A multicriteria model for ranking best practices to mitigate making-do waste

Amaral, Tatiana Gondim do; Del Grosso Filho, Renato Rafael; Pessoni, Rubia Cristina de Souza; Galo, Nadya Regina; Barkokebas, Beda

doi:10.1590/s1678-86212025000100928

person Tatiana Gondim do Amaral

Conceptualization · Methodology · Project administration · Resources · Supervision · Validation · Writing – original draft · Writing – review & editing

schoolUniversidade Federal de Goiás. Goiânia – GO - Brasil

0000-0002-9746-4025

person Renato Rafael Del Grosso Filho

Data curation · Formal analysis · Investigation · Methodology · Visualization · Writing – original draft

schoolUniversidade Federal de Goiás. Aparecida de Goiânia – GO - Brasil

0000-0003-4033-7129

person Rubia Cristina de Souza Pessoni

Data curation

schoolUniversidade Federal de Goiás. Aparecida de Goiânia – GO - Brasil

0000-0001-5318-6820

person Nadya Regina Galo

Supervision · Writing – review & editing

schoolUniversidade Federal Fluminense. Faculdade de Administração e Ciências Contábeis. Departamento de Empreendedorismo e Gestão. Niterói – RJ – Brasil

0000-0001-6641-5610

person Beda Barkokebas

Supervision

schoolPontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile. Departamento de Ingeniería y Gestión de la Construcción. Santiago - Chile

0000-0002-0054-1320

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção | Universidade Federal de Goiás | E-mail:
rubia@discente.ufg.br

Editores:

Carlos Torres Formoso, Ariovaldo Denis Granja e Dayana Bastos Costa

Quantity	Education	Professional experience	Level of decision-making	Linguistic Variable for the Experts’ Degree of Importance	L	m	u	Triangular Fuzzy Number
0	Student	Up to 5 years	N.A (Not applicable)	Low	0	0.2	0.4	0, 0.2, 0.4
1	Completed Higher education	From 5 to 10 years	Operational	Average	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.2, 0.4, 0.6
6	Post-graduate	From 10 to 15 years	Tactical	High	0.4	0.6	0.8	0.4, 0.6, 0.8
3	Master´s or above	Over 15 years	Strategic	Very high	0.6	0.8	1	0.6, 0.8, 1

Management solution	Concept	Application	References
BIM	Methodology integrating all data required for facility construction	Parametric modeling – enhanced project representation Team coordination – quantities, budgets, and schedules Information and time management	Menezes (2011)
Lean	A philosophy aimed at eliminating waste, reducing costs, minimizing internal supplier variability, and meeting customer needs.	Physical production processes Management processes Project process Production planning and control process	Shah and Ward (2007)
Supply Chain Management	Management of all activities involved in supply chain logistics	Managing the material purchasing and receiving process Supplier competence and evaluation Inventory control	Goldsby and Martichenko (2005)
Project Management	Set of processes used in a project to produce a product or service	Management of schedules, costs, and quality Strategic and performance planning Knowledge and skills management Comparative assessment	Ika (2009); Alberico, Silva and Corrêa (2018) and Alencar and Santana (2010)
Big Data	Advanced analytical techniques operating on large datasets	Big Data management Data analysis using mathematical and computational techniques	Belluzo et al. (2016)
Digital disruptive technologies	Technologies whose market can disrupt or break an established paradigm	Workplace automation, Internet of Things, Cloud technology, Advanced robotics, Autonomous vehicles, Energy storage, 3D printing, Artificial intelligence	Schuelke-Leech (2021) and Marcandali (2019)
Event simulation	Operational research tool that creates a virtual model to test and analyze the behavior of a system or process before implementing it in practice	Computational simulation (software) Simulation of planning, scheduling, and coordination of activities for time and cost control	Banks (1998) and Vergara et al. (2017)
Labor versatility	Multiplication of human capacity through the ability to interact and perform an increasing number of functions in the production process	Increased productivity Reduced hiring costs Lower turnover Process flexibility	Bálsamo and Zoki (2001) and Cardoso, Abreu and Marchiori (2019)
Process standardi-zation	Process standardization refers to the establishment of consistent and uniform business procedures, with process documentation, to carry out specific tasks.	Process performance indicators Standard operating procedures	Coscarelli (2010)

Prerequisites	Descriptions	Authors
Information	Availability of adequate information regarding work plans	Sommer (2010) Koskela (2004)
Materials and components	Availability of materials and components in the required quality and quantity, according to project specifications and standards	Sommer (2010) Koskela (2004)
Labor	Availability of the necessary human resources, in terms of quantity and qualification	Sommer (2010) Koskela (2004)
Tools and equipment	Availability and functionality of equipment for activities	Sommer (2010) Koskela (2004)
Space	Availability of workspace, circulation areas, or material storage	Sommer (2010) Koskela (2004)
Interdependent tasks	Highly interdependent activities that affect subsequent tasks	Sommer (2010) Koskela (2004)
External conditions	Wind, rain, or extreme temperatures	Sommer (2010) Koskela (2004)
Temporary facilities	Temporary electrical and hydraulic installations, scaffolding and enclosures for site safety, and storage area isolation	Sommer (2010)

Linguistic Variables for Decision-Maker Evaluation	Triangular fuzzy number
Linguistic Variables for Decision-Maker Evaluation	l	m	u
Very low	0	0.1	0.2
Low	0	0.2	0.4
Average	0.2	0.4	0.6
High	0.4	0.6	0.8
Very high	0.6	0.8	1

Criteria	Weight
Information	Very high
Materials and components	Very high
Labor	Very high
Tools and equipment	Average
Temporary facilities	Average
Interdependent tasks	Very high
External conditions	Average
Space	Average

Linguistic variable	Numeric scale
Very low	1
Low	2
Average	3
High	4
Very high	5

Education	Quantity	Professional experience	Quantity	Level of decision	Quantity
Student	0	Up to 5 years	0	NA (Not applicable)	0
Completed higher education	1	From 5 to 10 years	6	Operational	1
Post-graduate	6	From 10 to 15 years	3	Tactical	7
Master´s or above	3	Over 15 years	1	Strategic	2

Alternatives	Criteria
Alternatives	Information	Materials and components	Labor	Tools and equipment	Temporary facilities	Interdependent tasks	External conditions	Space
BIM	0,47714	0,43055	0,32809	0,29743	0,26277	0,43055	0,30307	0,39934
Lean	0,43753	0,43080	0,42278	0,39308	0,29230	0,41302	0,30531	0,40056
Supply chain management	0,43753	0,51896	0,38224	0,38224	0,25946	0,32341	0,40827	0,36002
Project management	0,45162	0,37210	0,34794	0,30604	0,26087	0,38005	0,31966	0,33948
Big Data	0,42404	0,41230	0,42404	0,30604	0,23571	0,32346	0,28460	0,28874
Digital disruptive technologies	0,44370	0,41460	0,42669	0,41137	0,33191	0,36710	0,27248	0,34794
Event simulation	0,40701	0,39857	0,42669	0,41797	0,38852	0,42044	0,39013	0,39672
Labor versatility	0,33780	0,42669	0,52759	0,38894	0,27248	0,47869	0,25816	0,31238
Process Standardization	0,48020	0,50692	0,50563	0,49749	0,32476	0,45705	0,24704	0,36113

Weights/ Alternatives		Criteria
Weights/ Alternatives		Information	Materials and components	Labor	Tools and equipment	Temporary facilities	Interdependent tasks	External conditions	Space
Weights	Weights	Very high	Very high	Very high	Average	Average	Very high	Average	Average
	Numerical weights	5	5	5	3	3	5	3	3
	Normalized weights	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1
Alternatives	BIM	0.153	0.062	0.000	0.000	0.017	0.108	0.033	0.093
	Lean	0.109	0.062	0.074	0.045	0.035	0.090	0.034	0.094
	Supply chain management	0.109	0.156	0.042	0.040	0.015	0.000	0.094	0.060
	Poject management	0.125	0.000	0.016	0.004	0.015	0.057	0.042	0.043
	Big Data	0.095	0.043	0.075	0.004	0.000	0.000	0.022	0.000
	Digital disruptive technologies	0.116	0.045	0.077	0.053	0.059	0.044	0.015	0.050
	Event simulation	0.076	0.028	0.077	0.056	0.094	0.098	0.083	0.091
	Labor versatility	0.000	0.058	0.156	0.043	0.023	0.156	0.006	0.020
	Process standardiza-tion	0.156	0.143	0.139	0.094	0.055	0.134	0.000	0.061
Maximum solution +	S+	0.156	0.156	0.156	0.094	0.094	0.156	0.094	0.094
Maximum solution -	S-	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Alternative	Euclidean distance +		Euclidean distance -
BIM	d1 +	0.23	d1-	0.22
Lean	d2 +	0.18	d2-	0.21
Supply chain management	d3 +	0.22	d3-	0.23
Project management	d4 +	0.27	d4-	0.15
Big Data	d5 +	0.28	d5-	0.13
Digital disruptive technologies	d6 +	0.21	d6-	0.18
Event simulation	d7 +	0.18	d7-	0.22
Labor versatility	d8 +	0.23	d8-	0.23
Process standardization	d9 +	0.11	d9-	0.31
BIM	d1 +	0.23	d1-	0.22

Alternative	Relative closeness
BIM	CC ₁	0.49
Lean	CC ₂	0.54
Supply chain management	CC ₃	0.51
Project management	CC ₄	0.36
Big Data	CC ₅	0.32
Digital disruptive technologies	CC ₆	0.46
Event simulation	CC ₇	0.55
Labor versatility	CC ₈	0.50
Process standardization	CC ₉	0.74

SCENARIO 1: Criteria according to analyses by Amaral et al. (2023)				SCENARIO 2: Criteria with the same importance
Criteria	Criteria weight	Relative proximity		Criteria	Criteria weight	Relative proximity
Information	Very high	BIM	0,49	Information	Average	BIM	0,47
Materials and components	Very high	Lean	0,54	Materials and components	Average	Lean	0,54
Manpower	Very high	Supply chain management	0,51	Manpower	Average	Supply chain management	0,52
Equipment/tools	Average	Project management	0,36	Equipment/tools	Average	Project management	0,34
Temporary installations	Average	Big Data	0,32	Temporary installations	Average	Big Data	0,27
Interdependent tasks	Very high	Disruptive (digital) technologies	0,46	Interdependent tasks	Average	Disruptive (digital) technologies	0,47
External conditions	Average	Event simulation	0,55	External conditions	Average	Event simulation	0,62
Space	Average	Workforce versatility	0,50	Space	Average	Workforce versatility	0,45
----	----	Standardization of processes	0,74	----	----	Standardization of processes	0,66
*SCENARIO 3: Criteria according to analyses by Amaral et al. (2022)*				SCENARIO 4: Criterion of greatest importance: external conditions
Criteria	Criteria weight	Relative proximity		Criteria	Criteria weight	Relative proximity
Information	Low	BIM	0,37	Information	Low	BIM	0,43
Materials and components	Very high	Lean	0,49	Materials and components	Low	Lean	0,48
Manpower	Very high	Supply chain management	0,56	Manpower	Low	Supply Chain Management	0,63
Equipment/tools	Low	Project management	0,23	Equipment/tools	Low	Project management	0,38
Temporary installations	Low	Big Data	0,33	Temporary installations	Low	Big Data	0,26
Interdependent tasks	Low	Disruptive (digital) technologies	0,43	Interdependent tasks	Low	Disruptive (digital) technologies	0,37
External conditions	Low	Event simulation	0,48	External conditions	Very high	Event simulation	0,69
Space	Low	Workforce versatility	0,55	Space	Low	Workforce versatility	0,35
----	----	Standardization of processes	0,76	----	----	Standardization of processes	0,47

D i = \begin{matrix} A_{1} \\ A_{2} \\ ⋮ \\ A_{m} \end{matrix} (\begin{array}{cccc} C_{1} & C_{2} & C_{3} & C_{n} \\ \begin{array}{c} x_{11} \end{array} & x_{12} & \dots & x_{1 n} \\ x_{21} & x_{22} & \dots & x_{2 n} \\ ⋮ & ⋮ & ⋮ & ⋮ \\ x_{m 1} & x_{m 2} & \dots & x_{m n} \end{array})

A multicriteria model for ranking best practices to mitigate making-do waste

Modelo multicritério de ranqueamento de boas práticas na contenção das perdas por making-do

Abstract