Ação protetora, residual, curativa e anti-esporulante de fungicidas no controle da requeima e da pinta preta da batata em condições controladas

Protective, residual, curative and antisporulating action of fungicides in the control of early and late blight of potatoes under controlled conditions

Resumos

A ação de fungicidas em diferentes fases do processo infeccioso da requeima (Phytophthora infestans) e da pinta preta (Alternaria solani) da batata foi estudada em condições de casa-de-vegetação e laboratório. A ação protetora e residual foi avaliada através de inoculações realizadas com os respectivos patógenos a 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 dias após a pulverização (DAP). Para avaliar a ação curativa, os fungicidas foram aplicados 1, 12, 24 e 48 horas após a inoculação (HAI) para requeima e 1, 24, 48 e 72 HAI para a pinta preta. As ações preventiva, residual e curativa foram avaliadas com base na porcentagem de área foliar afetada e a ação anti-esporulante através da contagem de esporângios e conídios. Todos os fungicidas promoveram elevada proteção contra a requeima e a pinta preta. Os fungicidas sistêmicos apresentaram redução de controle a partir dos 12 DAP, enquanto que os fungicidas translaminares e mesostêmicos a partir dos 9 DAP. Quanto à ação curativa e anti esporulante, destacaram-se principalmente os fungicidas sistêmicos aplicados até as 24 horas após a inoculação (HAI). Fungicidas translaminares e mesostêmicos foram capazes de inibir a requeima quando aplicados até 12 HAI. Os fungicidas de contato destacaram-se apenas para ação protetora.

Solanum tuberosum; Phytophthora infestans; Alternaria solani; controle químico

The action of fungicides at different phases of the infectious process of late blight (Phy tophthora infestans) and early blight (Alternaria solani) of potatoes was studied under greenhouse and laboratory conditions. Protective and residual action was evaluated through inoculations undertaken with the respective pathogens 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days after application. To evaluate the curative action against late blight, fungicides were applied 1, 12, 24 and 48 hours after inoculation, and against early blight 1, 24, and 48 hours after inoculation. Protective, residual and curative actions were evaluated according to the percentage of the foliar area affected, while the antisporulating action was assessed through sporangia and conidia counting. All the fungicides, regardless of their mode of action, provided high protection against late and early blight. Systemic fungicides showed a reduction of control starting at 12 days after application, while translaminar and mesostemic fungicides showed this reduction starting at 9 days after application. In regard to curative and antisporulating actions, systemic fungicides applied until 24 hours after inoculation were especially outstanding. Translaminar and mesostemic fungicides could inhibit late blight when applied until 12 hours after inoculation. Contact fungicides stood out in preventive action only.

Solanum tuberosum; Phytophthora infestans; Alternaria solani; chemical control

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Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  08 Set 2014
• Data do Fascículo
  Jun 2012

Histórico

• Recebido
  12 Dez 2010
• Aceito
  15 Maio 2012