One-hundred male norvegicus rats, approximately 3-months old, were randomly assigned to two experimental groups: Control Group (CG) included 50 non-diabetic control rats and Diabetic Group (DG) included 50 alloxan untreated-diabetic rats. Each group was further divided into 5 subgroups of 10 rats and sacrificed at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of follow-up, respectively. Clinical (body weight, water and food intake and urine output) and laboratory parameters (blood glucose, urinary glucose and insulin) were documented in all moments of evaluation. A segment of the sciatic nerve was taken from each animal in both groups for light and eletron microscopy. Significant clinical and laboratory changes (P<0.01), compatibles with severe diabetes, were observed in all animals of DG beginning at 4 th day after diabetes induction. There were no significant changes in the number of myelinic fibers and of glycogen granules in DG rats when compared with CG rats at 1, 3, and 6 months of follow-up. However, DG rats presented a significantly decreased number of myelinic fibers, with increase of the number of smaller myelinic fibers, when compared with CG rats (P < 0.05) at 9 and 12 months of follow-up. Intra-axonal glycogen granules were also more evident in DG rats in these periods. No difference was observed between the two experimental groups in the number of unmyelinated fibers. There was also no structural difference in both groups in the intra-axonal and endoneural spaces, in the myelin sheath or in the Schwann cells all over the study.
Diabetes Mellitus; Alloxan; Sciatic nerve
