INTRODUCTION: The balance of the oculomotor system depends on multiple factors, whose corrections are usually based on indirect procedures (modifications of muscular responses but not of the innervational causes) and unsatisfactory in many cases (correction of paralysis, dyssynergic movements, nystagmus). Use of methods for the specific control of the innervational command has not been possible because of the peculiarities of the central nervous system. Therefore, the solution remains the application of forces for rotational movements or for their contention directly on the eye itself. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE METHODS: FORCES FOR ROTATIONS: Among the methods which may produce ocular rotations that of muscular transpositions is reviewed, with a proposition to favor the abducting action of the oblique muscles. References are also made about methods based on forces accumulated by distensible mechanisms; generated by electric stimulation of muscles or generated by magnetic fields (in experimental models). RESTRICTIVE FORCES: For restraining excessive or undesirable muscular actions, the propositions are of using forces generated by distensible fixations (of the eye to the orbit), by magnetic fields, or by increased friction during the rotational ocular movement, caused by increased viscosity.
Ocular motility disorders; Diagnostic techniques; ophthalmological; Oculomotor muscles
