A clinical, epidemiological and nerve conduction studies report on carpal tunnel syndrome was done after electrophysiological author's experience on 668 cases and literature review. The median nerve underwent focal (nodal) or segmental demyelination after compression on carpal tunnel, 3-4 distal to wrist fold. The symptomatic complex includes nocturnal hands numbness and paraesthesia, mostly bilateral and between 40-60 years old. Familial cases are described and the gene could encode thick transverse carpal ligament. Anthropomorphic findings could also bring about an additional risk, but with low significance. Magnetic resonance could be a useful tool for selected atypical cases. Conservative treatment and controversies on surgery timing are discussed. Classical conduction studies on median nerve reveal a prolonged distal segmental sensory latency and also on distal motor latency. Increasing sensitivity may be reach using additional methods such as, median mixed mid-palm latency, comparative mid-palm latency median/ulnar, comparative sensory latency median/radial and median/ulnar, inching method from wrist to palm recording on index/middle finger and comparative motor median/ulnar recording on lumbrical/interosseous muscle.
carpal tunnel syndrome; median nerve; nerve conduction; compression neuropathy