Abstract
Objective
To verify the association between smoking, stress, sociodemographic and academic variables and sleep quality of nursing undergraduates.
Methods
Cross-sectional study with 286 undergraduates from a public higher education institution in the city of Salvador, state of Bahia. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale and tools on smoking, sociodemographic and academic variables were applied. Bivariate analysis was performed using Pearson’s chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, and variables with p values <0.20 entered the multivariate analysis using the Poisson Robust Regression Model. Statistical significance of 5% was adopted. The modeling was performed with the backward procedure and the model was chosen using the Akaike information criterion.
Results
In the multiple analysis, undergraduates with a monthly family income of less than four minimum wages had a 20% increase in poor sleep quality when compared to those with a higher income than seven minimum wages (PR: 1.20; 95% CI 1.01; 1.43). Those with high level of perceived stress had an 11% increase in poor sleep quality compared with those with low level (PR: 1.11; 95% CI 1.02; 1.20). Smokers/former smokers also had an 11% increase in poor sleep quality compared to non-smokers (PR: 1.11; 95% CI 1.04; 1.18). The model was adjusted by course load and age.
Conclusion
Low income, high stress level and smoking were associated with poor sleep quality. The results challenge the proposition of interventions that can minimize the quality of bad sleep in nursing undergraduates.
Sleep wake disorders; Tabacco user disorder; Stress, psychological; Risk factors; Students; Health promotion