PURPOSE: To analyze the effects of chronic ethanol intake on the optic nerve in an adult rat model. METHODS: Twelve male, 30-day-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 experimental groups: "treated" (TG), with 8 animals, fed standard laboratory rodent chow and a mixture of tap water and ethanol ad libitum; and "control" (CG), with 4 animals, fed the same chow and pure tap water ad libitum. After 40 weeks all rats were sacrificed, having their optic nerves prepared for both licht and electron microscopy. The cross-sectional area of each nerve, at a magnification of ´500, as well as the number of axons within 5 randomized field areas, at a magnification of ´2000, were measured by using an image digitizer. Randomized sampling was made for taking 10 photomicrographs of each nerve (5 central and 5 peripheral) at a magnification of ´4200 in a transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: Morphometric analysis showed no significant differences between both groups. In contrast with CG, the ultrastructural examination of TG optic nerves showed severe disarrangement of myelin sheaths, which became thicker, with separation of their lamellae, presenting sometimes electron-dense degenerations between them, and also many degenerated organellae. CONCLUSION: Our findings show ultrastructural alterations in the optic nerve of adult rats following chronic ethanol consumption, without morphometric changes.
Optic nerve; Optical nerve; Microscopy, electron; Ethanol; Rats
