Two cases of aphasia in children are reported. In the first patient, a girl aged 10, aphasia ocurred after a gunshot cerebral wound and in the second, a boy aged 8, there was cerebral trombophlebitis and septicemia. Both patients had normal perception but presented difficulties in expressive functions, sometimes suggesting amnestic gaps. Graphic expression, less automatic than other forms of expression at their ages, was severely impaired. Perseveration was present in oral expression in the first patient, and in writing in the second. Clinical improvement was good in both cases. Some points of differential diagnosis of aphasia in children are discussed.