Avaliação da arginina dietética sobre a resposta imunológica de frangos de corte imunizados contra a Doença de Gumboro

Fernandes, Jovanir Inês Müller; Dalla Rosa, Daniela; Ribeiro, Mayra Vissotto; Lima, Edna Tereza de; Fernandes, Nelson Luis Mello

doi:10.4025/actascianimsci.v33i29738

Resumos

O estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da suplementação de Arginina (Arg) sobre a resposta imune humoral e o desenvolvimento dos órgãos linfoides de frangos de corte imunizados contra a Doença de Gumboro. Foram utilizados 640 pintos de corte, distribuídos aleatoriamente em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos (1. Controle, 2. Imunização, 3. Imunização + suplementação de L-Arg e 4. Suplementação de L-Arg.) e oito repetições de 20 aves cada. As aves dos tratamentos 3 e 4 foram imunizadas no 16º dia, contra a Doença de Gumboro (cepa intermediária plus). Amostras de soro das aves com 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias de idade foram analisadas por ELISA para detecção de título de anticorpos contra a Doença de Gumboro e nestas mesmas idades foi determinado o peso dos órgãos linfoides e a altura de pregas primárias do tecido linfoide da bolsa cloacal. Não houve diferença significativa (p > 0,05) entre os tratamentos. A suplementação de Arg não contribuiu com a resposta imune dos frangos de corte imunizados contra a Doença de Gumboro. A falta de resposta à imunização pode ser atribuída à baixa virulência da cepa vacinal utilizada e à presença de vírus de campo.

aminoácido; doença infecciosa da Bursa de Fabrício; sistema imune; título de anticorpos; bolsa cloacal

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplemental Arginine (Arg) on the humoral immune response and development of lymphoid organs of broiler chickens vaccinated against Gumboro disease. Six hundred and forty broilers were reared in a complete randomized design with four treatments (1. Control, 2. Immunization, 3. Immunization and supplementation of L-Arg, and 4. Supplemental L-Arg.) and eight replications of 20 birds each. Birds in treatments 3 and 4 were vaccinated at 16 days against Gumboro disease (intermediate plus strain). Serum samples from birds at 14, 21, 28 and 35 days old were analyzed by ELISA for detection of antibody titers against Gumboro disease, and at these same ages, lymphoid organ weight was determined and the height of the primary folds of lymphoid tissue in the cloacal bursa was measured. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) among treatments. Arg supplementation did not improve the immune response of broilers immunized against Gumboro Disease. The lack of response to immunization may be attributed to the low virulence of the vaccine strain used and the presence of environmental virus.

amino acid; infectious bursal disease; immune system; antibody titers; cloacal bursa

Avaliação da arginina dietética sobre a resposta imunológica de frangos de corte imunizados contra a Doença de Gumboro

Assessment of arginine diet on the immune response of broilers immunized against Gumboro disease.

Jovanir Inês Müller FernandesI^* E-mail: jimfernandes@ufpr.br ; Daniela Dalla Rosa^I; Mayra Vissotto Ribeiro^I; Edna Tereza de Lima^I; Nelson Luis Mello Fernandes^II

^ILaboratório de Experimentação Avícola, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua Pioneiro, 215, 85950-000, Palotina, Paraná, Brasil.

^IILaboratório de Diagnóstico Biotecnológico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Palotina, Paraná, Brasil.

^{Correspondencia para} E-mail: jimfernandes@ufpr.br

RESUMO

O estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da suplementação de Arginina (Arg) sobre a resposta imune humoral e o desenvolvimento dos órgãos linfoides de frangos de corte imunizados contra a Doença de Gumboro. Foram utilizados 640 pintos de corte, distribuídos aleatoriamente em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos (1. Controle, 2. Imunização, 3. Imunização + suplementação de L-Arg e 4. Suplementação de L-Arg.) e oito repetições de 20 aves cada. As aves dos tratamentos 3 e 4 foram imunizadas no 16º dia, contra a Doença de Gumboro (cepa intermediária plus). Amostras de soro das aves com 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias de idade foram analisadas por ELISA para detecção de título de anticorpos contra a Doença de Gumboro e nestas mesmas idades foi determinado o peso dos órgãos linfoides e a altura de pregas primárias do tecido linfoide da bolsa cloacal. Não houve diferença significativa (p > 0,05) entre os tratamentos. A suplementação de Arg não contribuiu com a resposta imune dos frangos de corte imunizados contra a Doença de Gumboro. A falta de resposta à imunização pode ser atribuída à baixa virulência da cepa vacinal utilizada e à presença de vírus de campo.

Palavras-chave: aminoácido, doença infecciosa da Bursa de Fabrício, sistema imune, título de anticorpos, bolsa cloacal.

ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplemental Arginine (Arg) on the humoral immune response and development of lymphoid organs of broiler chickens vaccinated against Gumboro disease. Six hundred and forty broilers were reared in a complete randomized design with four treatments

(1. Control, 2. Immunization, 3. Immunization and supplementation of L-Arg, and 4. Supplemental L-Arg.) and eight replications of 20 birds each. Birds in treatments 3 and 4 were vaccinated at 16 days against Gumboro disease (intermediate plus strain). Serum samples from birds at 14, 21, 28 and 35 days old were analyzed by ELISA for detection of antibody titers against Gumboro disease, and at these same ages, lymphoid organ weight was determined and the height of the primary folds of lymphoid tissue in the cloacal bursa was measured. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) among treatments. Arg supplementation did not improve the immune response of broilers immunized against Gumboro Disease. The lack of response to immunization may be attributed to the low virulence of the vaccine strain used and the presence of environmental virus.

Keywords: amino acid, infectious bursal disease, immune system, antibody titers, cloacal bursa.

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Full text available only in PDF format.

Referências

ABDUKALYKOVA, S.; RUIZ-FRIA, C. Arginine and vitamin E improve the cellular and humoral immune response of broiler chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science, v. 5, n. 2, p. 121-127, 2006.

ALLAN, W. H.; FARAGHER, J. T.; CULLEN, G. A. Immunossupression by the infectious bursal agent in chickens immunized against Newcastle disease. Veterinary Record, v. 90, n. 18, p. 511-512, 1972.

AUSTIC, R. E.; NESHEIM, M. C. Arginine, ornithine and proline metabolism of chicks: Influence of diet and heredity. Journal of Nutrition, v. 101, n. 10, p. 1403-1413, 1971.

BALL, R. O.; URSCHEL, K. L.; PENCHARZ, P. B. Nutritional consequences of interspecies differences in arginine and lysine metabolism. Journal of Nutrition,

v. 137, n. 6, p. 1626-1641, 2007.

BANSAL, V.; RODRIGUEZ, P.; WU, G.; EICHLER, D. C.; ZABALETA, J.; TAHERI, F.; OCHOA, J. B. Citrulline can preserve proliferation and prevent the loss of CD3 z chain under conditions of low arginine. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, v. 28, n. 6, p. 423-430, 2004.

BERG, T. P. Van den. Acute infectious bursal disease in poultry: A review. Avian Pathology, v. 29, n. 3, p. 175-194, 2000.

CORZO, A.; KIDD, M. T. Arginine needs for chick and growing broiler. International Journal of Poultry Science, v. 2, n. 2, p. 379-382, 2003.

DE JONGE, W. J.; KWIKKERS, K. L.; TE VELDE, A. A.; DEVENTER, S. J. H. Van; NOLTE, M. A.; MEBIUS, R. E.; RUIJTER, J. M.; LAMERS, M. C.; LAMERS, W. H. Arginine deficiency affects early B cell maturation and lymphoid organ development in transgenic mice. Journal of Clinical Investigation, v. 110, n. 10, p. 1539-1548, 2002.

DENG, K.; WONG, C. W.; NOLAN, J. V. Long-term effects of early life L-arginine supplementation on growth performance, lymphoid organs and immune responses in Leghorn-type chickens. British Poultry Science, v. 46, n. 3, p. 318-324, 2005.

GIAMBRONE, J. J.; CLOSSER, J. Efficacy of live vaccines against serologic subtypes of infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Disease, v. 34, n. 1, p. 7-11, 1990.

HUNPHREY, B. D.; KIRK, K. C. The acute phase response alters cationic amino acid transporter expression in growing chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, v. 142, n. 4, p. 485-494, 2005.

KAWAK, H.; AUSTIC, R. E.; DIETERT, R. R. Influence of dietary arginine concentration on lymphoid organ growth in chickens. Poultry Science, v. 78, n. 11,

p. 1536-1541, 1999.

KEPKA-LENHART, D.; MISTRY, S. K.; WU, G.; MORRIS, S. M. Arginase I: a limiting factor for nitric oxide and polyamine synthesis by activated macrophages? American Journal of Physiology, v. 279, n. 6, p. 2237-2242, 2000.

LE FLOC'H, N.; MELCHIOR, D.; OBLED, C. Modification of protein and amino acid metabolism during inflammation and immune system activation. Livestock Production Science, v. 87, n. 1-2, p. 37-45, 2004.

NISHIZAWA, M.; PAULILLO, A. C.; BERNARDINO, A.; ALESSI, A. C.; SAYD, S.; OKADA, L. S. N.; DORETTO JUNIOR, L. Evaluation of anatomopathological, serological, immunological responses and protection in broilers vaccinated with live infectious bursal disease vaccines. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, v. 74, n. 3, p. 219-226, 2007.

ROSTAGNO, H. S.; ALBINO, L. F. T.; DONZELE, J. L.; GOMES, P. C.; FERREIRA, A. S.; OLIVEIRA, R. F.; LOPES, D. C.; FERREIRA, A. S.; BARRETO, S. L. T. Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos. Composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais. 2. ed. Viçosa: UFV, 2005.

SAEG-Sistema de Análises Estatísticas e Genéticas. Versão 8.0. Viçosa: UFV, 1999. (Manual do usuário, p. 138).

SAPATS, S. I.; TRINIDAD, L.; GOULD, G.; HEINE, H. G.; BERG, T. P. Van den; ETERRADOSSI, N.; JACKWOOD, D.; PAREDE, L.; TOQUIN, D.; IGNJATOVIC, J. Chicken recombinant antibodies specific for very virulent infectious bursal disease vírus. Archives of Virology, v. 151, n. 8, p. 1551-1566, 2006.

TAYADE, C.; JAISWAL, T. N.; MISHRA, S. C.; MADHURI, K. L-Arginine stimulates immune response in chickens immunized with intermediate plus strain of infectious bursal disease vaccine. Vaccine, v. 24, p. 552-560, 2006.

WIESINGER, H. Arginine metabolism and the synthesis of nitric oxide in the nervous system. Progress in Neurobiology, v. 64, n. 4, p. 365-391, 2001.

WU, G.; MORRIS JR., S. M. Arginine metabolism: nitric oxide and beyond. Biochemical Journal, v. 336, p. 1-17, 1998.

*Autor para correspondência

Received on March 21, 2010.

Accepted on October 20, 2010.

License information: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

ABDUKALYKOVA, S.; RUIZ-FRIA, C. Arginine and vitamin E improve the cellular and humoral immune response of broiler chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science, v. 5, n. 2, p. 121-127, 2006.
ALLAN, W. H.; FARAGHER, J. T.; CULLEN, G. A. Immunossupression by the infectious bursal agent in chickens immunized against Newcastle disease. Veterinary Record, v. 90, n. 18, p. 511-512, 1972.
AUSTIC, R. E.; NESHEIM, M. C. Arginine, ornithine and proline metabolism of chicks: Influence of diet and heredity. Journal of Nutrition, v. 101, n. 10, p. 1403-1413, 1971.
BANSAL, V.; RODRIGUEZ, P.; WU, G.; EICHLER, D. C.; ZABALETA, J.; TAHERI, F.; OCHOA, J. B. Citrulline can preserve proliferation and prevent the loss of CD3 z chain under conditions of low arginine. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, v. 28, n. 6, p. 423-430, 2004.
BERG, T. P. Van den. Acute infectious bursal disease in poultry: A review. Avian Pathology, v. 29, n. 3, p. 175-194, 2000.
CORZO, A.; KIDD, M. T. Arginine needs for chick and growing broiler. International Journal of Poultry Science, v. 2, n. 2, p. 379-382, 2003.
DE JONGE, W. J.; KWIKKERS, K. L.; TE VELDE, A. A.; DEVENTER, S. J. H. Van; NOLTE, M. A.; MEBIUS, R. E.; RUIJTER, J. M.; LAMERS, M. C.; LAMERS, W. H. Arginine deficiency affects early B cell maturation and lymphoid organ development in transgenic mice. Journal of Clinical Investigation, v. 110, n. 10, p. 1539-1548, 2002.
DENG, K.; WONG, C. W.; NOLAN, J. V. Long-term effects of early life L-arginine supplementation on growth performance, lymphoid organs and immune responses in Leghorn-type chickens. British Poultry Science, v. 46, n. 3, p. 318-324, 2005.
GIAMBRONE, J. J.; CLOSSER, J. Efficacy of live vaccines against serologic subtypes of infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Disease, v. 34, n. 1, p. 7-11, 1990.
HUNPHREY, B. D.; KIRK, K. C. The acute phase response alters cationic amino acid transporter expression in growing chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, v. 142, n. 4, p. 485-494, 2005.
KEPKA-LENHART, D.; MISTRY, S. K.; WU, G.; MORRIS, S. M. Arginase I: a limiting factor for nitric oxide and polyamine synthesis by activated macrophages? American Journal of Physiology, v. 279, n. 6, p. 2237-2242, 2000.
LE FLOC'H, N.; MELCHIOR, D.; OBLED, C. Modification of protein and amino acid metabolism during inflammation and immune system activation. Livestock Production Science, v. 87, n. 1-2, p. 37-45, 2004.
NISHIZAWA, M.; PAULILLO, A. C.; BERNARDINO, A.; ALESSI, A. C.; SAYD, S.; OKADA, L. S. N.; DORETTO JUNIOR, L. Evaluation of anatomopathological, serological, immunological responses and protection in broilers vaccinated with live infectious bursal disease vaccines. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, v. 74, n. 3, p. 219-226, 2007.
ROSTAGNO, H. S.; ALBINO, L. F. T.; DONZELE, J. L.; GOMES, P. C.; FERREIRA, A. S.; OLIVEIRA, R. F.; LOPES, D. C.; FERREIRA, A. S.; BARRETO, S. L. T. Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos Composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais. 2. ed. Viçosa: UFV, 2005.
SAEG-Sistema de Análises Estatísticas e Genéticas. Versão 8.0 Viçosa: UFV, 1999. (Manual do usuário, p. 138).
SAPATS, S. I.; TRINIDAD, L.; GOULD, G.; HEINE, H. G.; BERG, T. P. Van den; ETERRADOSSI, N.; JACKWOOD, D.; PAREDE, L.; TOQUIN, D.; IGNJATOVIC, J. Chicken recombinant antibodies specific for very virulent infectious bursal disease vírus. Archives of Virology, v. 151, n. 8, p. 1551-1566, 2006.
TAYADE, C.; JAISWAL, T. N.; MISHRA, S. C.; MADHURI, K. L-Arginine stimulates immune response in chickens immunized with intermediate plus strain of infectious bursal disease vaccine. Vaccine, v. 24, p. 552-560, 2006.
WIESINGER, H. Arginine metabolism and the synthesis of nitric oxide in the nervous system. Progress in Neurobiology, v. 64, n. 4, p. 365-391, 2001.
WU, G.; MORRIS JR., S. M. Arginine metabolism: nitric oxide and beyond. Biochemical Journal, v. 336, p. 1-17, 1998.

E-mail:

jimfernandes@ufpr.br

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
24 Abr 2014
Data do Fascículo
Jun 2011

Histórico

Recebido
21 Mar 2010
Aceito
20 Out 2010

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] ABDUKALYKOVA, S.; RUIZ-FRIA, C. Arginine and vitamin E improve the cellular and humoral immune response of broiler chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science, v. 5, n. 2, p. 121-127, 2006.

[2] ALLAN, W. H.; FARAGHER, J. T.; CULLEN, G. A. Immunossupression by the infectious bursal agent in chickens immunized against Newcastle disease. Veterinary Record, v. 90, n. 18, p. 511-512, 1972.

[3] AUSTIC, R. E.; NESHEIM, M. C. Arginine, ornithine and proline metabolism of chicks: Influence of diet and heredity. Journal of Nutrition, v. 101, n. 10, p. 1403-1413, 1971.

[5] BANSAL, V.; RODRIGUEZ, P.; WU, G.; EICHLER, D. C.; ZABALETA, J.; TAHERI, F.; OCHOA, J. B. Citrulline can preserve proliferation and prevent the loss of CD3 z chain under conditions of low arginine. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, v. 28, n. 6, p. 423-430, 2004.

[6] BERG, T. P. Van den. Acute infectious bursal disease in poultry: A review. Avian Pathology, v. 29, n. 3, p. 175-194, 2000.

[7] CORZO, A.; KIDD, M. T. Arginine needs for chick and growing broiler. International Journal of Poultry Science, v. 2, n. 2, p. 379-382, 2003.

[8] DE JONGE, W. J.; KWIKKERS, K. L.; TE VELDE, A. A.; DEVENTER, S. J. H. Van; NOLTE, M. A.; MEBIUS, R. E.; RUIJTER, J. M.; LAMERS, M. C.; LAMERS, W. H. Arginine deficiency affects early B cell maturation and lymphoid organ development in transgenic mice. Journal of Clinical Investigation, v. 110, n. 10, p. 1539-1548, 2002.

[9] DENG, K.; WONG, C. W.; NOLAN, J. V. Long-term effects of early life L-arginine supplementation on growth performance, lymphoid organs and immune responses in Leghorn-type chickens. British Poultry Science, v. 46, n. 3, p. 318-324, 2005.

[10] GIAMBRONE, J. J.; CLOSSER, J. Efficacy of live vaccines against serologic subtypes of infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Disease, v. 34, n. 1, p. 7-11, 1990.

[11] HUNPHREY, B. D.; KIRK, K. C. The acute phase response alters cationic amino acid transporter expression in growing chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, v. 142, n. 4, p. 485-494, 2005.

[13] KEPKA-LENHART, D.; MISTRY, S. K.; WU, G.; MORRIS, S. M. Arginase I: a limiting factor for nitric oxide and polyamine synthesis by activated macrophages? American Journal of Physiology, v. 279, n. 6, p. 2237-2242, 2000.

[14] LE FLOC'H, N.; MELCHIOR, D.; OBLED, C. Modification of protein and amino acid metabolism during inflammation and immune system activation. Livestock Production Science, v. 87, n. 1-2, p. 37-45, 2004.

[15] NISHIZAWA, M.; PAULILLO, A. C.; BERNARDINO, A.; ALESSI, A. C.; SAYD, S.; OKADA, L. S. N.; DORETTO JUNIOR, L. Evaluation of anatomopathological, serological, immunological responses and protection in broilers vaccinated with live infectious bursal disease vaccines. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, v. 74, n. 3, p. 219-226, 2007.

[16] ROSTAGNO, H. S.; ALBINO, L. F. T.; DONZELE, J. L.; GOMES, P. C.; FERREIRA, A. S.; OLIVEIRA, R. F.; LOPES, D. C.; FERREIRA, A. S.; BARRETO, S. L. T. Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos Composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais. 2. ed. Viçosa: UFV, 2005.

[17] SAEG-Sistema de Análises Estatísticas e Genéticas. Versão 8.0 Viçosa: UFV, 1999. (Manual do usuário, p. 138).

[18] SAPATS, S. I.; TRINIDAD, L.; GOULD, G.; HEINE, H. G.; BERG, T. P. Van den; ETERRADOSSI, N.; JACKWOOD, D.; PAREDE, L.; TOQUIN, D.; IGNJATOVIC, J. Chicken recombinant antibodies specific for very virulent infectious bursal disease vírus. Archives of Virology, v. 151, n. 8, p. 1551-1566, 2006.

[19] TAYADE, C.; JAISWAL, T. N.; MISHRA, S. C.; MADHURI, K. L-Arginine stimulates immune response in chickens immunized with intermediate plus strain of infectious bursal disease vaccine. Vaccine, v. 24, p. 552-560, 2006.

[20] WIESINGER, H. Arginine metabolism and the synthesis of nitric oxide in the nervous system. Progress in Neurobiology, v. 64, n. 4, p. 365-391, 2001.

[21] WU, G.; MORRIS JR., S. M. Arginine metabolism: nitric oxide and beyond. Biochemical Journal, v. 336, p. 1-17, 1998.