Ozone Pollution and Urban Mobility Scenarios in the São Paulo Megacity

Poluição por Ozônio e Cenários de Mobilidade Urbana na Megacidade de São Paulo

Contaminación por Ozono y escenarios de movilidad urbana en la megaciudad de São Paulo

Abstract

Air pollution is associated to poor urban mobility conditions, as in the megacity of São Paulo. Three scenarios of policies of driving restrictions were simulated using the WRF/Chem model, to assess the impacts on ozone pollution and the consequences for environmental justice: urban toll, sustainable transition, and vehicle free zone. Results show that the urban toll leads to a decrease of 20 µg.m-3 in maximum 8-hour ozone averages and the prevention of six hours of exceedances of the air quality standard. Sustainable transition was the most promising scenario, with a decrease of 50 µg.m-3 and avoiding 22 hours of exceedances. The vehicle free zone did not show any advantages. For the implementation of adequate public transport systems, massive investments are required, in order to achieve better air quality with the greatest environmental justice possible, aiming towards the protection of human health along with a more democratic access to the urban spaces.

Keywords:
Air pollution; environmental management; urban mobility; São Paulo; air quality modeling