Figure 1
Distribution of the explosive cyclogenesis cases second the intensity for the 2012-2016 period: a) 2012, b) 2013, c) 2014, d) 2015, e) 2016.
Figure 2
MSLP (black contours) and 500 hPa geopotential height (color contours) at the beginning of the explosive cycle of the cyclones (a- 01/03/ 2014, 00Z; c- 02/12/2014, 12Z; e- 01/15/2014, 00Z), and at the end of the explosive cycles with 6-6 hours trajectories (b- 01/04/2014, 00Z; d- 02/13/2014, 12Z; f- 01/16/2014, 00Z). Footnote 1, related to Figure 2:
Figure 3
MSLP (black contours) and 500 hPa geopotential height (color contours) at the beginning of the explosive cycle of the cyclones (a- 07/30//2012, 06Z; c- 07/13/2012, 00Z; e- 07/10/2012, 12Z), and at the end of the explosive cycles with 6-6 hours trajectories (b- 07/31//2012, 06Z; d- 07/14/2012, 00Z; f- 07/11/2012, 12Z).
Figure 4
Vertical zonal sections of EPV≥1,5PVU (in module) with color shading in the latitudes where the cyclones were localized at the beginning of the explosive development: (a- 01/03/2014, 00Z, 40ºS; b- 02/12/2014, 12Z, 50ºS; c- 01/15/2014, 00Z, 51ºS), and at the end of the explosive cycle: (d- 01/04/2014, 00Z, 50ºS; e- 02/13/2014, 12Z, 53ºS; f- 01/16/2014, 00Z, 55ºS).
Figure 5
Vertical zonal sections of EPV≥1,5 PVU (in module) with color shading in the latitudes where the cyclones were localized at the beginning of the explosive development: (a- 07/30/2012, 06Z, 40ºS; b- 07/13/2012, 00Z, 33ºS; c- 07/10/2012, 12Z, 42ºS), and at the end of the explosive cycle: (d- 07/31/2012, 06Z, 56ºS; e- 07/14/2012, 00Z, 44ºS; f- 07/11/2012, 12Z, 53ºS).
Figure 6
Satellite GOES-13 water vapor channel imagery (above) and EPV in the 500 hPa level (color shaded) with MSLP contours (below) respectively in the beginning of the explosive development of the cyclone (a and c – 01/03/2014, 00Z) and at the end of this cycle (b and d – 01/04/2014, 00Z).
Figure 7
Satellite GOES-13 water vapor channel imagery (above) and EPV in the 500 hPa level (color shaded) with MSLP contours (below) respectively in the beginning of the explosive development of the cyclone (a and c – 02/12/2014, 12Z) and at the end of this cycle (b and d – 02/13/2014, 12Z).
Figure 8
Satellite GOES-13 water vapor channel imagery (above) and EPV in the 500 hPa level (color shaded) with MSLP contours (below) respectively in the beginning of the explosive development of the cyclone (a and c – 01/15/2014, 00Z) and at the end of this cycle (b and d – 01/16/2014, 00Z).
Figure 9
Satellite GOES-13 water vapor channel imagery (above) and EPV in the 500 hPa level (color shaded) with MSLP contours (below) respectively in the beginning of the explosive development of the cyclone (a and c – 07/30/2012, 06Z) and at the end of this cycle (b and d – 07/31/2012, 06Z).
Figure 10
Satellite GOES-13 water vapor channel imagery (above) and EPV in the 500 hPa level (color shaded) with MSLP contours (below) respectively in the beginning of the explosive development of the cyclone (a and c – 07/13/2012, 00Z) and at the end of this cycle (b and d – 07/14/2012, 00Z).
Figure 11
Satellite GOES-13 water vapor channel imagery (above) and EPV in the 500 hPa level (color shaded) with MSLP contours (below) respectively in the beginning of the explosive development of the cyclone (a and c – 07/10/2012, 12Z) and at the end of this cycle (b and d – 07/11/2012, 12Z).
Figure 12
Wind magnitude in ms-1 (shaded) and streamlines at 250 hPa (contours) in the beginning of the explosive cycle (a- 01/03/2014, 00Z; b- 02/12/2014, 12Z; c- 01/15/2014, 00Z) and in the end of the cycle (d- 01/04/2014, 00Z; e- 02/13/2014, 12Z; f- 01/16/2014, 00Z).
Figure 13
Wind magnitude in ms-1 (shaded) and streamlines at 250 hPa (contours) in the beginning of the explosive cycle (a- 07/30/2012, 06Z; b- 07/13/2012, 00Z; c- 07/10/2012, 12Z) and in the end of the cycle (d- 07/31/2012, 06Z; e- 07/14/2012, 00Z; f- 07/11/2012, 12Z).
Figure 14
Vertical zonal sections of EPV≥1,5PVU contours (in module) and omega in color shading at the latitudes where the cyclones were localized at the beginning of the explosive development: (a- 01/03/2014, 00Z, 40ºS; b- 02/12/2014, 12Z, 50ºS; c- 01/15/2014, 00Z, 51ºS), and at the end of the explosive cycle: (d- 01/04/2014, 00Z, 50ºS; e- 02/13/2014, 12Z, 53ºS; f- 01/16/2014, 00Z, 55ºS).
Figure 15
Vertical zonal sections of EPV≥1,5PVU contours (in module) and omega in color shading at the latitudes where the cyclones were localized at the beginning of the explosive development: (a- 07/30/2012, 06Z, 40ºS; b- 07/13/2012, 00Z, 33ºS; c- 07/10/2012, 12Z, 42ºS), and at the end of the explosive cycle: (d- 07/31/2012, 06Z, 56ºS; e- 07/14/2012, 00Z, 44ºS; f- 07/11/2012, 12Z, 53ºS).
Figure 16
Vertical zonal sections of EPV≥1,5PVU contours (in module) and relative humidity in color shading at the latitudes where the cyclones were localized at the beginning of the explosive development: (a- 01/03/2014, 00Z, 40ºS; b- 02/12/2014, 12Z, 50ºS; c- 01/15/2014, 00Z, 51ºS), and at the end of the explosive cycle: (d- 01/04/2014, 00Z, 50ºS; e- 02/13/2014, 12Z, 53ºS; f- 01/16/2014, 00Z, 55ºS).
Figure 17
Vertical zonal sections of EPV≥1,5PVU contours (in module) and relative humidity in color shading at the latitudes where the cyclones were localized at the beginning of the explosive development: (a- 07/30/2012, 06Z, 40ºS; b- 07/13/2012, 00Z, 33ºS; c- 07/10/2012, 12Z, 42ºS), and at the end of the explosive cycle: (d- 07/31/2012, 06Z, 56ºS; e- 07/14/2012, 00Z, 44ºS; f- 07/11/2012, 12Z, 53ºS).
Figure 18
MSLP contours (black) and Latent Heat Flux (color shading). Initial positions: (a- 01/03/2014, 00Z; b- 02/12/2014, 12Z; c- 01/15/2014), 00Z), and final positions: (d- 01/04/2014, 00Z; e- 02/13/2014, 12Z; f- 01/16/2014, 00Z).
Figure 19
MSLP contours (black) and Latent Heat Flux (color shading). Initial positions: (a- 07/30/2012, 06Z, 40ºS; b- 07/13/2012, 00Z, 33ºS; c- 07/10/2012, 12Z, 42ºS), and at the end of the explosive cycle: (d- 07/31/2012, 06Z, 56ºS; e- 07/14/2012, 00Z, 44ºS; f- 07/11/2012, 12Z, 53ºS).
Figure 20
MSLP contours (black) and Sensible Heat Flux due to turbulence (color shading). Initial positions: (a- 01/03/2014, 00Z; b- 02/12/2014, 12Z; c- 01/15/2014), 00Z), and final positions: (d- 01/04/2014, 00Z; e- 02/13/2014, 12Z; f- 01/16/2014, 00Z).
Figure 21
MSLP contours (black) and Sensible Heat Flux due to turbulence (color shading). Initial positions: (a- 07/30/2012, 06Z, 40ºS; b- 07/13/2012, 00Z, 33ºS; c- 07/10/2012, 12Z, 42ºS), and at the end of the explosive cycle: (d- 07/31/2012, 06Z, 56ºS; e- 07/14/2012, 00Z, 44ºS; f- 07/11/2012, 12Z, 53ºS).
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