Intervenções para ansiedade que podem ser utilizadas por enfermeiros: revisão de escopo

Pereira, Caroline Figueira; Vargas, Divane de; Santana, Karen de Oliveira; Araujo, Maria Paula Bortoleti de; Ueda, Natalia Mayumi; Evangelista, Priscila Araujo; Nunes, Sophia Rodrigues

doi:10.37689/acta-ape/2023AR008232

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Sumário

Artigo de Revisão • Acta Paul Enferm 36 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.37689/acta-ape/2023AR008232 copiar

Intervenções para ansiedade que podem ser utilizadas por enfermeiros: revisão de escopo

Intervenciones para la ansiedad que pueden ser utilizadas por enfermeros: revisión de alcance

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Objetivo

Mapear as intervenções que podem ser realizadas por enfermeiros nos diversos serviços de atenção à saúde para o manejo dos sintomas de ansiedade em adultos durante a COVID-19.

Métodos

A revisão de escopo foi conduzida conforme o manual do Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). A pergunta de revisão foi “Qual o conhecimento disponível na literatura sobre as intervenções de manejo dos sintomas de ansiedade que podem ser utilizadas por enfermeiros nos diversos serviços de atenção à saúde, na população adulta, durante a COVID-19?”. As fontes de dados pesquisadas foram: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), EMBASE, PUBMED, CINAHL, PsycINFo, SCOPUS e Web of Science. Não houve limitação de ano ou idioma de publicação.

Resultados

Foram analisados 85 artigos. Os estudos mostraram que, em geral, toda a população adulta apresentou mudanças nos níveis de ansiedade durante a pandemia. Entre as intervenções identificadas, que podem ser realizadas por enfermeiros para o manejo dos sintomas de ansiedade, houve singular destaque para as variadas formas de intervenções online , com frequência de 21,4% nos estudos, seguida pelas atividades físicas, com frequência de 13,3%.

Conclusão

Foi possível mapear as intervenções que podem reduzir os sintomas de ansiedade na população adulta, assim como delimitar as que podem ser aplicadas por enfermeiros, aumentando a visibilidade dessa categoria como protagonista do cuidado nos diversos setores de serviço de saúde. Dentre as intervenções sintetizadas, destacaram-se o teleatendimento, atividade física, exercícios cognitivos e intervenções não farmacológicas.Protocolo de registro do Artigo de Revisão: o protocolo de revisão está registrado no Open Science Framework (OSF), sob o número: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3Q2VT.

Ansiedade; Transtornos da ansiedade; COVID-19; SARS-Cov-2; Saúde mental

Database	Estratégia de Busca
PUBMED	(“Anxiety”[Mesh]OR anxiety OR anxious OR anxieties) AND (“coronavirus disease-19” OR covid-19 OR “COVID-19” OR “corona virus disease 2019” OR “SARS-CoV-2” OR “2019-new coronavirus” OR “2019 novel coronavirus” OR “2019-nCoV” OR coronavirus OR “SARS Virus” OR SARS-CoV-2) AND (Interventions OR “Patient Care” OR Treatment)
BVS	(“anxiety”) OR (“anxious”) OR (“anxieties”) AND (“coronavirus-disease-19”) OR (“covid-19”) OR (“coronavirus-disease-2019”) OR (“sars-cov-2”) OR (“2019-novel-coronavirus”) OR (“2019-ncov”) OR (“coronavirus”) OR (“sars-virus”) AND (“intervention”) OR (“patient-care”) OR (“treatment”)
EMBASE	(‘anxiety’/exp OR anxiety OR anxious OR anxieties) AND (‘coronavirus disease-19’:ti,ab,kw OR ‘covid 19’:ti,ab,kw OR ‘covid-19’:ti,ab,kw OR ‘corona virus disease 2019’:ti,ab,kw OR ‘sars-cov-2’:ti,ab,kw OR ‘2019-new coronavirus’:ti,ab,kw OR ‘2019 novel coronavirus’:ti,ab,kw OR ‘2019-ncov’:ti,ab,kw OR coronavirus:ti,ab,kw OR ‘sars virus’:ti,ab,kw OR ‘sars cov 2’:ti,ab,kw) AND (interventions:ti,ab,kw OR ‘patient care’:ti,ab,kw OR treatment:ti,ab,kw) AND adult:ti,ab,kw NOT child:ti,ab,kw
CINAHL via EBSCOhost	( anxiety OR anxious OR anxieties ) AND ( “coronavirus disease-19” OR covid-19 OR “COVID-19” OR “corona virus disease 2019” OR “SARS-CoV-2” OR “2019-new coronavirus” OR “2019 novel coronavirus” OR “2019-nCoV” OR coronavirus OR “SARS Virus” OR SARS-CoV-2 ) AND ( Interventions OR “Patient Care” OR Treatment )
PsycINFO	Any Field: “Anxiety”[Mesh]OR anxiety OR anxious OR anxieties AND Any Field: “coronavirus disease-19” OR covid-19 OR “COVID-19” OR “corona virus disease 2019” OR “SARS-CoV-2” OR “2019-new coronavirus” OR “2019 novel coronavirus” OR “2019-nCoV” OR coronavirus OR “SARS Virus” OR SARS-CoV-2 AND Any Field: Interventions OR Any Field: “Patient Care” OR Any Field: Treatment
Scopus	TITLE-ABS-KEY ( anxiety OR anxiousness OR ( generalized AND anxiety AND disorder ) AND coronavirus AND disease-19 OR covid-19 OR corona AND virus AND disease 2019 OR sars-cov-2 OR 2019-new AND coronavirus OR 2019 novel AND coronavirus OR 2019-ncov OR coronavirus OR sars AND virus OR sars-cov-2 AND interventions OR ( patient AND care ) OR treatment )
Web of Science	((ALL=(anxiety OR anxious OR anxieties)) AND ALL=((“coronavirus disease-19” OR covid-19 OR “COVID-19” OR “corona virus disease 2019” OR “SARS-CoV-2” OR “2019-new coronavirus” OR “2019 novel coronavirus” OR “2019-nCoV” OR coronavirus OR “SARS Virus” OR SARS-CoV-2)) AND ALL=(Interventions OR “Patient Care” OR Treatment))

Categoria	Variável	n(%)
Origem dos estudos	Ásia	33(38,9)
	América	25(29,5)
	Europa	20(23,5)
	Oceania	5(5,89)
	África	1(1,1)
	Transcontinental	1(1,1)
Design do estudo	Ensaio clínico randomizado/ Ensaio clínico não randomizado/ Estudo experimental/ Estudo piloto/ Estudo caso controle	40(47,0)
	Estudos observacionais/ Estudos transversais/ Estudos longitudinais/ Estudos de caso	31(36,5)
	Revisão de literatura	14(16,5)
Intervenções de competência do enfermeiro para manejo dos sintomas de ansiedade no contexto da COVID-19*	Consultas com o profissional da saúde no formato remoto	21(24,7)
	Psicoeducação online não guiada ou autoguiada	24(28,2)
	Técnicas para aprimoramento de habilidades psicocognitivas	17(20,0)
	Práticas complementares e integrativas de saúde	13(15,3)
	Técnicas de relaxamento	13(15,3)
	Adoção de hábitos de vida saudáveis	10(11,7)
	Suporte social/Espiritualidade	9(10,5)
	Terapia com ação farmacológica	4(4,7)

Intervenção	Estratégias
Consulta com o profissional da saúde no formato remoto( ¹³13. Chan SS, So WK, Wong DC, Lee AC, Tiwari A. Improving older adults’ knowledge and practice of preventive measures through a telephone health education during the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong: a pilot study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2007;44(7):1120-7. 14. Vatansever D, Wang S, Sahakian BJ. Covid-19 and promising solutions to combat symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2021;46(1):217-8. 15. Pizzoli SF, Marzorati C, Mazzoni D, Pravettoni G. Web-Based Relaxation Intervention for Stress During Social Isolation: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Ment Health. 2020;7(12):e22757. 16. Johnco CJ, Chen JT, Muir C, Strutt P, Dawes P, Siette J, et al. Long-term relapse rates after cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety and depressive disorders among older adults: a follow-up study during COVID-19. Australas J Ageing. 2021;40(2):208-12. 17. Zhangm Z, Zhang A, Liu C, Xiao J, Wang K. A brief online mindfulness - based group intervention for psychological distress among chinese residents during COVID-19: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Mindfulness (NY). 2021;1-11. 18. Bamijkookungbaye A, Idemudia ES. Digital mental health in ireland: effectiveness and the future of the service. Broad Research Artificial Intelligence Neuroscience. 2020;11(2):57-71. 19. Dikaios E, Sekhon H, Allard A, Vacaflor B, Goodman A, Dwyer E, et al. Connecting during COVID-19: a protocol of a volunteer-based telehealth program for supporting older adults’ health. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:598356. 20. Ribeiro E, Sampaio A, Gonçalves MM, Taveira MD, Cunha J, Maia A, et al. Telephone-based psychological crisis intervention: the Portuguese experience with COVID-19. Couns Psychol Q. 2020:1-15. 21. Kim JW, Stewart R, Kang SJ, Jung SI, Kim SW, Kim JM. Telephone based Interventions for Psychological Problems in Hospital Isolated Patients with COVID-19. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2020;18(4):616-20. 22. Yang Y, Sun S, Hu S, Tang C, Zhang Y, Lin H. Comparative effectiveness of multiple psychological interventions for psychological crisis in people affected by coronavirus disease 2019: a bayesian network meta-analysis. Front Psychol. 2021;12:577187. 23. Chakeri A, Jalali E, Ghadi MR, Mohamadi M. Evaluating the effect of nurse-led telephone follow-ups (tele-nursing) on the anxiety levels in people with coronavirus. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020;9(10):5351-4. 24. Al-Refae M, Al-Refae A, Munroe M, Sardella NA, Ferrari M. A Self-Compassion and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Mobile Intervention (Serene) for depression, anxiety, and stress: promoting adaptive emotional regulation and wisdom. Front Psychol. 2021;12:648087. 25. Ozamiz-Etxebarria N, Dosil Santamaría M, Eiguren Munitis A, Picaza Gorrotxategi M. Corrigendum: reduction of COVID-19 anxiety levels through relaxation techniques: a study carried out in Northern Spain on a sample of young university students. Front Psychol. 2020;11:609098. Erratum for: Front Psychol. 2020;11:2038. 26. Chew AM, Ong R, Lei HH, Rajendram M, K V G, Verma SK, et al. Digital health solutions for mental health disorders during COVID-19. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:582007. - ²⁷27. Rentala S, Ng SM. Application of mobile call-based Integrative Body-Mind-Spirit (IBMS) intervention to deal with psychological issues of COVID-19 patients: a case study in India. J Holist Nurs. 2021;39(4):338-44. )	Telemedicina( ¹³13. Chan SS, So WK, Wong DC, Lee AC, Tiwari A. Improving older adults’ knowledge and practice of preventive measures through a telephone health education during the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong: a pilot study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2007;44(7):1120-7. 14. Vatansever D, Wang S, Sahakian BJ. Covid-19 and promising solutions to combat symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2021;46(1):217-8. 15. Pizzoli SF, Marzorati C, Mazzoni D, Pravettoni G. Web-Based Relaxation Intervention for Stress During Social Isolation: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Ment Health. 2020;7(12):e22757. 16. Johnco CJ, Chen JT, Muir C, Strutt P, Dawes P, Siette J, et al. Long-term relapse rates after cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety and depressive disorders among older adults: a follow-up study during COVID-19. Australas J Ageing. 2021;40(2):208-12. 17. Zhangm Z, Zhang A, Liu C, Xiao J, Wang K. A brief online mindfulness - based group intervention for psychological distress among chinese residents during COVID-19: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Mindfulness (NY). 2021;1-11. 18. Bamijkookungbaye A, Idemudia ES. Digital mental health in ireland: effectiveness and the future of the service. Broad Research Artificial Intelligence Neuroscience. 2020;11(2):57-71. - ¹⁹19. Dikaios E, Sekhon H, Allard A, Vacaflor B, Goodman A, Dwyer E, et al. Connecting during COVID-19: a protocol of a volunteer-based telehealth program for supporting older adults’ health. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:598356. )
	Consulta telefônica para intervenção breve( ²⁰20. Ribeiro E, Sampaio A, Gonçalves MM, Taveira MD, Cunha J, Maia A, et al. Telephone-based psychological crisis intervention: the Portuguese experience with COVID-19. Couns Psychol Q. 2020:1-15. 21. Kim JW, Stewart R, Kang SJ, Jung SI, Kim SW, Kim JM. Telephone based Interventions for Psychological Problems in Hospital Isolated Patients with COVID-19. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2020;18(4):616-20. 22. Yang Y, Sun S, Hu S, Tang C, Zhang Y, Lin H. Comparative effectiveness of multiple psychological interventions for psychological crisis in people affected by coronavirus disease 2019: a bayesian network meta-analysis. Front Psychol. 2021;12:577187. 23. Chakeri A, Jalali E, Ghadi MR, Mohamadi M. Evaluating the effect of nurse-led telephone follow-ups (tele-nursing) on the anxiety levels in people with coronavirus. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020;9(10):5351-4. 24. Al-Refae M, Al-Refae A, Munroe M, Sardella NA, Ferrari M. A Self-Compassion and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Mobile Intervention (Serene) for depression, anxiety, and stress: promoting adaptive emotional regulation and wisdom. Front Psychol. 2021;12:648087. 25. Ozamiz-Etxebarria N, Dosil Santamaría M, Eiguren Munitis A, Picaza Gorrotxategi M. Corrigendum: reduction of COVID-19 anxiety levels through relaxation techniques: a study carried out in Northern Spain on a sample of young university students. Front Psychol. 2020;11:609098. Erratum for: Front Psychol. 2020;11:2038. 26. Chew AM, Ong R, Lei HH, Rajendram M, K V G, Verma SK, et al. Digital health solutions for mental health disorders during COVID-19. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:582007. - ²⁷27. Rentala S, Ng SM. Application of mobile call-based Integrative Body-Mind-Spirit (IBMS) intervention to deal with psychological issues of COVID-19 patients: a case study in India. J Holist Nurs. 2021;39(4):338-44. )
Psicoeducação online não guiada ou autoguiada( ¹⁴14. Vatansever D, Wang S, Sahakian BJ. Covid-19 and promising solutions to combat symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2021;46(1):217-8. , ¹⁶16. Johnco CJ, Chen JT, Muir C, Strutt P, Dawes P, Siette J, et al. Long-term relapse rates after cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety and depressive disorders among older adults: a follow-up study during COVID-19. Australas J Ageing. 2021;40(2):208-12. , ¹⁹19. Dikaios E, Sekhon H, Allard A, Vacaflor B, Goodman A, Dwyer E, et al. Connecting during COVID-19: a protocol of a volunteer-based telehealth program for supporting older adults’ health. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:598356. , ²⁶26. Chew AM, Ong R, Lei HH, Rajendram M, K V G, Verma SK, et al. Digital health solutions for mental health disorders during COVID-19. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:582007. , ²⁸28. Baloran ET. Knowledge, attitudes, anxiety, and coping strategies of students during COVID-19 Pandemic. J Loss Trauma. 2020;25(8):635-42. 29. Watts S, Marchand A, Bouchard S, Gosselin P, Langlois F, Belleville G, et al. Telepsychotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder: Impact on the working alliance. J Psychother Integr. 2020;30(2):208-25. 30. Sun P, Fan DJ, He T, Li HZ, Wang G, Zhang XZ, et al. The effects of psychological intervention on anxiety symptoms of COVID19-positive patients isolated in hospital wards. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021;25(1):498-502. 31. Cunningham JA, Gulliver A, Farrer L, Bennett K, Carron-Arthur B. Internet interventions for mental health and addictions: current findings and future directions. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2014;16(12):521. Review. 32. Longyear L, Kushlev K. Can mental health apps be effective for depression, anxiety, and stress during a pandemic? Practice Innovations. 2021:6(2):131-7. 33. Fischer R, Bortolini T, Karl JA, Zilberberg M, Robinson K, Rabelo A, et al. Rapid review and meta-meta-analysis of self-guided interventions to address anxiety, depression, and stress during COVID-19 social distancing. Front Psychol. 2020;11:563876. 34. Shabahang R. Cognitive behavioural intervention for health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and depression in coronavirus disease 2019 anxiety: an interventional study in Iran. Psychiatr Psychol Klin. 2020;2(20):87-93. 35. Peralta EA, Taveras M. Effectiveness of teleconsultation use in access to mental health services during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in the Dominican Republic. Indian J Psychiatry. 2020;62(Suppl 3):S492-4. 36. Ransing R, Pinto da Costa M, Adiukwu F, Grandinetti P, Schuh Teixeira AL, Kilic O et al. Yoga for COVID-19 and natural disaster related mental health issues: Challenges and perspectives. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;53:102386. 37. Tang Y, Jiang J, Shen P, Li M, You H, Liu C, et al. Liuzijue is a promising exercise option for rehabilitating discharged COVID-19 patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(6):e24564. 38. Almeda N, García-Alonso C, Salvador-Carulla L. Mental health planning at a very early stage of the COVID-19 crisis: a systematic review of online international strategies and recommendations. BMC Psychiatry. 2021;21(1):43. 39. Warnock-Parkes E, Wild J, Thew GR, Kerr A, Grey N, Stott R, et al. Treating social anxiety disorder remotely with cognitive therapy. Cogn Behav Therap. 2020;13:e30. Review. 40. Ruggieri S, Ingoglia S, Bonfanti RC, Lo Coco G. The role of online social comparison as a protective factor for psychological wellbeing: a longitudinal study during the COVID-19 quarantine. Pers Individ Differ. 2020;171:110486. 41. Peitl V, Golubić Zatezalo V, Karlović D. Mentalno zdravlje i psihološke krizne intervencije tijekom COVID-19 pandemije i potresa u Hrvatskoj. Arch Psychiatry Res. 2020;56(2):193-8. 42. Ma K, Wang X, Feng S, Xia X, Zhang H, Rahaman A, et al. From the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Treatment of mental disorders in COVID-19 survivors. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;132:110810. Review. 43. Nurunnabi M, Hossain SF, Chinna K, Sundarasen S, Khoshaim HB, Kamaludin K, et al. Coping strategies of students for anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res. 2020;9:1115. 44. Agyapong VI, Hrabok M, Shalaby R, Vuong W, Noble JM, Gusnowski A, et al. Text4Hope: receiving daily supportive text messages for 3 months during the COVID-19 pandemic reduces stress, anxiety, and depression. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2022;16(4):1326-30. - ⁴⁵45. Ding H, He F, Lu YG, Hao SW, Fan XJ. Effects of non-drug interventions on depression, anxiety and sleep in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021;25(2):1087-96. Review. )	Informativos para cuidados preventivos com a COVID-19( ²⁶26. Chew AM, Ong R, Lei HH, Rajendram M, K V G, Verma SK, et al. Digital health solutions for mental health disorders during COVID-19. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:582007. , ²⁸28. Baloran ET. Knowledge, attitudes, anxiety, and coping strategies of students during COVID-19 Pandemic. J Loss Trauma. 2020;25(8):635-42. 29. Watts S, Marchand A, Bouchard S, Gosselin P, Langlois F, Belleville G, et al. Telepsychotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder: Impact on the working alliance. J Psychother Integr. 2020;30(2):208-25. - ³⁰30. Sun P, Fan DJ, He T, Li HZ, Wang G, Zhang XZ, et al. The effects of psychological intervention on anxiety symptoms of COVID19-positive patients isolated in hospital wards. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021;25(1):498-502. )
	Aplicativos de celular( ¹⁴14. Vatansever D, Wang S, Sahakian BJ. Covid-19 and promising solutions to combat symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2021;46(1):217-8. , ¹⁹19. Dikaios E, Sekhon H, Allard A, Vacaflor B, Goodman A, Dwyer E, et al. Connecting during COVID-19: a protocol of a volunteer-based telehealth program for supporting older adults’ health. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:598356. , ²⁹29. Watts S, Marchand A, Bouchard S, Gosselin P, Langlois F, Belleville G, et al. Telepsychotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder: Impact on the working alliance. J Psychother Integr. 2020;30(2):208-25. , ³¹31. Cunningham JA, Gulliver A, Farrer L, Bennett K, Carron-Arthur B. Internet interventions for mental health and addictions: current findings and future directions. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2014;16(12):521. Review. 32. Longyear L, Kushlev K. Can mental health apps be effective for depression, anxiety, and stress during a pandemic? Practice Innovations. 2021:6(2):131-7. 33. Fischer R, Bortolini T, Karl JA, Zilberberg M, Robinson K, Rabelo A, et al. Rapid review and meta-meta-analysis of self-guided interventions to address anxiety, depression, and stress during COVID-19 social distancing. Front Psychol. 2020;11:563876. 34. Shabahang R. Cognitive behavioural intervention for health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and depression in coronavirus disease 2019 anxiety: an interventional study in Iran. Psychiatr Psychol Klin. 2020;2(20):87-93. 35. Peralta EA, Taveras M. Effectiveness of teleconsultation use in access to mental health services during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in the Dominican Republic. Indian J Psychiatry. 2020;62(Suppl 3):S492-4. 36. Ransing R, Pinto da Costa M, Adiukwu F, Grandinetti P, Schuh Teixeira AL, Kilic O et al. Yoga for COVID-19 and natural disaster related mental health issues: Challenges and perspectives. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;53:102386. 37. Tang Y, Jiang J, Shen P, Li M, You H, Liu C, et al. Liuzijue is a promising exercise option for rehabilitating discharged COVID-19 patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(6):e24564. 38. Almeda N, García-Alonso C, Salvador-Carulla L. Mental health planning at a very early stage of the COVID-19 crisis: a systematic review of online international strategies and recommendations. BMC Psychiatry. 2021;21(1):43. 39. Warnock-Parkes E, Wild J, Thew GR, Kerr A, Grey N, Stott R, et al. Treating social anxiety disorder remotely with cognitive therapy. Cogn Behav Therap. 2020;13:e30. Review. 40. Ruggieri S, Ingoglia S, Bonfanti RC, Lo Coco G. The role of online social comparison as a protective factor for psychological wellbeing: a longitudinal study during the COVID-19 quarantine. Pers Individ Differ. 2020;171:110486. 41. Peitl V, Golubić Zatezalo V, Karlović D. Mentalno zdravlje i psihološke krizne intervencije tijekom COVID-19 pandemije i potresa u Hrvatskoj. Arch Psychiatry Res. 2020;56(2):193-8. 42. Ma K, Wang X, Feng S, Xia X, Zhang H, Rahaman A, et al. From the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Treatment of mental disorders in COVID-19 survivors. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;132:110810. Review. 43. Nurunnabi M, Hossain SF, Chinna K, Sundarasen S, Khoshaim HB, Kamaludin K, et al. Coping strategies of students for anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res. 2020;9:1115. - ⁴⁴44. Agyapong VI, Hrabok M, Shalaby R, Vuong W, Noble JM, Gusnowski A, et al. Text4Hope: receiving daily supportive text messages for 3 months during the COVID-19 pandemic reduces stress, anxiety, and depression. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2022;16(4):1326-30. )
	Mensagens de texto( ¹⁶16. Johnco CJ, Chen JT, Muir C, Strutt P, Dawes P, Siette J, et al. Long-term relapse rates after cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety and depressive disorders among older adults: a follow-up study during COVID-19. Australas J Ageing. 2021;40(2):208-12. , ⁴³43. Nurunnabi M, Hossain SF, Chinna K, Sundarasen S, Khoshaim HB, Kamaludin K, et al. Coping strategies of students for anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res. 2020;9:1115. 44. Agyapong VI, Hrabok M, Shalaby R, Vuong W, Noble JM, Gusnowski A, et al. Text4Hope: receiving daily supportive text messages for 3 months during the COVID-19 pandemic reduces stress, anxiety, and depression. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2022;16(4):1326-30. - ⁴⁵45. Ding H, He F, Lu YG, Hao SW, Fan XJ. Effects of non-drug interventions on depression, anxiety and sleep in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021;25(2):1087-96. Review. )
Técnicas para aprimoramento de habilidades psicocognitivas( ²¹21. Kim JW, Stewart R, Kang SJ, Jung SI, Kim SW, Kim JM. Telephone based Interventions for Psychological Problems in Hospital Isolated Patients with COVID-19. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2020;18(4):616-20. , ⁴³43. Nurunnabi M, Hossain SF, Chinna K, Sundarasen S, Khoshaim HB, Kamaludin K, et al. Coping strategies of students for anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res. 2020;9:1115. , ⁴⁶46. Khawam E, Khouli H, Pozuelo L. Treating acute anxiety in patients with COVID-19. Cleve Clin J Med. 2020 May 14. 47. Shatri H, Faisal E, Putranto R. Mass panic disaster management in COVID-19 Pandemic. Acta Med Indones. 2020;52(2):179-84. 48. Alcover CM, Rodríguez F, Pastor Y, Thomas H, Rey M, Del Barrio JL. Group membership and social and personal identities as psychosocial coping resources to psychological consequences of the COVID-19 confinement. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(20):7413. 49. Kong X, Kong F, Zheng K, Tang M, Chen Y, Zhou J, et al. Effect of psychological-behavioral intervention on the depression and anxiety of COVID-19 patients. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:586355. 50. Ritvo P, Ahmad F, El Morr C, Pirbaglou M, Moineddin R; MVC Team. A Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Student Depression, Anxiety, and Stress: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Ment Health. 2021;8(1):e23491. Erratum in: JMIR Ment Health. 2021;8(1):e27160. 51. Farris SR, Grazzi L, Holley M, Dorsett A, Xing K, Pierce CR, et al. Online Mindfulness May Target Psychological Distress and Mental Health during COVID-19. Glob Adv Health Med. 2021;10:21649561211002461. 52. Vanden Bossche D, Lagaert S, Willems S, Decat P. Community health workers as a strategy to tackle psychosocial suffering due to physical distancing: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(6):3097. 53. Vukčević Marković M, Bjekić J, Priebe S. Effectiveness of expressive writing in the reduction of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial. Front Psychol. 2020;11:587282. 54. Shamblaw L, Rumas L, Best V. Coping during the COVID-19 pandemic: Relations with mental health and quality of life. Can Psychol. 2021;62(1):92–100. 55. Fullana MA, Hidalgo-Mazzei D, Vieta E, Radua J. Coping behaviors associated with decreased anxiety and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. J Affect Disord. 2020;275:80-1. 56. Behan C. The benefits of meditation and mindfulness practices during times of crisis such as COVID-19. Ir J Psychol Med. 2020;37(4):256-8. 57. Eisenbeck N, Carreno DF, Pérez-Escobar JA. Meaning-centered coping in the era of COVID-19: direct and moderating effects on depression, anxiety, and stress. Front Psychol. 2021;12:648383. Erratum in: Front Psychol. 2021;12:682447. 58. Ao Y, Zhu H, Meng F, Wang Y, Ye G, Yang L, et al. The impact of social support on public anxiety amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(23):9097. - ⁵⁹59. Zhang W, Paudel D, Shi R, Liang J, Liu J, Zeng X, et al. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) for anxiety due to fear of COVID-19 infection: a case series. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2020;16:2669-75. )	Inteligência emocional( ²¹21. Kim JW, Stewart R, Kang SJ, Jung SI, Kim SW, Kim JM. Telephone based Interventions for Psychological Problems in Hospital Isolated Patients with COVID-19. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2020;18(4):616-20. , ⁴³43. Nurunnabi M, Hossain SF, Chinna K, Sundarasen S, Khoshaim HB, Kamaludin K, et al. Coping strategies of students for anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res. 2020;9:1115. 44. Agyapong VI, Hrabok M, Shalaby R, Vuong W, Noble JM, Gusnowski A, et al. Text4Hope: receiving daily supportive text messages for 3 months during the COVID-19 pandemic reduces stress, anxiety, and depression. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2022;16(4):1326-30. 45. Ding H, He F, Lu YG, Hao SW, Fan XJ. Effects of non-drug interventions on depression, anxiety and sleep in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021;25(2):1087-96. Review. 46. Khawam E, Khouli H, Pozuelo L. Treating acute anxiety in patients with COVID-19. Cleve Clin J Med. 2020 May 14. 47. Shatri H, Faisal E, Putranto R. Mass panic disaster management in COVID-19 Pandemic. Acta Med Indones. 2020;52(2):179-84. - ⁴⁸48. Alcover CM, Rodríguez F, Pastor Y, Thomas H, Rey M, Del Barrio JL. Group membership and social and personal identities as psychosocial coping resources to psychological consequences of the COVID-19 confinement. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(20):7413. )
	Atenção plena( ⁴⁹49. Kong X, Kong F, Zheng K, Tang M, Chen Y, Zhou J, et al. Effect of psychological-behavioral intervention on the depression and anxiety of COVID-19 patients. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:586355. 50. Ritvo P, Ahmad F, El Morr C, Pirbaglou M, Moineddin R; MVC Team. A Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Student Depression, Anxiety, and Stress: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Ment Health. 2021;8(1):e23491. Erratum in: JMIR Ment Health. 2021;8(1):e27160. 51. Farris SR, Grazzi L, Holley M, Dorsett A, Xing K, Pierce CR, et al. Online Mindfulness May Target Psychological Distress and Mental Health during COVID-19. Glob Adv Health Med. 2021;10:21649561211002461. - ⁵²52. Vanden Bossche D, Lagaert S, Willems S, Decat P. Community health workers as a strategy to tackle psychosocial suffering due to physical distancing: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(6):3097. )
	Coping/Terapias de Exposição( ⁵⁶56. Behan C. The benefits of meditation and mindfulness practices during times of crisis such as COVID-19. Ir J Psychol Med. 2020;37(4):256-8. 57. Eisenbeck N, Carreno DF, Pérez-Escobar JA. Meaning-centered coping in the era of COVID-19: direct and moderating effects on depression, anxiety, and stress. Front Psychol. 2021;12:648383. Erratum in: Front Psychol. 2021;12:682447. 58. Ao Y, Zhu H, Meng F, Wang Y, Ye G, Yang L, et al. The impact of social support on public anxiety amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(23):9097. - ⁵⁹59. Zhang W, Paudel D, Shi R, Liang J, Liu J, Zeng X, et al. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) for anxiety due to fear of COVID-19 infection: a case series. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2020;16:2669-75. )
Práticas integrativas complementares( ²²22. Yang Y, Sun S, Hu S, Tang C, Zhang Y, Lin H. Comparative effectiveness of multiple psychological interventions for psychological crisis in people affected by coronavirus disease 2019: a bayesian network meta-analysis. Front Psychol. 2021;12:577187. , ³⁴34. Shabahang R. Cognitive behavioural intervention for health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and depression in coronavirus disease 2019 anxiety: an interventional study in Iran. Psychiatr Psychol Klin. 2020;2(20):87-93. , ⁵¹51. Farris SR, Grazzi L, Holley M, Dorsett A, Xing K, Pierce CR, et al. Online Mindfulness May Target Psychological Distress and Mental Health during COVID-19. Glob Adv Health Med. 2021;10:21649561211002461. , ⁵²52. Vanden Bossche D, Lagaert S, Willems S, Decat P. Community health workers as a strategy to tackle psychosocial suffering due to physical distancing: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(6):3097. , ⁵⁶56. Behan C. The benefits of meditation and mindfulness practices during times of crisis such as COVID-19. Ir J Psychol Med. 2020;37(4):256-8. , ⁶⁰60. Liu S, Yang L, Zhang C, Xiang YT, Liu Z, Hu S, et al. Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):e17-e18. 61. Currie CL, Larouche R, Voss ML, Higa EK, Spiwak R, Scott D, et al. The impact of eHealth group interventions on the mental, behavioral, and physical health of adults: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev. 2020;9(1):217. 62. Kunkle S, Yip M, Hunt J, Ξ W, Udall D, Arean P, et al. Association Between Care Utilization and Anxiety Outcomes in an On-Demand Mental Health System: Retrospective Observational Study. JMIR Form Res. 2021;5(1):e24662. 63. Smolarczyk-Kosowska J, Szczegielniak A, Legutko M, Zaczek A, Kunert Ł, Piegza M, et al. Assessment of the impact of a daily rehabilitation program on anxiety and depression symptoms and the quality of life of people with mental disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(4):1434. 64. Puyat JH, Ahmad H, Avina-Galindo AM, Kazanjian A, Gupta A, Ellis U, et al. A rapid review of home-based activities that can promote mental wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One. 2020;15(12):e0243125. 65. Zhou L, Xie RH, Yang X, Zhang S, Li D, Zhang Y, et al. Feasibility and preliminary results of effectiveness of social media-based intervention on the psychological well-being of suspected COVID-19 Cases during quarantine. Can J Psychiatry. 2020;65(10):736-8. 66. Shifeng I, Yiling U, Fumin Z, Qiongying X, Aibao Z. Self-affirmation buffering by the general public reduces anxiety levels during the covid-19 epidemic. Acta Psychol Sinica. 2020;52(7):886-94. 67. Sturgill R, Martinasek M, Schmidt T, Goyal R. A Novel Artificial Intelligence-Powered Emotional Intelligence and Mindfulness App (Ajivar) for the College Student Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Quantitative Questionnaire Study. JMIR Form Res. 2021;5(1):e25372. - ⁶⁸68. Alavi N, Yang M, Stephenson C, Nikjoo N, Malakouti N, Layzell G, et al. Using the Online Psychotherapy Tool to Address Mental Health Problems in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for an Electronically Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program. JMIR Res Protoc. 2020;9(12):e24913. )	Meditação( ⁵²52. Vanden Bossche D, Lagaert S, Willems S, Decat P. Community health workers as a strategy to tackle psychosocial suffering due to physical distancing: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(6):3097. , ⁵⁶56. Behan C. The benefits of meditation and mindfulness practices during times of crisis such as COVID-19. Ir J Psychol Med. 2020;37(4):256-8. , ⁶⁰60. Liu S, Yang L, Zhang C, Xiang YT, Liu Z, Hu S, et al. Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):e17-e18. )
	Mindfulness( ²²22. Yang Y, Sun S, Hu S, Tang C, Zhang Y, Lin H. Comparative effectiveness of multiple psychological interventions for psychological crisis in people affected by coronavirus disease 2019: a bayesian network meta-analysis. Front Psychol. 2021;12:577187. , ³⁴34. Shabahang R. Cognitive behavioural intervention for health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and depression in coronavirus disease 2019 anxiety: an interventional study in Iran. Psychiatr Psychol Klin. 2020;2(20):87-93. , ⁵¹51. Farris SR, Grazzi L, Holley M, Dorsett A, Xing K, Pierce CR, et al. Online Mindfulness May Target Psychological Distress and Mental Health during COVID-19. Glob Adv Health Med. 2021;10:21649561211002461. , ⁶¹61. Currie CL, Larouche R, Voss ML, Higa EK, Spiwak R, Scott D, et al. The impact of eHealth group interventions on the mental, behavioral, and physical health of adults: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev. 2020;9(1):217. 62. Kunkle S, Yip M, Hunt J, Ξ W, Udall D, Arean P, et al. Association Between Care Utilization and Anxiety Outcomes in an On-Demand Mental Health System: Retrospective Observational Study. JMIR Form Res. 2021;5(1):e24662. - ⁶³63. Smolarczyk-Kosowska J, Szczegielniak A, Legutko M, Zaczek A, Kunert Ł, Piegza M, et al. Assessment of the impact of a daily rehabilitation program on anxiety and depression symptoms and the quality of life of people with mental disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(4):1434. )
	Ioga( ⁶⁴64. Puyat JH, Ahmad H, Avina-Galindo AM, Kazanjian A, Gupta A, Ellis U, et al. A rapid review of home-based activities that can promote mental wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One. 2020;15(12):e0243125. , ⁶⁵65. Zhou L, Xie RH, Yang X, Zhang S, Li D, Zhang Y, et al. Feasibility and preliminary results of effectiveness of social media-based intervention on the psychological well-being of suspected COVID-19 Cases during quarantine. Can J Psychiatry. 2020;65(10):736-8. )
	Ecoterapia( ⁶⁶66. Shifeng I, Yiling U, Fumin Z, Qiongying X, Aibao Z. Self-affirmation buffering by the general public reduces anxiety levels during the covid-19 epidemic. Acta Psychol Sinica. 2020;52(7):886-94. )
	Medicina tradicional chinesa( ⁶⁷67. Sturgill R, Martinasek M, Schmidt T, Goyal R. A Novel Artificial Intelligence-Powered Emotional Intelligence and Mindfulness App (Ajivar) for the College Student Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Quantitative Questionnaire Study. JMIR Form Res. 2021;5(1):e25372. , ⁶⁸68. Alavi N, Yang M, Stephenson C, Nikjoo N, Malakouti N, Layzell G, et al. Using the Online Psychotherapy Tool to Address Mental Health Problems in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for an Electronically Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program. JMIR Res Protoc. 2020;9(12):e24913. )
Suporte social/Espiritualidade( ³⁹39. Warnock-Parkes E, Wild J, Thew GR, Kerr A, Grey N, Stott R, et al. Treating social anxiety disorder remotely with cognitive therapy. Cogn Behav Therap. 2020;13:e30. Review. , ⁴⁸48. Alcover CM, Rodríguez F, Pastor Y, Thomas H, Rey M, Del Barrio JL. Group membership and social and personal identities as psychosocial coping resources to psychological consequences of the COVID-19 confinement. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(20):7413. , ⁶⁹69. Agyapong VI, Hrabok M, Vuong W, Shalaby R, Noble JM, Gusnowski A, et al. Changes in Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Levels of Subscribers to a Daily Supportive Text Message Program (Text4Hope) During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. JMIR Ment Health. 2020;7(12):e22423. 70. El Morr C, Ritvo P, Ahmad F, Moineddin R; MVC Team. Effectiveness of an 8-Week Web-Based Mindfulness Virtual Community Intervention for University Students on Symptoms of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Ment Health. 2020;7(7):e18595. Erratum in: JMIR Ment Health. 2020;7(9):e24131. 71. Xiao CX, Lin YJ, Lin RQ, Liu AN, Zhong GQ, Lan CF. Effects of progressive muscle relaxation training on negative emotions and sleep quality in COVID-19 patients: a clinical observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99(47):e23185. 72. Ding X, Yao J. Peer Education Intervention on Adolescents’ Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Disorder during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychiatr Danub. 2020;32(3-4):527-35. 73. Holmes EA, O’Connor RC, Perry VH, Tracey I, Wessely S, Arseneault L, et al. Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(6):547-60. 74. Li L, Liu G, Xu W, Zhang Y, He M. Effects of Internet Hospital Consultations on Psychological Burdens and Disease Knowledge During the Early Outbreak of COVID-19 in China: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(8):e19551. - ⁷⁵75. Mirhosseini S, Dadgari A, Basirinezhad MH, Mohammadpourhodki R, Ebrahimi H. The role of hope to alleviate anxiety in COVID-19 outbreak among community dwellers: an online cross-sectional survey. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2020;49(10):723-30. )	Oferta/incentivo do suporte social( ³⁹39. Warnock-Parkes E, Wild J, Thew GR, Kerr A, Grey N, Stott R, et al. Treating social anxiety disorder remotely with cognitive therapy. Cogn Behav Therap. 2020;13:e30. Review. , ⁴⁸48. Alcover CM, Rodríguez F, Pastor Y, Thomas H, Rey M, Del Barrio JL. Group membership and social and personal identities as psychosocial coping resources to psychological consequences of the COVID-19 confinement. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(20):7413. , ⁶⁹69. Agyapong VI, Hrabok M, Vuong W, Shalaby R, Noble JM, Gusnowski A, et al. Changes in Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Levels of Subscribers to a Daily Supportive Text Message Program (Text4Hope) During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. JMIR Ment Health. 2020;7(12):e22423. 70. El Morr C, Ritvo P, Ahmad F, Moineddin R; MVC Team. Effectiveness of an 8-Week Web-Based Mindfulness Virtual Community Intervention for University Students on Symptoms of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Ment Health. 2020;7(7):e18595. Erratum in: JMIR Ment Health. 2020;7(9):e24131. - ⁷¹71. Xiao CX, Lin YJ, Lin RQ, Liu AN, Zhong GQ, Lan CF. Effects of progressive muscle relaxation training on negative emotions and sleep quality in COVID-19 patients: a clinical observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99(47):e23185. )
	Educação por pares( ⁷²72. Ding X, Yao J. Peer Education Intervention on Adolescents’ Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Disorder during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychiatr Danub. 2020;32(3-4):527-35. )
	Aprimoramento da espiritualidade( ⁷³73. Holmes EA, O’Connor RC, Perry VH, Tracey I, Wessely S, Arseneault L, et al. Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(6):547-60. 74. Li L, Liu G, Xu W, Zhang Y, He M. Effects of Internet Hospital Consultations on Psychological Burdens and Disease Knowledge During the Early Outbreak of COVID-19 in China: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(8):e19551. - ⁷⁵75. Mirhosseini S, Dadgari A, Basirinezhad MH, Mohammadpourhodki R, Ebrahimi H. The role of hope to alleviate anxiety in COVID-19 outbreak among community dwellers: an online cross-sectional survey. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2020;49(10):723-30. )
Adoção de hábitos de vida saudáveis( ¹⁴14. Vatansever D, Wang S, Sahakian BJ. Covid-19 and promising solutions to combat symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2021;46(1):217-8. , ⁶⁴64. Puyat JH, Ahmad H, Avina-Galindo AM, Kazanjian A, Gupta A, Ellis U, et al. A rapid review of home-based activities that can promote mental wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One. 2020;15(12):e0243125. , ⁷⁶76. Gabrielli S, Rizzi S, Bassi G, Carbone S, Maimone R, Marchesoni M, et al. Engagement and Effectiveness of a Healthy-Coping Intervention via Chatbot for University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Proof-of-Concept Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2021;9(5):e27965. 77. Hu S, Tucker L, Wu C, Yang L. Beneficial effects of exercise on depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:587557. Review. 78. Borrega-Mouquinho Y, Sánchez-Gómez J, Fuentes-García JP, Collado-Mateo D, Villafaina S. Effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity training on stress, depression, anxiety, and resilience in healthy adults during coronavirus disease 2019 confinement: a randomized controlled trial. Front Psychol. 2021;12:643069. 79. Klussman K, Nichols AL, Langer J. Mental health in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal examination of the ameliorating effect of meaning salience. Curr Psychol. 2021:1-8. 80. Wei N, Huang BC, Lu SJ, Hu JB, Zhou XY, Hu CC, et al. Efficacy of internet-based integrated intervention on depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with COVID-19. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2020;21(5):400-4. 81. Munn Z, Moola S, Lisy K, Riitano D, Tufanaru C. Chapter 5: Systematic reviews of prevalence and incidence. In: Aromataris E, Munn Z, editors. Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers Manual. JBI; 2014. - ⁸²82. Schuch FB, Bulzing RA, Meyer J, Vancampfort D, Firth J, Stubbs B, et al. Associations of moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior with depressive and anxiety symptoms in self-isolating people during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey in Brazil. Psychiatry Res. 2020;292:113339. )	Atividade física( ⁶⁴64. Puyat JH, Ahmad H, Avina-Galindo AM, Kazanjian A, Gupta A, Ellis U, et al. A rapid review of home-based activities that can promote mental wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One. 2020;15(12):e0243125. , ⁷⁶76. Gabrielli S, Rizzi S, Bassi G, Carbone S, Maimone R, Marchesoni M, et al. Engagement and Effectiveness of a Healthy-Coping Intervention via Chatbot for University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Proof-of-Concept Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2021;9(5):e27965. 77. Hu S, Tucker L, Wu C, Yang L. Beneficial effects of exercise on depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:587557. Review. 78. Borrega-Mouquinho Y, Sánchez-Gómez J, Fuentes-García JP, Collado-Mateo D, Villafaina S. Effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity training on stress, depression, anxiety, and resilience in healthy adults during coronavirus disease 2019 confinement: a randomized controlled trial. Front Psychol. 2021;12:643069. 79. Klussman K, Nichols AL, Langer J. Mental health in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal examination of the ameliorating effect of meaning salience. Curr Psychol. 2021:1-8. - ⁸⁰80. Wei N, Huang BC, Lu SJ, Hu JB, Zhou XY, Hu CC, et al. Efficacy of internet-based integrated intervention on depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with COVID-19. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2020;21(5):400-4. )
	Exergames( ¹⁴14. Vatansever D, Wang S, Sahakian BJ. Covid-19 and promising solutions to combat symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2021;46(1):217-8. , ⁸¹81. Munn Z, Moola S, Lisy K, Riitano D, Tufanaru C. Chapter 5: Systematic reviews of prevalence and incidence. In: Aromataris E, Munn Z, editors. Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers Manual. JBI; 2014. )
	Alimentação saudável( ⁸²82. Schuch FB, Bulzing RA, Meyer J, Vancampfort D, Firth J, Stubbs B, et al. Associations of moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior with depressive and anxiety symptoms in self-isolating people during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey in Brazil. Psychiatry Res. 2020;292:113339. )
Técnicas de relaxamento( ²⁵25. Ozamiz-Etxebarria N, Dosil Santamaría M, Eiguren Munitis A, Picaza Gorrotxategi M. Corrigendum: reduction of COVID-19 anxiety levels through relaxation techniques: a study carried out in Northern Spain on a sample of young university students. Front Psychol. 2020;11:609098. Erratum for: Front Psychol. 2020;11:2038. , ⁵²52. Vanden Bossche D, Lagaert S, Willems S, Decat P. Community health workers as a strategy to tackle psychosocial suffering due to physical distancing: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(6):3097. , ⁶⁷67. Sturgill R, Martinasek M, Schmidt T, Goyal R. A Novel Artificial Intelligence-Powered Emotional Intelligence and Mindfulness App (Ajivar) for the College Student Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Quantitative Questionnaire Study. JMIR Form Res. 2021;5(1):e25372. , ⁸³83. Chaudhury P, Banerjee D. “Recovering With Nature”: A Review of Ecotherapy and Implications for the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Public Health. 2020;8:604440. Retraction in: Front Public Health. 2023;10:1124835. 84. Pheh KS, Tan HC, Tan CS. Effects of an Ultra-brief Online Mindfulness-based Intervention on Mental Health during the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak in Malaysia: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Hubs-Asia. 2020;24(2):118. 85. Cui YX, Zhou X, Zu C, Zhai HK, Bai BR, Xu YM, et al. Benevolent Creativity Buffers Anxiety Aroused by Mortality Salience: Terror Management in COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol. 2020;11:601027. 86. Liu K, Chen Y, Wu D, Lin R, Wang Z, Pan L. Effects of progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety and sleep quality in patients with COVID-19. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020;39:101132. 87. Knutson D, Kertz S, Chambers-Baltz S, Christie MB, Harris E, Perinchery R. A pilot test of a text message-based transgender and nonbinary affirmative cognitive-behavioral intervention for anxiety and depression. Psychol Sex Orientat Gend Divers. 2021;8(4):440–50. - ⁸⁸88. Pinheiro Barcessat AR, Nolli Bittencourt M, Duarte Ferreira L, de Souza Neri E, Coelho Pereira JA, Bechelli F, et al. REAC Cervicobrachial Neuromodulation Treatment of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2020;13:929-37. Erratum in: Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2021;13:1373. )	Relaxamento muscular( ⁶⁷67. Sturgill R, Martinasek M, Schmidt T, Goyal R. A Novel Artificial Intelligence-Powered Emotional Intelligence and Mindfulness App (Ajivar) for the College Student Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Quantitative Questionnaire Study. JMIR Form Res. 2021;5(1):e25372. , ⁸³83. Chaudhury P, Banerjee D. “Recovering With Nature”: A Review of Ecotherapy and Implications for the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Public Health. 2020;8:604440. Retraction in: Front Public Health. 2023;10:1124835. 84. Pheh KS, Tan HC, Tan CS. Effects of an Ultra-brief Online Mindfulness-based Intervention on Mental Health during the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak in Malaysia: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Hubs-Asia. 2020;24(2):118. - ⁸⁵85. Cui YX, Zhou X, Zu C, Zhai HK, Bai BR, Xu YM, et al. Benevolent Creativity Buffers Anxiety Aroused by Mortality Salience: Terror Management in COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol. 2020;11:601027. )
	Reabilitação respiratória( ⁶⁷67. Sturgill R, Martinasek M, Schmidt T, Goyal R. A Novel Artificial Intelligence-Powered Emotional Intelligence and Mindfulness App (Ajivar) for the College Student Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Quantitative Questionnaire Study. JMIR Form Res. 2021;5(1):e25372. , ⁸⁶86. Liu K, Chen Y, Wu D, Lin R, Wang Z, Pan L. Effects of progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety and sleep quality in patients with COVID-19. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020;39:101132. , ⁸⁷87. Knutson D, Kertz S, Chambers-Baltz S, Christie MB, Harris E, Perinchery R. A pilot test of a text message-based transgender and nonbinary affirmative cognitive-behavioral intervention for anxiety and depression. Psychol Sex Orientat Gend Divers. 2021;8(4):440–50. , ²⁵25. Ozamiz-Etxebarria N, Dosil Santamaría M, Eiguren Munitis A, Picaza Gorrotxategi M. Corrigendum: reduction of COVID-19 anxiety levels through relaxation techniques: a study carried out in Northern Spain on a sample of young university students. Front Psychol. 2020;11:609098. Erratum for: Front Psychol. 2020;11:2038. , ⁵²52. Vanden Bossche D, Lagaert S, Willems S, Decat P. Community health workers as a strategy to tackle psychosocial suffering due to physical distancing: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(6):3097. )
	Neuromodulação cervicobraquial( ⁸⁸88. Pinheiro Barcessat AR, Nolli Bittencourt M, Duarte Ferreira L, de Souza Neri E, Coelho Pereira JA, Bechelli F, et al. REAC Cervicobrachial Neuromodulation Treatment of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2020;13:929-37. Erratum in: Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2021;13:1373. )
Terapia com ação farmacológica( ⁴³43. Nurunnabi M, Hossain SF, Chinna K, Sundarasen S, Khoshaim HB, Kamaludin K, et al. Coping strategies of students for anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res. 2020;9:1115. , ⁸⁹89. Rias YA, Rosyad YS, Chipojola R, Wiratama BS, Safitri CI, Weng SF, et al. Effects of Spirituality, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices toward Anxiety Regarding COVID-19 among the General Population in INDONESIA: a cross-sectional study. J Clin Med. 2020;9(12):3798. 90. Al-Alawi M, McCall RK, Sultan A, Al Balushi N, Al-Mahrouqi T, Al Ghailani A, et al. Efficacy of a six-week-long therapist-guided online therapy versus self-help internet-based therapy for COVID-19-induced anxiety and depression: open-label, pragmatic, randomized controlled trial. JMIR Ment Health. 2021;8(2):e26683. 91. Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Soleymani A, Cheng Q. Traditional herbal medicines to overcome stress, anxiety and improve mental health in outbreaks of human coronaviruses. Phytother Res. 2021;35(3):1237-47. - ⁹²92. Alonso-Castro AJ, Ruiz-Padilla AJ, Ortiz-Cortes M, Carranza E, Ramírez-Morales MA, Escutia-Gutiérrez R, et al. Self-treatment and adverse reactions with herbal products for treating symptoms associated with anxiety and depression in adults from the central-western region of Mexico during the Covid-19 pandemic. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021;272:113952. )	Psicofarmacologia( ⁸⁸88. Pinheiro Barcessat AR, Nolli Bittencourt M, Duarte Ferreira L, de Souza Neri E, Coelho Pereira JA, Bechelli F, et al. REAC Cervicobrachial Neuromodulation Treatment of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2020;13:929-37. Erratum in: Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2021;13:1373. , ⁸⁹89. Rias YA, Rosyad YS, Chipojola R, Wiratama BS, Safitri CI, Weng SF, et al. Effects of Spirituality, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices toward Anxiety Regarding COVID-19 among the General Population in INDONESIA: a cross-sectional study. J Clin Med. 2020;9(12):3798. )
	Plantas e ervas medicinais( ⁴³43. Nurunnabi M, Hossain SF, Chinna K, Sundarasen S, Khoshaim HB, Kamaludin K, et al. Coping strategies of students for anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res. 2020;9:1115. , ⁹¹91. Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Soleymani A, Cheng Q. Traditional herbal medicines to overcome stress, anxiety and improve mental health in outbreaks of human coronaviruses. Phytother Res. 2021;35(3):1237-47. , ⁹²92. Alonso-Castro AJ, Ruiz-Padilla AJ, Ortiz-Cortes M, Carranza E, Ramírez-Morales MA, Escutia-Gutiérrez R, et al. Self-treatment and adverse reactions with herbal products for treating symptoms associated with anxiety and depression in adults from the central-western region of Mexico during the Covid-19 pandemic. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021;272:113952. )

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[1] Autor correspondente: Maria Paula Bortoleti de Araújo E-mail: mpbortoleti@usp.br