SOCIETY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: Animal rights in sustainability discourse

Nista, Natália Anseloni; Jannuzzi, Celeste Aída Sirotheau Corrêa; Falsarella, Orandi Mina; Benedicto, Samuel Carvalho De

doi:10.1590/1809-4422asoc20180278r2vu2020L4AO

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Original Article • Ambient. soc. 23 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc20180278r2vu2020L4AO copy

SOCIETY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: Animal rights in sustainability discourse

SOCIEDAD Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE: EL DERECHO DE LOS ANIMALES EN EL DISCURSO DE LA SOSTENIBILIDAD

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this research is to verify the approach to the issue of animals and their rights adopted in events on sustainable development with global repercussions promoted by the United Nations Organization, in order to characterize the perspective and comprehensiveness of animal rights awareness. It expounds on lines of philosophical thinking regarding animals and their rights and how they are inserted in the discussion of sustainable development and sustainability. It is a qualitative research of an exploratory nature and its development is defined by a survey of United Nations documents. The results show a chronological sequence of initial concern with animal habitat, subsequently increased by the concern with animals in extinction and, more recently, the broadening of the perspective towards animals in general and in different contexts, ergo a more conscious approach to animal rights.

Keywords:
Animal rights; Sustainable development; Social and environmental plans and programs; Awareness of society

LINE	AUTHORS	WORKS	IDEAS
ABOLITIONIST	Humphry Primatt	A dissertation on the duty of mercy and the sin of cruelty to brute animals	• Be merciful to animals; • Consider animals as having moral value; • Animals feel pain.
	Henry Salt	The animal rights	• Like the animals, the human being is part of the Animal Kingdom; • Consider the individuality of each species to generate pleasure; • Animals feel pain and happiness
	Richard Ryder	Speciesism, painism and happiness: a morality for the twenty-first century	• Against speciesism; • Against utilitarianism; • Animals experience pain.
	Tom Regan	Empty Cages	• Against speciesism; • Consider all living beings equal in regard to their capacity to feel pain and pleasure; • Animals are sentient; • Making use of animals should be abolished.
	Gary Francione	Animal rights: the abolitionist approach	• Animals have an interest in not dying and not suffering; • Against speciesism; • Animals should be morally recognized; • Against utilitarianism; • Animals are sentient; • Consider all living beings to be equal in regard to their capacity to feel pain and pleasure.
WELFARIST	Peter Singer	Animal Liberation	• Against speciesism; • Consider all living beings to be equal in regard to their capacity to feel pain and pleasure; • Animals are sentient; • In in favor of utilitarianism.

Event/Date and Venue DOCUMENT	Themes addressed related to Animal Rights
The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm/Sweden, 1972) Document: Environmental Manifest	• Harm that human beings cause to other living beings; • Safeguarding wildlife for future generations; • Human beings’ duty to preserve and administer the wildlife heritage and its habitats; • Inclusion of wildlife conservation in economic development plans.
The United Nations Conference on the Environment and Development - Earth Summit - Rio 92 / ECO 92 (Rio de Janeiro/Brazil, 1992) Document: Agenda 21	• The need to look after the animals; • Research on the relationship of the fauna with environment to foster the preservation of both.
United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (Rio de Janeiro/Brazil, 1992) Document: -	• Animals in extinction; • The way humans treat other species; • Caring for other living beings that inhabit the Earth; • Protection for the fauna.
Millennium Summit (New York/USA, 2000) Document: Millennium Development Goals (MDG)	• Reducing marine and terrestrial biodiversity destruction.
Presentation - Earth to Paris (Paris/France, March 2000)/Official public launch at the Peace Palace (The Hague/Netherlands, June 2000) Document: Earth Charter	• Treating all living beings with respect and consideration; • Protecting wildlife from poaching and trapping; • Impeding forms of fishing that cause extreme, prolonged or avoidable suffering; • Avoiding or eliminating the capture and destruction of species.
Mauritius Strategy (Mauritius, 2005) Document: Mauritius Strategy	• Constructing a community capable of conserving the species and their habitats; • Illegal fishing and fisheries management; • Coastal and marine resources for the conservation of trans-seasonal and migratory fish species.
UN Conference on Sustainable Development - Rio+20 (Rio de Janeiro/Brazil, 2012) Document: The Future we Want	• Importance of a convention on illegal international trading in wild fauna and flora species threatened with extinction.
United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (New York/USA, 2015) Document: Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development	• Preserving marine and terrestrial animals and promoting fauna protection; • Illegal fishing and the replenishment of fishery stocks; • Animals in extinction, urgent measures against illegal hunting, protected fauna trafficking and trading in illegal wildlife products; • Reducing natural habitat degradation to curb biodiversity loss; • Maintenance of genetic diversity in regard to farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild species.

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[1] Natália Anseloni Nista ✉ natynista@hotmail.com