Freeman's transorbital lobotomy has been used in 70 patients from a private psychiatric hospital. The results obtained in 54 of these patients are presented. The authors present the results obtained with several techniques and analyse the indications for lobotomy. In the selection of patients which should be treated by psychosurgery, the authors consider several factors : the emotional tension, the aggressive antisocial behavior and the presence of rich morbid mental defects. The cooperation of patient's family is emphasized as one of the important factors contributing to the operation success. Freeman's technique is described. The follow-up in the 54 patients was at least of 6 months: 16 cases showed total remission of the symptoms, 10 cases showed partial remission, 13 cases have improved, 14 cases did not show any improvement and one patient died as result of the operation; 72.1 per cent of patients presented good results and in 38 per cent there was very good social recovery. From the psychiatric clinical aspects the best results were obtained in cases of obsessional neurosis, anxiety and paranoid schizophrenia.