Essential oils of Tahiti lemon and cinnamon bark in control of storage fungi and the physiological and sanitary quality of beans

Valentini, Renan Paganini; Bonome, Lisandro Tomas da Silva; Moura, Gabriela Silva; Siqueira, Diogo José; Tomazi, Yasmin; Franzener, Gilmar; Bittencourt, Henrique von Hertwig

doi:10.1590/1808-1657000172019

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SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE, PLANT PATHOLOGY • Arq. Inst. Biol. 86 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000172019 copy

Essential oils of Tahiti lemon and cinnamon bark in control of storage fungi and the physiological and sanitary quality of beans

Óleos essenciais de limão Taiti e canela em casca no controle de fungos de armazenamento e na qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de feijão

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

With the objective to evaluate the efficiency of essential oils of Citrus latifolia (Tahiti lemon) and Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon bark) in the control of plant pathogens Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. and the quality of the bean seeds, two experiments were conducted. In the first one, the effect of essential oils of C. latifolia and C. zeylanicum was evaluated in vitro development of the fungi Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. and, in the second one, the influence of essential oils on the physiological and sanitary quality of bean seeds. The variables mycelial growth, conidial germination and sporulation of Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. were measured in the first experiment, while the seed germination test, first count of germination, germination speed index (GSI) and sanity test of bean seeds were measured in the second. The essential oil (EO) of C. zeylanicum was more efficient than C. latifolia in the control of Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp., but decreased the physiological quality of the beans seeds. The fungal diversity identified in the seed health test was composed by fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Chaetomium and Rhizopus. The results indicate the potential of the use of these EOs in the seeds treatment.

KEYWORDS:
Phaseolus vulgaris; Penicillium sp.; Aspergillus sp.; Cinnamomum zeylanicum; Citrus latifolia

Treatments	Mycelial¹ growth (cm)	Sporulation² (number of conidia/colony 10⁷)*	Germination (%)*
Control	2.63 d	17.50 d	38.00 d
Fungicide	0.00 a	0.00 a	14.00 c
EO C. latifolia 0,1%	2.61 cd	8.43 c	51.00 d
EO C. latifolia 0,2%	2.65 d	18.75 d	50 d
EO C. latifolia 0,4%	2.17 c	9.37 c	44.50 d
EO C. latifolia 0,8%	1.66 b	3.95 b	40.65 d
EO C. zeylanicum 0,1%	0.00 a	0.00 a	4.50 b
EO C. zeylanicum 0,2%	0.00 a	0.00 a	1.50 ab
EO C. zeylanicum 0,4%	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.50 ab
EO C. zeylanicum 0,8%	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a

b1	mycelial (cm) Growth¹	Sporulation² (number of conidia/colony 10⁷)*	Germination³ (%)*
Control	7.20 f	2.50 cd	90.00 c
Fungicide	2.12 b	0.64 b	3.33 a
EO C. latifolia 0,1%	6.78 ef	2.50 cd	69.50 bc
EO C. latifolia 0,2%	6.48 e	2.81 d	62.00 bc
EO C. latifolia 0,4%	5.37 d	2.39 cd	49.50 bc
EO C. latifolia 0,8%	4.70 c	1.01 bc	45.00 b
EO C. zeylanicum 0,1%	0.00 a	0.00 a	12.50 a
EO C. zeylanicum 0,2%	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
EO C. zeylanicum 0,4%	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
EO C. zeylanicum 0,8%	0.00 a	0.00 a	1.00 a

Treatments	Germination (%)	Germination (%)
Treatments	Aspergillus spp.	Penicillium spp.
Control	93.50 Aa	93.50 Aa
Negative Control	62.50 Acd	52.00 Acd
Positive control	31.50 Ae	13.50 Bf
EO C. latifolia 0,4%	52.00 Ad	60.00 Abc
EO C. latifolia 0,8%	77.50 Ab	69.50 Ab
EO C. zeylanicum 0,1%	77.00 Abc	68.00 Ab
EO C. zeylanicum 0,2%	54.75 Ad	39.25 Bde
EO C. zeylanicum 0,4%	33.00 Ae	24.75 Aef
EO C. zeylanicum 0.8%	12.50 Af	10.00 Af

Treatments	First count of germination (%)	First count of germination (%)
Treatments	Aspergillus spp.	Penicillium spp.
Control	31.50 Ab	31.50 Aab
Negative Control	24.50 Abc	6.00 Ac
Positive control	8.00 Acd	4.00 Ac
EO C. latifolia 0,4%	25.00 Abc	17.50 Abc
EO C. latifolia 0,8%	60.50 Aa	39.00 Ba
EO C. zeylanicum 0,1%	59.00 Aa	18.00 Bbc
EO C. zeylanicum 0,2%	36.00 Ab	12.5 Bbc
EO C. zeylanicum 0,4%	30.00 Ab	12.00 Bbc
EO C. zeylanicum 0.8%	3.00 Ad	5.50 Ac

Treatments	GSI	GSI
Treatments	Aspergillus spp.	Penicillium spp.
Negative Control	5.49 Ab	4.25 Abc
Positive control	2.42 Ade	1.06 Be
EO C. latifolia 0,4%	4.58 Abc	4.97 Aab
EO C. latifolia 0,8%	7.95 Aa	6.24 Ba
EO C. zeylanicum 0,1%	8.15 Aa	5.91 Ba
EO C. zeylanicum 0,2%	5.24 Ab	3.23 Bcd
EO C. zeylanicum 0,4%	3.39 Acd	2.26 Bde
EO C. zeylanicum 0.8%	0.94 Ae	0.89 Ae

Treatments	Asp. (%)	Pen. (%)	Cla. (%)	Fus. (%)	Cha. (%)	Rhi. (%)
Negative Control	23.00 bc	13.00 bc	3.00 ab	2.00 a	0.00 a	65.25 a
Positive control	18.00 b	2.00 abc	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	96.00 a
EO C. latifolia 0,4%	15.00 b	10.00 abc	6.00 b	4.00 a	1.00 a	34.00 a
EO C. latifolia 0,8%	14.00 b	2.00 ab	1.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	100.00 a
EO C. zeylanicum 0,1%	38.75 c	10.00 abc	1.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	37.00 a
EO C. zeylanicum 0,2%	23.00 bc	20.00 c	1.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	36.00 a
EO C. zeylanicum 0,4%	14.75 b	1.00 ab	0.00 a	0.00 a	6.00 a	42.00 a
EO C. zeylanicum 0,8%	2.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	1.00 a	65.00 a

Treatments	Asp. (%)	Pen. (%)	Cla. (%)	Cha. (%)	Rhi. (%)
Negative control	11.00 a	61.25 c	4.00 a	0.00 a	18.00 ab
Positive control	3.00 a	18.00 b	8.00 a	0.00 a	12.00 ab
EO C. latifolia 0,4%	2.00 a	28.00 b	0.00 a	0.00 a	25.00 ab
EO C. latifolia 0,8%	3.00 a	65.00 c	2.00 a	0.00 a	54.75 ab
EO C. zeylanicum 0,1%	6.00 a	1.00 a	2.00 a	0.00 a	88.00 b
EO C. zeylanicum 0,2%	7.00 a	2.00 a	0.00 a	2.00 a	39.00 ab
EO C. zeylanicum 0.4%	3.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	23.00 ab
EO C. zeylanicum 0,8%	1.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a

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[1] *Corresponding author: bismoura@hotmail.com