The Neotropical genus Acanthocera Macquart is redefined. 28 species are presented with synonymic list, figures, diagnosis and key to females. The subgenus Nothocanthocera Fairchild of Dichelacera is transferred to Acanthocera, except for D. melanoptera Hine and one species is described: A. distincta, n. sp. The subgenus Mimodynerus Enderlein is synonymized with Acanthocera. A. hequaerti Fairchild & Aitken is revalidated. A. lutzi (Enderlein) is synonymized with A. coarctata (Wiedemann). The female of polistiformis Fairchild is described. A new lectotype is designated for A. tenuicornis.
Acanthocera; Diptera; Neotropics; Tabanidae; Taxonomy