Morphometric Characterization of <i>Trypanosoma</i> spp. and blood parameters in <i>Pterygoplichthys pardalis</i> (Pisces: Loricariidae) from the Brazilian Amazon

SOUSA, LUCICLARA F. DE; SOUZA, DARLISON C. DE; COÊLHO, TÁSSIO A.; TAVARES-DIAS, MARCOS; CORRÊA, LINCOLN L.

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202020190577

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BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES • An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc. 92 (suppl 2) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020190577 linkcopy

Morphometric Characterization of Trypanosoma spp. and blood parameters in Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Pisces: Loricariidae) from the Brazilian Amazon

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Abstract

The present study describes Trypanosoma spp. infection and blood parameters in Pterygoplichthys pardalis from the Tapajós River basin in eastern Amazon (Brazil). Of 32 fish examined, 40.6% were infected by Trypanosoma spp., while a total of 112 trypomastigotes were found. Two Trypanosoma morphotypes were characterized and compared with species described in literature infecting other Loricariidae, and a similarity of 94% was found with one species described for another host. The plasma glucose and aspartate aminotransferase levels, hematocrit, number of total erythrocytes, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in the infected and uninfected fish were similar, but hemoglobin was lower in fish infected with Trypanosoma spp. Hemoglobin levels declined with the abundance of the hemoparasites, but the condition factor was similar among fish infected and uninfected by Trypanosoma spp. This is the first study on the hemoparasitism by Trypanosoma spp. and blood parameters in P. pardalis.

Key words
Hemoparasites; infection; freshwater fish; protozoan

Parameters	Mean ± Deviation	Minimum/Maximum
Total body length with flagellum	47.1 ± 8.9	32.3-73.7
Body length along the midline	39.6 ± 5.9	32.3-53.2
Distance from the center of the nucleus to the posterior extremity	21.4 ± 3.0	18.4-27.1
Distance from the center of the nucleus to the anterior extremity	19.6 ± 3.9	12.8-26.1
Length of the free flagellum	9.6 ± 7.2	0-28.7
Nucleus Length	3.0 ± 0.9	1.5-5.6
Nucleus width in center portion	1.6 ± 0.6	1.5-3.9
Body width in the center of the nucleus	2.4 ± 0.7	1.5-3.9
Distance from the center of the kinetoplast to the center of the nucleus	21.2 ± 3.0	14.7-26.8
Distance from the center of the kinetoplast to the posterior extremity	0.2 ± 0.1	0-0.4
Kinetoplast length	1.0 ± 0.2	0.7-1.4
Kinetoplast Width	0.7 ± 0.1	0.5-1.2

	Borges et al. (2016)	Corrêa et al. (2016) Morphotype I	Corrêa et al. (2016) Morphotype II	Corrêa et al. (2016) Morphotype III	Fujimoto et al. (2013)	Lemos et al. (2015) Morphotype I	Lemos et al. (2015) Morphotype II	Lemos et al. (2015) Morphotype III	Lemos et al. (2015) Morphotype IV	Present study
Borges et al. (2016)	1	94.00	76.00	90.82	96.68	84.72	86.98	95.58	99.10	95.60
Corrêa et al. (2016) Morphotype I	95.60	1	78.17	84.84	93.23	83.83	90.72	89.67	96.14	95.99
Corrêa et al. (2016) Morphotype II	95.99	99.10	1	87.09	81.73	82.25	93.99	89.13	89.08	95.52
Corrêa et al. (2016) Morphotype III	95.52	96.14	95.58	1	83.95	86.77	86.06	91.68	90.02	90.03
Fujimoto et al. (2013)	90.03	89.08	89.67	86.98	1	92.67	89.59	83.25	92.25	87.62
Lemos et al. (2015) Morphotype I	87.62	90.02	89.13	90.72	84.72	1	91.78	92.44	84.13	90.79
Lemos et al. (2015) Morphotype II	90.79	92.25	91.68	93.99	83.83	96.68	1	93.99	91.55	81.77
Lemos et al. (2015) Morphotype III	81.77	84.13	83.25	86.06	82.25	93.23	90.82	1	93.10	93.73
Lemos et al. (2015) Morphotype IV	93.73	91.55	92.44	89.59	86.77	81.73	84.84	76.00	1	95.41
Present study	95.41	93.10	93.99	91.78	92.67	83.95	87.09	78.17	94.00	1

Parameters	Non-parasitized fish (n = 19)	Parasitized fish (n = 13)	U	p
Weight (g)	340.6 ± 110.5^a	312.3 ± 125.6^a	111.0	0.631
Length (cm)	32.9 ± 2.9^a	32.1 ± 3.9^a	117.5	0.818
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L)	99.8 ± 68.8^a	80.0 ± 51.2^a	81.0	0.418
Glucose (mg/dL)	104.1 ± 59.0^a	101.5 ± 53.0^a	91.0	0.719
Red blood cells (x10⁶µL^-1)	2.04 ± 1.33^a	1.80 ± 0.42^a	15.0	0.391
Hematocrit (%)	41.5 ± 9.3^a	44.8 ± 9.2^a	83.0	0.209
Hemoglobin (g dL^-1)	14.8± 6.5^a	10.9 ± 4.5^b	62.0	0.018
MCV (fL)	247.3 ± 110.2^a	239.7 ± 37.1^a	21.0	1.00
MCHC (g/dL)	27.6 ± 12.8^a	34.5 ± 12.9^a	72.0	0.088
White blood cells (µL^-1)	30,710 ± 14,3^a	36,726 ±16,2^a	16.0	0.418
Thrombocytes (µL^-1)	33,595 ± 16,8^a	21,300 ± 12,8^a	15.0	0.398

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[tfnIII] MCV: Mean corpuscular volume; MCHC: Mean corpuscular hemoglobin Concentration; U: Mann-Whitney; Different letters (a) and (b) on the same line indicate differences between parasitized and non-parasitized fish.