A taxonomical survey was first carried out at a floristic inventory of the pigmented Euglena Ehr. (Euglenophyceae), based on the analisys of near 150 samples, collected from August 1980 to November 1982 at accessible bodies of water of the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro and surroundings, Brazil. Of the samples collected, 68 contained specimens of pigmented euglenoids, of these 36 showed repiesentatives of Euglena. Seventeen taxa were identified and distributed in 14 species and 3 varieties, of which 8 have already been identified for the State of Rio de Janeiro, being the others for the first time recorded in the area. Euglena agilis H. J. Cart, was the best represented taxon in number of samples studied, which occured in 22% of the 36 samples analized. Each taxon was described in detail, measured, illustrated and commented on the bases of vegetative morphology in living material and whenever possible studied from population samples. Information on geographic distribution of the 17 taxa in the State of Rio de Janeiro was provided, as well a indented artificial key for the recognition of species and varieties identified. Forty eight illustrations, a map of the State and another of the Municipality to show the collecting sites, complement the text.
Algae; Euglenophyceae; Pigmented Euglena