Association between disorganization of the retinal inner layers and capillary nonperfusion area in patients with retinal vein occlusion

Figure 1
Disorganization of the retinal inner layers (DRIL) in the fovea was defined as the horizontal extent in microns for which any boundaries between the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer complex, inner nuclear layer, and outer plexiform layer were indistinguishable. The DRIL extent of this patient was calculated as 824 microns.

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Figure 2
Density assessment tool of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) (above) and B-scan of the fovea (below). A) Segmentation was between the internal limiting membrane and the inner plexiform layer in the superficial capillary plexus. B) Segmentation was between the inner nuclear layer and the outer plexiform layer in the deep capillary plexus.

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Figure 3
Non-flow assessment tool of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) (above) and B-scan of the fovea (below). Segmentation was between the internal limiting membrane and the inner plexiform layer in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP). A) Non-flow angiogram of SCP. B) Capillary nonperfusion areas (mm²) were automatically calculated via OCTA in the SCP. C) Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) areas (mm2) were automatically calculated via OCTA in the SCP.

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Figure 4
Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) assessment tool of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) (above) and B-scan of the fovea (below). Segmentation was between the internal limiting membrane and the outer plexiform layer in full retinal vasculature. FAZ areas (mm²) were automatically calculated via OCTA in full retinal vasculature. PERIM (mm), perimeter of FAZ; AI, acircularity of FAZ; FD (%), foveal vessel density in a 300-µm-wide region around FAZ (FD-300).

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Figure 5
Evaluation of the same patient shown in figure 1 through optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Capillary nonperfusion areas comply with areas of disorganization of the retinal inner layers (DRIL). A) Superficial capillary plexus segmentation. B) Deep capillary plexus segmentation. C) B-scan of the fovea.

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Table 1
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients included in this study

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Table 2
Association of DRIL extent and CNP area with OCTA parameters

Variable
Age (years)
Mean ± SD	58.27 ± 11.31
Range	(51-69)
Sex (n)
Male (%)	18 (52.9)
Female (%)	16 (47.1)
CCT, μm
Mean ± SD	528 ± 24.66
Range	(495-569)
Axial length, μm
Mean ± SD	22.89 ± 0.12
Range	(22.65-23.10)
Spherical equivalent, D
Mean ± SD	0.18 ± 0.79
Range	(-2.0-1.0)
IOP, mmHg
Mean ± SD	14.94 ± 6.55
Range	(8-19)

		DRIL extent (μ)		CNP area (mm²)
Variables	Mean ± standard deviation (range)	p^* * The mean FAZ, density, and non-flow assessment tool parameters of optical coherence tomography angiography and their Pearson's correlation coefficients for the DRIL extent and CNP areas. Values in bold font are significant (p<0.05). DRIL= disorganization of retinal inner layers; FAZ= foveal avascular zone; FRV= full retinal vasculature; AI= acircularity index; FD= foveal density; CNP= capillary nonperfusion; SCP= superficial capillary plexus; DCP= deep capillary plexus.	r^* * The mean FAZ, density, and non-flow assessment tool parameters of optical coherence tomography angiography and their Pearson's correlation coefficients for the DRIL extent and CNP areas. Values in bold font are significant (p<0.05). DRIL= disorganization of retinal inner layers; FAZ= foveal avascular zone; FRV= full retinal vasculature; AI= acircularity index; FD= foveal density; CNP= capillary nonperfusion; SCP= superficial capillary plexus; DCP= deep capillary plexus.	p^* * The mean FAZ, density, and non-flow assessment tool parameters of optical coherence tomography angiography and their Pearson's correlation coefficients for the DRIL extent and CNP areas. Values in bold font are significant (p<0.05). DRIL= disorganization of retinal inner layers; FAZ= foveal avascular zone; FRV= full retinal vasculature; AI= acircularity index; FD= foveal density; CNP= capillary nonperfusion; SCP= superficial capillary plexus; DCP= deep capillary plexus.	r^* * The mean FAZ, density, and non-flow assessment tool parameters of optical coherence tomography angiography and their Pearson's correlation coefficients for the DRIL extent and CNP areas. Values in bold font are significant (p<0.05). DRIL= disorganization of retinal inner layers; FAZ= foveal avascular zone; FRV= full retinal vasculature; AI= acircularity index; FD= foveal density; CNP= capillary nonperfusion; SCP= superficial capillary plexus; DCP= deep capillary plexus.
Non-flow assesment tool
FAZ area in SCP (mm²)	0.72 ± 0.20 (0.41-1.22)	0.014	0.540	0.036	0.484
FAZ assesment tool
FAZ area in FRV (mm²)	0.30 ± 0.14 (0.05-0.57)	0.668	0.102	0.424	0.195
Perimeter (mm)	2.17 ± 0.51 (1.04-3.06)	0.150	0.343	0.881	0.037
AI	1.10 ± 0.03 (1.04-1.16)	0.237	0.285	0.846	0.048
FD (%)	46.42 ± 7.14 (24.15-58.78)	0.031	-0.496	0.022	-0.523
Density assesment tool
Vessel density SCP %
Fovea	15.96 ± 4.54 (5.0-27.2)	0.238	-0.285	0.990	0.003
Parafovea	44.67 ± 5.80 (34.90-55.10)	<0.001	-0.802	<0.001	-0.826
Perifovea	46.22 ± 5.52 (38.10-54.90)	<0.001	-0.858	<0.001	-0.939
Vessel density DCP %
Fovea	31.17 ± 9.72 (16.30-47.80)	0.309	-0.247	0.319	-0.241
Parafovea	47.32 ± 5.91 (37.60-58.30)	<0.001	-0.721	<0.001	-0.809
Perifovea	46.07 ± 11.56 (35.60-59.80)	0.006	-0.618	0.003	-0.653

[1] Corresponding author: Yasin Sakir Goker. E-mail: yasingoker5367@hotmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Association between disorganization of the retinal inner layers and capillary nonperfusion area in patients with retinal vein occlusion

Associação entre a desorganização das camadas internas da retina e areas sem perfusão capilar em pacientes com oclusão de veia retiniana

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusions: