Clinical data - characteristics
|
Age |
52.61 ± 12.53 |
57.96 ± 8.61 |
< 0.001 |
Female (%) |
61 (27.4%) |
6 (11.8%) |
0.019 |
BMI11 Kannel WB, Abbott RD, Savage DD, McNamara PM. Epidemiologic features of chronic atrial fibrillation: the Framingham study. N Engl J Med. 1982;306(17):1018-22. (kg/m2) |
26.80 ± 4.07 |
27.47 ± 4.78 |
0.361 |
Ischemic etiology (%) |
90 (40.4%) |
14 (27.5%) |
0.087 |
ACEi22 Santhanakrishnan R, Wang N, Larson MG, Magnani JW, McManus DD, Lubitz SA, et al. Atrial fibrillation begets heart failure and vice versa: temporal associations and differences in preserved versus reduced ejection fraction. Circulation. 2016;133(5):484-92./ARA33 Braunwald E. Cardiovascular medicine at the turn of the millennium: triumphs, concerns, and opportunities. N Engl J Med. 1997;337(19):1360-9. (%) |
211 (96.3%) |
50 (98.0%) |
0.544 |
BB44 Pocock SJ, Wang D, Pfeffer MA, Yusuf S, McMurray JJ, Swedberg KB, et al. Predictors of mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2006;27(1):65-75. (%) |
179 (80.3%) |
40 (78.4%) |
0.768 |
MRA55 Dries DL, Exner DV, Gersh BJ, Domanski MJ, Waclawiw MA, Stevenson LW. Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk for mortality and heart failure progression in patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction: a retrospective analysis of the SOLVD trials. Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32(3):695-703. (%) |
184 (72.2%) |
38 (74.5%) |
0.677 |
Diabetes (%) |
43 (21.4%) |
10 (22.7%) |
0.846 |
Baseline66 Carson PE, Johnson GR, Dunkman WB, Fletcher RD, Farrell L, Cohn JN. The influence of atrial fibrillation on prognosis in mild to moderate heart failure. The V-HeFT Studies. The V-HeFT VA Cooperative Studies Group. Circulation. 1993;87(6 Suppl):VI102-10. ICD (%) |
109 (49.8%) |
27 (52.9%) |
0.493 |
Baseline77 Mehra MR, Canter CE, Hannan MM, Semigran MJ, Uber PA, Baran DA, et al. The 2016 International Society for Heart Lung Transplantation listing criteria for heart transplantation: a 10-year update. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2016;35(1):1-23. CRT (%) |
48 (21.5%) |
12 (23.5%) |
0.781 |
HFSS88 Butler J, Khadim G, Paul KM, Davis SF, Kronenberg MW, Chomsky DB, et al. Selection of patients for heart transplantation in the current era of heart failure therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43(5):787-93.
|
8.77 ± 0.95 |
8.22 ± 0.93 |
< 0.001 |
Laboratorial data
|
Glomerular filtration rate (ml/min) |
76.84 ± 30.20 |
65.03 ± 29.05 |
0.012 |
Sodium (mEq/L) |
137.8 (135.7-139.3) |
136.9 (133.6-139.3) |
0.052 |
NT-proBNP (pg/ml) |
2,046.79 ± 2,223.07 |
3,247.38 ± 4,578.571 |
0.097 |
Echocardiographic data
|
LVEDD99 Aaronson KD, Schwartz JS, Chen TM, Wong KL, Goin JE, Mancini DM. Development and prospective validation of a clinical index to predict survival in ambulatory patients referred for cardiac transplant evaluation. Circulation. 1997;95(12):2660-7. (mm/m2) |
38 (35-43) |
38 (35-43) |
0.237 |
LVEF1010 Guazzi M, Arena R, Halle M, Piepoli MF, Myers J, Lavie CJ. 2016 Focused update: clinical recommendations for cardiopulmonary exercise testing data assessment in specific patient populations. Circulation. 2016;133(24):e694-711. (%) |
29 (22-34) |
26 (20-30) |
0.010 |
MR III-IV1111 Hanley JA, McNeil BJ. The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology. 1982;143(1):29-36. (%) |
87 (39.0%) |
12 (23.5%) |
0.073 |
RV dysfunction (%) |
29 (13.0%) |
22 (40%) |
< 0.001 |
CPET data
|
Initial HR1313 van Veldhuisen DJ, Boomsma F, de Kam PJ, Man in't Veld AJ, Crijns HJ, Hampton JR, et al. Influence of age on neurohormonal activation and prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 1998;19(5):753-60.
|
82 (72-92) |
83 (70-100) |
0.232 |
Maximal HR |
137 (121-157) |
130 (115-179) |
0.747 |
Maximal HR predicted (%) |
82.77 ± 12.86 |
86.88 ± 23.37 |
0.230 |
Delta HR during exercise |
53 (39-71) |
52 (34-64) |
0.636 |
HHR11414 Ho KK, Anderson KM, Kannel WB, Grossman W, Levy D. Survival after the onset of congestive heart failure in Framingham Heart Study subjects. Circulation. 1993;88(1):107-15.
|
17 (12-26) |
16 (10-25) |
0.624 |
Initial SBP1515 Dries DL, Exner DV, Domanski MJ, Greenberg B, Stevenson LW. The prognostic implications of renal insufficiency in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35(3):681-9.
|
115 (110-125) |
1,110 (100-120) |
0.026 |
Maximal SBP |
155.30 ± 26.83 |
145.92 ± 28.98 |
0.028 |
Duration of CPET1616 Al-Ahmad A, Rand WM, Manjunath G, Konstam MA, Salem DN, Levey AS, et al. Reduced kidney function and anemia as risk factors for mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38(4):955-62. (min) |
10.83 ± 3.99 |
8.53 ± 4.30 |
< 0.001 |
Peak RER1717 Hillege HL, Girbes AR, de Kam PJ, Boomsma F, de Zeeuw D, Charlesworth A, et al. Renal function, neurohormonal activation, and survival in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation. 2000;102(2):203-10.
|
1.10 ± 0.09 |
1.11 ± 0.09 |
0.340 |
pVO2 (ml/kg/min) |
20.27 ± 5.54 |
17.81 ± 5.55 |
0.005 |
pVO2 predicted (%) |
68.12 ± 17.65 |
63.12 ± 18.29 |
0.072 |
VE/VCO2 slope |
30.64 ± 6.78 |
34.33 ± 8.88 |
0.006 |
OUES |
1.83 ± 0.58 |
1.64 ± 0.60 |
0.035 |
AT1818 Di Salvo TG, Mathier M, Semigran MJ, Dec GW. Preserved right ventricular ejection fraction predicts exercise capacity and survival in advanced heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;25(5):1143-53. time (minutes) |
7.49 ± 3.44 |
5.49 ± 3.63 |
< 0.001 |
pVO2 (ml/kg/min) at AT |
16.35 ± 4.29 |
14.29 ± 4.32 |
0.002 |