Supplementation of Curcuma longa hydrolate improves immunomodulatory response in Nile tilapia reared in a recirculation aquaculture system

Pereira, M.O.; Moraes, A.V.; Rodhermel, J.C.B.; Hess, J.D.; Alves, L.; Chaaban, A.; Jatobá, A.

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-11811

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Veterinary Medicine • Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec. 72 (05) • Sep-Oct 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11811 copy

Supplementation of Curcuma longa hydrolate improves immunomodulatory response in Nile tilapia reared in a recirculation aquaculture system

[Suplementação de extrato aquoso de Curcuma longa aprimorando a resposta imunomoduladora em tilápias cultivadas em sistema de recirculação em aquicultura]

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with different doses of Curcuma longa hydrolate on the hematological, immunological and zootechnical parameters of Nile tilapia cultivated in a recirculation system (RAS). Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were used, distributed in 16 polyethylene boxes, divided into four treatments: 0.0%; 2.5%; 7.5% and 10.0% of Curcuma longa hydrolate, in quadruplicate. After 45 days of treatment, four fish per experimental unit were anesthetized to remove blood aliquot for hematological and immunological analyzes and dissect the liver to evaluate the hepatosomatic index and final biometry. In the haematological analysis, the fish fed with 2.5% had a higher number of leukocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes than control, while the doses of 7.5% and 10.0% did not differ. Antimicrobial activity showed a significant decrease as the dose of C. longa hydrolate increased. The other hematological, immunological, hepatosomatic index and zootechnical data did not differ between treatments. Thus, supplementation of the hydrolate of Curcuma longa at a dosage of 2.5%, improved and maintained blood-immune homeostasis parameters in these animals, being suggested for further studies.

Keywords:
alternative therapeutics; phytotherapeutics; curcumin; immunomodulatory

Treatment	Hydrolate (%)	Distilled water (%)	Moisture (%)
0.0% (Control)	0.0	10.0	10.0
2.5%	2.5	7.5	10.0
7.5%	7.5	2.5	10.0
10.0%	10.0	0.0	10.0

Parameters	Treatments
Parameters	0.0%	2.5%	7.5%	10.0%
Dissolved oxygen (mg.L^-1)	5.36±1.52^a	5.12±1.12^a	5.26±1.21^a	5.31±1.72^a
Temperature (ºC)	22.21±2.37^a	22.25±2.21^a	22.45±3.01^a	22.78±1.34^a
pH	7.53±0.31^a	7.51±0.22^a	7.30 ±0.41^a	7.44±0.21^a
Total ammonia (mg.L^-1)	0.11±0.05^a	0.12±0.06^a	0.11±0.02^a	0.16±0.05^a
Nitrite (mg.L^-1)	0.05±0.02^a	0.05±0.02^a	0.05±0.01^a	0.05±0.03^a

Parameters	Treatments
Parameters	0 %	2.5%	7.5 %	10.0%
Leukocyte (x 10⁴.µL^-1)	12.15±2.90^a	27.49±5.60^b	23.70±6.00^ab	23.04±7.40^ab
Thrombocyte (x 10⁴.µL^-1)	15.55±4.50^a	21.39±5.10^a	18.70±5.20^a	23.52±6.80^a
Basophil (x 10³.µL^-1)	0.00±0.00^a	0.00±0.00^a	0.00±0.00^a	0.46±0.40^a
Monocyte (x 10³.µL^-1)	15.30±2.30^a	25.50±4.50^b	14.40±3.70^a	18.20±7.30^ab
Lymphocyte (x 10³.µL^-1)	205.00±7.00^a	243.00±21.00^b	220.00±13.10^ab	207.00±7.79^ab
Neutrophil (x 10³.µL^-1)	1.28±0.90^a	4.59±2.20^b	8.79±3.30^b	3.12±1.50^ab
Eosinophil (x 10³.µL^-1)	0.00±0.00^a	0.65±0.40^a	0.00±0.00^a	0.00±0.00^a
Erythrocytes (10⁶µL^-1)	2.40±0.60^a	3.80±0.70^a	3.48±0.70^a	3.10±0.70^a
Hematocrit (%)	29.05±2.40^a	29.21±2.60^a	30.00±3.00^a	30.50±2.00^a

Parameters	Treatments
Parameters	0 %	2.5%	7.5 %	10.0%
Protein (mg.L^-1)	47.09±5.96^a	43.84±7.22^a	42.28±4.99^a	43.59±3.76^a
Immunoglobulin (mg.L^-1)	20.17±5.49^a	17.38±5.16^a	17.71±7.68^a	18.72±6.25^a
Lysozyme (UI.mL^-1)	224.04±52.74^a	233.30±44.30^a	160.62±30.81^a	224.00 ±32.30^a
Antimicrobial Activity (Log2_(x+1))	1.58±0.00^b	1.58±0.00^b	1.19±0.79^ab	0.40±0.79^a
Agglutination titer (Log2)	4.00±0.82^a	3.75±0.50^a	4.00±0.58^a	3.75±0.96^a
Glucose (mg dl^-1)	75.33±15.70^a	70.0±32.90^a	86.8±22.30^a	75.5±12.20^a

Parameters	Treatments
Parameters	0 %	2.5%	7.5 %	10.0%
Final weight (g)	102.10±18.40^a	104.03±9.60^a	100.40±14.40^a	94.22±10.90^a
Final length (cm)	16.73±1.00^a	16.88±0.50^a	16.67±0.80^a	16.48±0.70^a
Specific growth rate (%.day^-1)	2.37±0.10^a	2.41±0.00^a	2.37±0.10^a	2.31±0.10^a
Hepatosomatic index (%)	3.32±0.40^a	2.95±0.30^a	2.77 ±0.40^a	2.51±0.20^a

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária Caixa Postal 567, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte MG - Brazil, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-2041, Tel.: (55 31) 3409-2042 - Belo Horizonte - MG - Brazil
E-mail: abmvz.artigo@gmail.com

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[1] *Autor para correspondência (corresponding author) E-mail: jatobaadolfo@gmail.com