The ectopic newly-formed nerve fibres which repopulate the long-time denervated and atrophic chick skeletal muscle

Erhart, Eros Abrantes; Rezze, Cecil José; Biazotto, Walter

doi:10.1590/S0004-282X1968000300001

Abstracts

1. The whole biventer cervicis muscles of the chick, being innervated by a branch of the dorsal ramus of C, presents structural Deculiarities which recommend it as good skeletal muscle for embryological, anatomical, physiological and pharmacological neuro-muscular investigations. 2. The nerve trunk responsible for the innervation of the distal belly runs completely included within the intermediate tendon; therefore, a tendon transection determines complete denervation and nerve fibre degeneration of the distal belly of the muscle. 3. Long-time experimentally denervated distal bellies (from three up to twelve months) are repopulated by ectopic nerve fibres which must have arisen from a source other than the proximal stump, neighbour nerves or nervi-vasorum. 4. Motor endplates appear in these long-time (eight or more months) denervated biventer cervicis distal bellies. 5. Although atrophic-looking such muscle bellies responded to indirect and to direct electrical stimulation — 1.5 V — by contraction. 6. The long-time denervated distal bellies of the biventer cervicis muscle of the chick, when properly reoperated by cross-grafting suture with the normal contralateral muscle, lost their atrophic appearance and showed to be successfully recovered in about thirty days.

Em trabalhos anteriores, foram analisadas e discutidas as fibras nervosas que aparecem nos segmentos distais de nervos de mamíferos, homem inclusive, lesados e separados do coto proximal há mais de seis meses. Neste, é estudado o comportamento dessas fibras no ventre distal do músculo biventer cervicisdo Gallus domesticus desnervado experimentalmente por três até doze meses. Transecções totais, experimentais do tendão intermédio do músculo biventer cervicisdo Gallus domesticusdeterminam atrofia por desnerva-ção do ventre distai, porque todo músculo é inervado apenas pelo ramo dorsal do primeiro nervo cervical (Figs. 1 e 2). Todavia, decorridos 3 ou mais meses pós-operatórios, é demonstrado, confirmando trabalhos anteriores, que tais ventres distais, embora totalmente separados dos correspondentes proximais, apresentam evidente repopulação de fibras nervosas (Figs. 5 e 6) que restabelecem, inclusive, suas conexões com fibras musculares estriadas (Fig. 7). A despeito do aspecto atrófico, esses ventres distais desnervados experimentalmente há 3 ou mais meses, quando estimulados com 1,5 V, respondem com evidentes contrações, e, quando neles são implantados, com técnica cirúrgica adequada, o correspondente músculo homônimo, contralateral, íntegro (Fig. 3), há possibilidade de recuperação funcional em cerca de 30 dias.

The ectopic newly-formed nerve fibres which repopulate the long-time denervated and atrophic chick skeletal muscle

Fibras nervosas neo-formadas que repopulam músculo estriado desnervado e atrófico de "Gallus domesticus"

Eros Abrantes Erhart^I; Cecil José Rezze^II; Walter Biazotto^III

^IProfessor Associado, Chefe da Secção de Neuranatomia; Departamento de Anatomia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (Prof. O. Machado de Sousa)

^IIProfessor Assistente; Departamento de Anatomia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (Prof. O. Machado de Sousa)

^IIIInstrutor; Departamento de Anatomia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (Prof. O. Machado de Sousa)

SUMMARY

1. The whole biventer cervicis muscles of the chick, being innervated by a branch of the dorsal ramus of C, presents structural Deculiarities which recommend it as good skeletal muscle for embryological, anatomical, physiological and pharmacological neuro-muscular investigations.

2. The nerve trunk responsible for the innervation of the distal belly runs completely included within the intermediate tendon; therefore, a tendon transection determines complete denervation and nerve fibre degeneration of the distal belly of the muscle.

3. Long-time experimentally denervated distal bellies (from three up to twelve months) are repopulated by ectopic nerve fibres which must have arisen from a source other than the proximal stump, neighbour nerves or nervi-vasorum.

4. Motor endplates appear in these long-time (eight or more months) denervated biventer cervicis distal bellies.

5. Although atrophic-looking such muscle bellies responded to indirect and to direct electrical stimulation 1.5 V by contraction.

6. The long-time denervated distal bellies of the biventer cervicis muscle of the chick, when properly reoperated by cross-grafting suture with the normal contralateral muscle, lost their atrophic appearance and showed to be successfully recovered in about thirty days.

RESUMO

Em trabalhos anteriores, foram analisadas e discutidas as fibras nervosas que aparecem nos segmentos distais de nervos de mamíferos, homem inclusive, lesados e separados do coto proximal há mais de seis meses. Neste, é estudado o comportamento dessas fibras no ventre distal do músculo biventer cervicisdo Gallus domesticus desnervado experimentalmente por três até doze meses.

Transecções totais, experimentais do tendão intermédio do músculo biventer cervicisdo Gallus domesticusdeterminam atrofia por desnerva-ção do ventre distai, porque todo músculo é inervado apenas pelo ramo dorsal do primeiro nervo cervical (Figs. 1 e 2). Todavia, decorridos 3 ou mais meses pós-operatórios, é demonstrado, confirmando trabalhos anteriores, que tais ventres distais, embora totalmente separados dos correspondentes proximais, apresentam evidente repopulação de fibras nervosas (Figs. 5 e 6) que restabelecem, inclusive, suas conexões com fibras musculares estriadas (Fig. 7).

A despeito do aspecto atrófico, esses ventres distais desnervados experimentalmente há 3 ou mais meses, quando estimulados com 1,5 V, respondem com evidentes contrações, e, quando neles são implantados, com técnica cirúrgica adequada, o correspondente músculo homônimo, contralateral, íntegro (Fig. 3), há possibilidade de recuperação funcional em cerca de 30 dias.

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Departamento de Anatomia Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade deSão Paulo Caixa Postal 2921 São Paulo, SP Brasil.

1. ERHART, E. A. Normal nerve-fibres In the distal segment of nerves completely separated from the proximal stump for more than six months. Arq. Neuro-Psiquiat. (Săo Paulo), 20:289-305, 1962.
2. ERHART, E. A. Consideraçőes sobre o comportamento de fibras nervosas neo-formadas no ventre distal desnervado do M. biventer cervicisdo Gallus domesticus. Presented before the V Congresso Brasileiro de Anatomia, Săo Paulo, Brasil, julho, 1967.
3. ERHART, E. A. & ERHART, M. B. Normal axis-cylinders in the distal segment of nerves completely separated from the proximal stump for up to 24 years. Anat. Rec. 136:189, 1960.
4. ERHART, E. A. & REZZE, C. J. Nerve fibres In isolated segments of dog ulnar nerve after complete brachial plexotomy and periaxilar artery sympathectomy. Arq. Neuro-Psiquiat. (Săo Paulo) 23:82-90, 1965.
5. ERHART, E. A. & REZZE, C. J. The neuroma-like structure of the long--time severed and isolated nerve stumps. Arq. Neuro-Psiquiat. (Săo Paulo) 23:91-94, 1965.
6. ERHART, E. A. & REZZE, C. J. Experimental data and practical results which modify the present concepts of peripheral nerve fibres degeneration and regeneration. Proc. V International Congress of Neuropathology, Zurich, 864-867, 1965. Published by Excerpta Medica.
7. ERHART, E. A. & REZZE, C. J. Effect of experimental devascularization on peripheral nerves. Arq. Neuro-Psiquiat. (Săo Paulo) 24:7-11, 1966.
8. ERHART, E. A. & REZZE, C. J. Further discussion on the "newgrowing" nerve fibres which repopulate the distal segment of nerves completely separated from the proximal stump for more than six months. Arq. Neuro-Psiquiat. (Săo Paulo) 24:91-96, 1966.
9. GUTMANN, E. & YOUNG, J. Z. The re-innervation of muscle after various periods of atrophy. J. Anat. 78:15-43, 1944.
10. GWYN, D. G. & AITKEN, J. T. New motor endplates and their relationship to muscle fibre injury. Nature (London) 203:651-652, 1964.
11. GWYN, D. G. & AITKEN, J. T. The formation of new motor endplates in mammalian skeletal muscle. J. Anat. 100:111-126, 1966.
12. KIRSCHE, W. Regenerative Vorgange im Gehirn und Ruckenmark. Erg. der Anat. u. Entw. 38:143-194, 1965.
13. MILEDI, R. Formation of extra nerve-muscle junctions in innerveted muscle. Nature (London) 199:1191, 1963.
14. ZYNGIER, S. & ERHART, E. A. Preparaçăo isolada do músculo biventer desnervado do pescoço de pintainho. Rev. Fac. Farm. Bioquim. (Săo Paulo) 5:351-355, 1967.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
13 May 2013
Date of issue
Sept 1968

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. ERHART, E. A. Normal nerve-fibres In the distal segment of nerves completely separated from the proximal stump for more than six months. Arq. Neuro-Psiquiat. (Săo Paulo), 20:289-305, 1962.

[2] 2. ERHART, E. A. Consideraçőes sobre o comportamento de fibras nervosas neo-formadas no ventre distal desnervado do M. biventer cervicisdo Gallus domesticus. Presented before the V Congresso Brasileiro de Anatomia, Săo Paulo, Brasil, julho, 1967.

[3] 3. ERHART, E. A. & ERHART, M. B. Normal axis-cylinders in the distal segment of nerves completely separated from the proximal stump for up to 24 years. Anat. Rec. 136:189, 1960.

[4] 4. ERHART, E. A. & REZZE, C. J. Nerve fibres In isolated segments of dog ulnar nerve after complete brachial plexotomy and periaxilar artery sympathectomy. Arq. Neuro-Psiquiat. (Săo Paulo) 23:82-90, 1965.

[5] 5. ERHART, E. A. & REZZE, C. J. The neuroma-like structure of the long--time severed and isolated nerve stumps. Arq. Neuro-Psiquiat. (Săo Paulo) 23:91-94, 1965.

[6] 6. ERHART, E. A. & REZZE, C. J. Experimental data and practical results which modify the present concepts of peripheral nerve fibres degeneration and regeneration. Proc. V International Congress of Neuropathology, Zurich, 864-867, 1965. Published by Excerpta Medica.

[7] 7. ERHART, E. A. & REZZE, C. J. Effect of experimental devascularization on peripheral nerves. Arq. Neuro-Psiquiat. (Săo Paulo) 24:7-11, 1966.

[8] 8. ERHART, E. A. & REZZE, C. J. Further discussion on the "newgrowing" nerve fibres which repopulate the distal segment of nerves completely separated from the proximal stump for more than six months. Arq. Neuro-Psiquiat. (Săo Paulo) 24:91-96, 1966.

[9] 9. GUTMANN, E. & YOUNG, J. Z. The re-innervation of muscle after various periods of atrophy. J. Anat. 78:15-43, 1944.

[10] 10. GWYN, D. G. & AITKEN, J. T. New motor endplates and their relationship to muscle fibre injury. Nature (London) 203:651-652, 1964.

[11] 11. GWYN, D. G. & AITKEN, J. T. The formation of new motor endplates in mammalian skeletal muscle. J. Anat. 100:111-126, 1966.

[12] 12. KIRSCHE, W. Regenerative Vorgange im Gehirn und Ruckenmark. Erg. der Anat. u. Entw. 38:143-194, 1965.

[13] 13. MILEDI, R. Formation of extra nerve-muscle junctions in innerveted muscle. Nature (London) 199:1191, 1963.

[14] 14. ZYNGIER, S. & ERHART, E. A. Preparaçăo isolada do músculo biventer desnervado do pescoço de pintainho. Rev. Fac. Farm. Bioquim. (Săo Paulo) 5:351-355, 1967.