levels were significantly lower and CD8+ T cell levels were significantly greater in SLE patients with infection than in SLE patients without infection. Additionally, the concentrations of IgG in SLE patients with infection were significantly lower than those in SLE patients without infection. However, complement C3, complement C4, globulin, and anti-ds-DNA levels were not significantly different in SLE patients with and without infection. Therefore, clinical testing for T cell subsets and IgG is potentially useful for identifying the presence of infection in SLE patients and for distinguishing a lupus flare from an acute infection.

This study investigated the effects of visfatin on the structure and the immunity levels in the small intestine of LPS-induced rats. Forty Wistar male and female SPF rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups: the saline (control), vistfatin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and visfatin+LPS co-stimulated. The functions of visfatin in the intestinal mucosal immunity were investigated by examining the variation of tissue structure, inflammation and immunity-related proteins in the intestine of immunologically stressed rats using HE staining, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and Western Blot. The results showed that, when compared with the control group, the visfatin-treated group showed a decrease in the intestinal villus height and width, and a significant increase in the levels of IL-6 and TNF-ð as well as Immunoglobulin A (IgA) positive cells. Additionally, when compared with the LPS-treated group, the visfatin+LPS co-stimulated group showed a decrease in the villus height and width as well as the levels of IL-6 and TNF-ð, and an increase in IgA levels, implying a shrinking response to LPS injection. All the results suggest that, under normal physiological conditions, visfatin disturbs the body's homeostasis and causes intestinal villus atrophy by increasing IgA expression. While under immune response conditions, LPS acts as an exogenous antigen to promote visfatin against LPS-induced inflammation by decreasing the expression of IgA. Under immune stress conditions, visfatin as an exogenous stimulus promotes the immune response by regulating the protein levels of IL-6, TNF-ð and IgA.

Este estudio investigó los efectos de la visfatina sobre la estructura y los niveles de inmunidad en el intestino delgado de ratas inducidas por lipopolisacáridos (LPS). Cuarenta ratas Wistar se dividieron aleatoriamente e igualmente en cuatro grupos: solución salina (control), vistafin, LPS y visfatina + LPS co-estimuladas. Las funciones de la visfatina en la inmunidad de la mucosa intestinal se investigaron mediante el examen de variación de la estructura del tejido, la inflamación y las proteínas relacionadas con la inmunidad en el intestino de ratas estresadas inmunológicamente; usando tinción HE, ELISA, inmunohistoquímica y Western Blot. Los resultados mostraron que, en comparación con el grupo control, el grupo tratado con visfatina presentó una disminución en la altura y ancho de las vellosidades intestinales, y un aumento significativo en los niveles de IL-6 y TNF-ð, así como inmunoglobulina A (IgA células positivas). Además, al comparar este grupo con el grupo tratado con LPS- el grupo visfatina + LPS co-estimulado mostró una disminución en la altura y ancho de las vellosidades, así como en los niveles de IL-6 y TNF-ð, y un aumento en los niveles de IgA, lo que implica reducción de una respuesta a la inyección LPS. Todos los resultados sugieren que, en condiciones fisiológicas normales, la visfatina perturba la homeostasis del cuerpo y provoca la atrofia de las vellosidades intestinales mediante el aumento de la expresión de IgA. Mientras que bajo condiciones de la respuesta inmune, LPS actúa como un antígeno exógeno para promover visfatina contra la inflamación inducida por LPS por la disminución de la expresión de IgA. En condiciones de estrés inmunológico, la visfatina como estímulo exógeno promueve la respuesta inmune mediante la regulación de los niveles de proteína de IL-6, TNF-ð e IgA.

Sugarcane brown rust disease caused by Puccinia melanocephala is one of the important fungal diseases affecting sugarcane yield around the world. Cultivar resistance is the most appropriate control method for this disease. In this study, 62 introgression lines chosen from the crossing Saccharum officinarum L. cv. Ludashi x Erianthus rockii Yunnan 95-19 were evaluated for brown rust resistance using artificial inoculation. More than 30% of the introgression lines were identified as resistant. Clones Yunye 09-609, Yunye 09-618, Yunye 09-622, Yunye 09-636, Yunye 09-637, Yunye 09-645, Yunye 09-647 and Yunye 09-652 were shown to have high levels of resistance. The resistant lines identified in this study could be used as sources of brown rust resistance in sugarcane breeding programs.