RESUMO:
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a resposta de plantas de trigo diante da aplicação de possíveis compostos elicitores perante o patógeno Bipolaris sorokiniana. Tal resposta foi examinada por meio da quantificação de enzimas antioxidantes, malondialdeído e flavonoides, da análise da severidade da doença mancha marrom e da produtividade na cultura do trigo, em casa de vegetação e em campo. Os tratamentos consistiram em suspensões de fungos endofíticos Aspergillus japonicus e Trichoderma tomentosum, ácido salicílico, acibenzolar-S-metil e fungicida. Nos ensaios em campo, em 2015 e 2016, o desenvolvimento da doença foi menor e a produtividade foi superior em todos os tratamentos, com destaque para o fungicida. No entanto, as suspensões de fungos endofíticos demonstraram potencial como promotores de crescimento, redutores da severidade da doença e ativadores de resposta antioxidante protetora, pois promoveram o aumento significativo das enzimas superóxido dismutase e catalase, das glutationas e flavonoides.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
Bipolaris sorokiniana; catalase; ascorbato; glutationa; flavonoides
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Averages followed by distinct letters between treatments differ by the Scott-Knott test at the 5% probability level; bars indicate standard average deviation; T1: suspension of Aspergillus japonicas; T2: suspension of Trichoderma tomentosum; T3: salicylic acid; T4: acibenzolar-s-methyl; T5: fungicide (Azoxystrobin with Tebuconazole); T6: application of sterilized distilled water and with inoculum of Bipolaris sorokiniana; T7: without any application.
Averages followed by distinct letters between treatments differ by the Scott-Knott test at the 5% probability level; T1: suspension of Aspergillus japonicas; T2: suspension of Trichoderma tomentosum; T3: salicylic acid; T4: acibenzolar-s-methyl; T5: fungicide (Azoxystrobin with Tebuconazole); T6: application of sterile distilled water with inoculum of Bipolaris sorokiniana; T7: without any application.
Averages followed by distinct letters between treatments differ by the Scott-Knott test at the 5% probability level; T1: suspension of Aspergillus japonicas; T2: suspension of Trichoderma tomentosum; T3: salicylic acid; T4: acibenzolar-s-methyl; T5: fungicide (Azoxystrobin with Tebuconazole); T6: application of sterile distilled water with inoculum of Bipolaris sorokiniana; T7: without any application.
Averages followed by distinct letters between treatments differ by the Scott-Knott test at the 5% probability level; T1: suspension of Aspergillus japonicas; T2: suspension of Trichoderma tomentosum; T3: salicylic acid; T4: acibenzolar-s-methyl; T5: fungicide (Azoxystrobin with Tebuconazole); T6: application of sterile distilled water with inoculum of Bipolaris sorokiniana; T7: without any application.
Averages followed by distinct letters between treatments differ by the Scott-Knott test at the 5% probability level; T1: suspension of Aspergillus japonicas; T2: suspension of Trichoderma tomentosum; T3: salicylic acid; T4: acibenzolar-s-methyl; T5: fungicide (Azoxystrobin with Tebuconazole); T6: application of sterile distilled water with inoculum of Bipolaris sorokiniana; T7: without any application.
Averages followed by distinct letters between treatments differ by the Scott-Knott test at the 5% probability level; T1: suspension of Aspergillus japonicas; T2: suspension of Trichoderma tomentosum; T3: salicylic acid; T4: acibenzolar-s-methyl; T5: fungicide (Azoxystrobin with Tebuconazole); T6: application of sterile distilled water with inoculum of Bipolaris sorokiniana; T7: without any application.