MAYNARD, ISABELLA FERREIRA NASCIMENTO; CRUZ, MARCUS AURÉLIO SOARES; GOMES, LAURA JANE

doi:10.1590/1809-4422ASOC0057R1V2022017

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Articles • Ambient. soc. 20 (02) • Apr-Jun 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422ASOC0057R1V2022017 copiar

APPLYING A SUSTAINABILITY INDEX TO THE JAPARATUBA RIVER WATHERSHED IN SERGIPE STATE¹ 1 . Acknowledgments: The Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq - Universal Announcement 2014) for search financing; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level Personnel (Capes) for Masters scholarship and we Acknowledgment the Postgraduate Program in Water Resources (PRORH/UFS).

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumen

Los índices de sostenibilidad son herramientas importantes en la gestión de los recursos de agua. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo calcular un índice de sostenibilidad de la cuenca del río Japaratuba en el Estado de Sergipe, Brasil. La cuenca tiene un área de Japaratuba igual a 1.687,67 km2. El índice de sostenibilidad del Cuenca Hidrográfica (WSI) considera la Presión-Estado- Respuesta hidrológica, ambiental, social y política a través de la organización de ellos la estructura. El WSI calculado para la cuenca en estudio fue de 0,66, lo que indica que la cuenca está en un nivel intermedio en relación con la sostenibilidad. Es de destacar que los indicadores que recibieron las puntuaciones más bajas fueron cuantitativa Hidrológico, relacionado con la baja disponibilidad de agua por habitante y Hidrológico cualitativa, que está relacionada con la recogida y el tratamiento de las aguas residuales en los municipios de la cuenca.

Palabras clave:
Índice; Gestión de recursos hídricos; La calidad del medio ambiente.

PRESSURE
Indicator	Parameter	Level	Score
	∆1- Water availability variation per capita in the period (m3/inhab/year).	∆1< -20%	0.00
		-20% ≤ ∆1 < -10%	0.25
		-10% ≤ ∆1< 0%	0.50
		0 ≤ ∆1< +10%	0.75
		∆1 ≥ +10%	1.00
Hydrological	∆2- WQI variation in the watershed in the period (mean)	∆2 < -10%	0.00
Hydrological		-10% ≤ ∆2 < 0%	0.25
		0 ≤ ∆2 < 10%	0.50
		20% ≥ ∆2 > 10%	0.75
		∆2 >20%	1.00
Environmental	Watershed API in the period.	EPI >20%	0.00
		20% ≥ EPI > 10%	0.25
		10% ≤ EPI <5%	0.50
		5% ≤ EPI <0%	0.75
		EPI ≤0%	1.00
Life	HDI-Income variation per capita in the watershed, in the period.	∆ < -20%	0.00
		-20% ≤ ∆ < -10%	0.25
		-10% ≤ ∆< 0%	0.50
		0 ≤ ∆< +10%	0.75
		∆ ≥ +10%	1.00
Political	HDI-Education variation in the period.	∆ < -20%	0.00
	HDI-Education variation in the period.	-10% ≤ ∆ < -20%	0.25
		-20% ≤ ∆ < 0%	0.50
		0 ≤ ∆ < +10%	0.75
		∆ ≥ +10%	1.00
STATE
Indicator	Parameter	Level	Score
	Water availability per capita in the watershed (Wa) in m³ / inhab / year.	Wa < 1700	0.00
		1700 ≤ Wa < 3400	0.25
		3400 ≤ Wa < 5100	0.50
		5100 ≤ Wa < 6800	0.75
		Wa ≥ 6800	1.00
Hydrological	Current Water Quality Index (WQI).	0 ≤ IQA < 20	0.00
Hydrological		20 ≤ IQA < 37	0.25
		37 ≤ IQA < 52	0.50
		52 ≤ IQA < 80	0.75
		80 ≤ IQA ≤ 100	1.00
Environmental	Percentage (%) of natural vegetation remaining in the watershed (Av).	Av < 5	0.00
		5 ≤ Av < 10	0.25
		10 ≤ Av < 25	0.50
		25 ≤ Av < 40	0.75
		Av ≥	1.00
Life	Watershed HDI	IDH<0.5	0.00
		0.5 ≤ IDH < 0.6	0.25
		0.6 ≤ IDH < 0.75	0.50
		0.75 ≤ IDH < 0.9	0.75
		IDH ≥ 0.9	1.00
Political	Legal and institutional capacity for the Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) in the watershed.	Very poor	0.00
		Poor	0.25
		Intermediate	0.50
		Good	0.75
		Excellent	1.00
RESPONSE
Indicator	Parameter	Level	Score
	Water use efficiency evolutionin the watershed, in the period.	Very poor	0.00
		Poor	0.25
		Intermediate	0.50
		Good	0.75
		Excellent	1.00
Hydrological	Sewage treatment and disposal evolution in the watershed, in the period.	Very poor	0.00
Hydrological		Poor	0.25
		Intermediate	0.50
		Good	0.75
		Excellent	1.00
Environmental	Evolution in the watershed protected areas (Reserves and Good Management Practices), in the period.	∆ < -10%	0.00
		-10% ≤ ∆ < 0%	0.25
		0% ≤ ∆ < 10%	0.50
		10% ≤ ∆< 20%	0.75
		∆ ≥ 20%	1.00
Life	Watershed HDI variation in the period.	∆ < -10%	0.00
		-10% ≤ ∆ < 0%	0.25
		0% ≤ ∆ < 10%	0.50
		10 ≤ ∆ < 20%	0.75
		∆ ≥ 20%	1.00
Political	Evolution in the expenditures on Integrated Water Resource Management in the watershed, in the period.	∆ < -10%	0.00
		-10% ≤ ∆ < 0%	0.25
		0% ≤ ∆ < 10%	0.50
		10 ≤ ∆ < 20%	0.75
		∆ ≥ 20%	1.00

INDICATORS		PRESSURE		STATE		RESPONSE		SUBTOTAL
INDICATORS		Level	Score	Level	Score	Level	Score	SUBTOTAL
Hydrological	Quant.	- 0.07%	0.50	2.643	0.25	Very poor	0.00	0.25	0.33
Hydrological	Qualit.	8.11%	0.50	63.25	0.75	Very poor	0.00	0.41	0.33
Environmental		-3.6%	1.00	11.03	0.50	5.85%	0.50	0.66
Life		17%	1.00	0.613	0.50	37%	1.00	0.83
Political		67%	1.00	Intermediate	0.50	97%	1.00	0.83
TOTAL							0,66

ANPPAS - Revista Ambiente e Sociedade Anppas / Revista Ambiente e Sociedade - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistaambienteesociedade@gmail.com

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[TFN1] Source: Adapted from Chaves & Alipaz (2007CHAVES, H.M.L.; ALIPAZ, S.; An Integrated Indicator for Basin Hydrology, Envi-ronment, Live, and Policy: The Watershed Sustainability Index. Water Resources Management. v. 21, n. 5, p 883-895. 2007.) and translated by the authors of the current study.

[TFN2] * The original methodology by Chaves & Alipaz (2007CHAVES, H.M.L.; ALIPAZ, S.; An Integrated Indicator for Basin Hydrology, Envi-ronment, Live, and Policy: The Watershed Sustainability Index. Water Resources Management. v. 21, n. 5, p 883-895. 2007.) used a Biochemical Oxygen Demand, whereas the present study used the Water Quality Index - WQI.

[TFN3] ** The original methodology by Chaves & Alipaz (2007CHAVES, H.M.L.; ALIPAZ, S.; An Integrated Indicator for Basin Hydrology, Envi-ronment, Live, and Policy: The Watershed Sustainability Index. Water Resources Management. v. 21, n. 5, p 883-895. 2007.) used the GDP variation per capita, whereas the present study has made the option for adapting the methodology by Chaves (2009), who used HDI-Income.

	Pressure	State	Response
Indicators	Parameters
Hydrologycal	Water availability variation per capita in the watershed in 2005-2010	Water availability per capita in the watershed (2010)	Water use efficiency evolution (2005-2010).




			Sewage treatment evolution (2005-2010).
	Water Quality Index (WQI)* variation in the watershed in 2005-2010	Annual water quality average in the watershed (2010)



Environmental	Anthropogenic Pressure Index (API) in the watershed during the studied period (2005-2010)	% of watershed area holding natural vegetation (2010)	Evolution of conservation areas in the watershed (Protected Areas and Good Management Practices - GMPs) 2005-2010.
Life	Human-Income Development Index ** variation per capita in the watershed (2005-2010).	Human Development Index in the watershed (2010)	HDI evolution in the watershed (2005-2010).
Political	Human-Education Development Index variation in the watershed (2005-2010)	Institutional and legal capacity for the Integrated Water Resource Management in the watershed.	Evolution in the expenditures on Integrated Water Resource Management in the watershed (2005-2010).