BRAZILIAN FORESTRY LEGISLATION AND TO COMBAT DEFORESTATION GOVERNMENT POLICIES IN THE AMAZON (BRAZILIAN AMAZON)

CASTELO, THIAGO BANDEIRA

doi:10.1590/1809-4422ASOC1216V1842015

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Articles • Ambient. soc. 18 (4) • Oct-Dec 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422ASOC1216V1842015 copy

BRAZILIAN FORESTRY LEGISLATION AND TO COMBAT DEFORESTATION GOVERNMENT POLICIES IN THE AMAZON (BRAZILIAN AMAZON)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The present study aimed to verify the effect of government programs aimed at combating deforestation in the Amazon and possible damage to the reform of the forestry code may result in the Amazon biome. The data used in this study were: Amazon deforestation by INPE data (2001-2010) and different land uses by the IBGE Agricultural Census. Deforestation rates in the first decade of 2000 showed a drop after the year 2004 in the major states (Mato Grosso, Pará and Rondônia) Brazilian Amazon. Government policies implemented plans that were fundamental to the decline in deforestation in 2004 (PPCDA) and in 2008 (Sustainable Amazon Plan - PAS). These plans could reduce deforestation in the Amazon by more than 25% by 2010 and reform of the forestry code can promote a setback on the gains that the government has achieved in reducing deforestation in the Amazônia.

Key words:
Forest legislation; Deforestation; Forestry Code

Period	Instruments	Types
1934 - 1964	Forest Code (Dec. 2.3793/34) Hunting and Fishing Code (Dec. 2.3793/34)	Protective forest; Remaining forest; Yield forest; Forest Parks Model Creation and Refuge animals
1965 - 1999
New Forest Code (Law 4.771/65)	National Park; National Forest; Permanent preservation area; Legal Reserve
Animal protection law (Law 5,197/67)	Biological Reserve; Federal hunting park
Ma B program, 1970 (Decree 74,685/74 and Decree Pres. 9/21/99)	Areas of international recognition
Convention on wetlands, 1971 (Enacted by Decree 1,905/96)	Areas of international recognition
Conv. Patrimônio Mundial, 1972 (Promulgada pelo Dec. 80.978/77)	Areas of international recognition
The Indian statute (Law 6,001 of 12/19/73)	Indigenous Lands
Law of creation of the ecological stations (6,902 Law/81)	Ecological Station
Law of Creation of the environmental protection areas (6,902 Law/81)	Environmental protection area
Decree on the Establishment of ecological reserves (Dec. 89336/84	Ecological Reserve
Law of Creation of the ARIEs (89,336/84)	Relevant ecological interest area
Law of Creation of RPPNs (1,922/96)	Private reserve of Natural patrimony
2000 forwards
New Forest Code (Law 4,771/1965)	Permanent Preservation Area
Legal Reserve
National System of Conservation Units (Law 9985/2000)	Integral protection units (PI) and Sustainable Use units (US)
Ma B program, 1970 (Decree 74,685/74 and Decree Pres. 9/21/99)	Areas of international recognition
Convention on Wetlands, 1971 (enacted by Dec. 1,905/96)	Areas of international recognition
Convert world heritage, 1972 (promulgated by Decree 8,0978/1977)	Areas of international recognition
The Indian statute (Law 6,001de 12/19/1973)	Indigenous Lands

STATES	Actions
PARÁ	Meetings in 11 municipalities, involving Civil Defense, Fire Department, Fetagri and Ibama aiming action plan in 2002. Participation in environmental Puxirim Santarém - training of rural leaders with multipliers preventing and fighting forest fires.
AMAPÁ	Awareness-raising meeting with various partners aiming at the creation of State Council for combating forest fires.
RORAIMA	Meeting were held and domiciliary visit the community of Trairão, aiming at creating community brigades and meeting on the 7th jungle infantry battalion, aiming to settle the 2002 activities program. 30 multipliers were trained to fight fires in the Amazon rainforest.
TOCANTINS	Meeting of Incra, settlements in the region of applause, aiming to bring farmers alternative technologies for the reduction of burned. Visits were made to City Hall, workers ' associations and of INCRA, settlements in the North of the State, to divulge the work of Proarco and strengthening of bodies of firefighters.
RONDÔNIA	Held five meetings to strengthen State Civil Defense Committee and made contact with partners, such as Civil Defense, CBM, city halls, State environmental agencies and IBAMA, for revitalization of the brigades and strengthening of bodies of firefighters.
MARANHÃO	Proarco's actions were expanded with the deployment of desktop supervision and made visits to settlements of Incra, in the region of Empress and Açailândia.

Actions	Main activities performed	Total number of activities
Land and territorial planning
Regional planning of the arc of deforestation and BR 163; Agrarian regularization; Demarcation and approval of indigenous lands; Implementation of the land reform Policy for the Brazilian Amazon; Completion of the establishment of sustainable use conservation units; Development of models of land use; Implementation of integrated environmental management projects.	35	244.306.172
Monitoring and control
Improvement of monitoring systems of deforestation; Intensification of environmental crimes and other illicit; 19 institution operational bases; Integrated environmental monitoring operations, labor, land, tax and bus station; Implementation of shared environmental licensing system in rural Properties.	60	82.707.486
Promoting sustainable activities
Improvement of financing and credit instruments that use public funds, p/promote sustainable productive activities and discourage illegal deforestation; Development and implementation of training program, training and dissemination of information on Sustainable forest management; Implementation of the national forest management support-Cenaflor; Deployment and consolidation of Poles Pioneers Sustainable Family production (Pro-environment); Regulation of the management of public forests; Support for the sustainable development of the steel production chain; Promote the intensification of agroeconômico use of already deforested areas, through pasture recovery, encouraging the production of permanent crops and the universal adoption of use of soil conservation practices.	67	66.994.471

ANPPAS - Revista Ambiente e Sociedade Anppas / Revista Ambiente e Sociedade - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistaambienteesociedade@gmail.com

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[TFN4] Source: Summarized from Medeiros, 2005.