RURAL DEVELOPMENT INTHE BRAZILIAN AMAZON: LEVELS AND DISTRIBUTION IN THE 2000-2010 DECADE

LOBÃO, MÁRIO SÉRGIO PEDROZA; STADUTO, JEFFERSON ANDRONIO RAMUNDO

doi:10.1590/1809-4422asoc20180119r2vu2020L1AO

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Original Article • Ambient. soc. 23 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc20180119r2vu2020L1AO copy

RURAL DEVELOPMENT INTHE BRAZILIAN AMAZON: LEVELS AND DISTRIBUTION IN THE 2000-2010 DECADE¹ 1 . The authors wish to thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for its financial support.

DESARROLLO RURAL EN LA AMAZÓNIA BRASILERA: NIVELES Y DISTRIBUCIÓN REGIONAL EN LA DÉCADA 2000

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This paper analyzes the rural development of Brazilian Amazon municipalities in the decade 2000-2010 based on an analysis of the Rural Development Indexes (RDI) calculated for 449 municipalities. The index calculation takes into account demographic, social/welfare, environmental and economic dimensions. The results showed that only 47.88% of the municipalities had rural development levels superior to the regional average. The study identified a high degree of heterogeneity in the intraregional distribution of rural development whereby municipalities with high levels coexisted with others with very low levels. The distribution of rural development showed a clear pattern of a duality: the eastern and southern portions of the Brazilian Amazon in the states of Rondônia, Pará and Tocantins had the best levels of development and the western and northern portions in the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas and Roraima had the worst levels.

Keywords:
Rural Development; Amazon; Northern Region of Brazil

	Mean	Maximum	Minimum	Standard Deviation	Variance	Coefficient of Variation (%)
AC	0.300	0.588	0.096	0.128	0.016	42.73
AP	0.315	0.544	0.094	0.129	0.017	40.93
AM	0.279	0.721	0.030	0.145	0.021	51.90
PA	0.430	1.000	0.099	0.145	0.021	33.74
RO	0.586	0.814	0.110	0.132	0.017	22.54
RR	0.332	0.535	0.089	0.128	0.016	38.65
TO	0.374	0.797	0.000	0.144	0.021	38.46
REGION	0.396	1.000	0.000	0.165	0.027	41.76

	VH	(%) VH	H	(%) H	R	(%) R	L	(%) L	VL	(%) VL	Mun.
AC	0	0.00	1	4.55	3	13.64	11	50.00	7	31.82	22
AP	0	0.00	0	0.00	3	18.75	9	56.25	4	25.00	16
AM	0	0.00	4	6.45	5	8.06	24	38.71	29	46.77	62
PA	4	2.80	20	13.99	56	39.16	55	38.46	8	5.59	143
RO	8	15.38	23	44.23	19	36.54	1	1.92	1	1.92	52
RR	0	0.00	0	0.00	4	26.67	6	40.00	5	33.33	15
TO	1	0.72	13	9.35	50	35.97	56	40.29	19	13.67	139
REGION	13	2.90	61	13.59	140	31.18	162	36.08	73	16.26	449

ANPPAS - Revista Ambiente e Sociedade Anppas / Revista Ambiente e Sociedade - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistaambienteesociedade@gmail.com

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[TFN1] Source: Kageyama (2008_______. Desenvolvimento rural: conceitos e aplicação ao caso brasileiro. Porto Alegre: Editora da UFRGS: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Rural, 2008., p.76).

	Variable	Description	Source	Yr.	Dimension
X1	Rural population	Rural population/total municipal population	IBGE	2010	Demo- graphic
X2	Rural demographic density	Number of rural inhabitants/ total area of the municipality
X3	Rural longevity age 60 +	% of the rural population aged over 60
X4	Rural electricity supply	Permanent private rural households with access to electricity/total number of permanent private rural households	IBGE	2010	Social and Well-being
X5	Rural water supply and sanitation	% of permanent private rural households with inadequate water supply and sanitation
X6	Rural sanitation	Nº of permanent private rural households with toilets/ total Nº of permanent private rural households
X7	Rural water supply	Nº of permanent private rural households with piped water supply from general distribution network / total Nº of permanent private rural households
X8	Occupation in the agricultural sector	Individuals aged 10 or over working in agriculture, livestock farming, fishing, forest production, aquiculture, or extractive activities/total Nª of individuals aged 10 or over working
X9	Racial diversity	Nº of white residents in the rural zone /total Nº of residents in the rural zone
X10	Rural literacy	Nº of literate individuals aged 10 or over living in rural households /total municipal population aged 10 or over.
X11	Rural labor force	Rural population of age for the labor force/ total rural population of the municipality
X12	Rural child labor	Rural residents in the 10 to 13 age group working /total number of municipal residents in the 10 to 13 age group working
X13	Rural school attendance	Persons from the rural zone in the 10 to 17 age group not attending school /total number of persons in the 10 to 17 age group in the municipality not attending school
X14	Rural waste collection	Permanent private rural households with waste collection service/total number of permanent private rural households	IBGE	2010	Environ- mental
X15	Burning off practices	Crop and livestock farming establishments that practice burning off/ crop and livestock farming establishments in the municipality	Crop and livestock farming Census	2006
X16	Chemical fertilizer use	Crop and livestock farming establishments that use chemical fertilizers/ crop and livestock farming establishments in the municipality
X17	Agricultural Pesticide use	Crop and livestock farming establishments using agricultural pesticides/ crop and livestock farming establishments in the municipality
X18	Perm. Pres. and Legal Reserve area (km²)	Area of permanent preservation and legal reserve /total area of crop and livestock farming establishments in the municipality
X19	Crop and livestock farming area	Area occupied by temporary and permanent crops/total area of crop and livestock farming establishments
X20	Water resource protection	Crop and livestock farming establishments with springs, streams, rivers, natural lakes or dam reservoirs protected by natural vegetation /total Nº of crop and livestock farming establishments with such water resources
X21	Area of pastureland	Area occupied by pastures /total area of crop and livestock farming establishments
X22	Per capita income	Average value of nominal monthly rural household income per capita;	IBGE	2010	Economic
X23	Poor rural households	Persons living in permanent private rural households / Total of household incomes of up to ^1/ ₂ official minimum salary per capita	IBGE	2010
X24	Productivity of crop and livestock farm workers	Gross crop and livestock production value/ total number of persons working in agriculture and livestock farming	Censo Agropecuário	2006
X25	Average per capita GDP for crop and livestock production	Gross crop and livestock production value (GPV) /total rural population	IPEA - IBGE	2010
X26	Average production per establishment	Total value of crop and livestock farming establishments’ production/total number of crop and livestock farming establishments in the municipality	Crop and livestock farming Census	2006
X27	Crop and Livestock turnovers	Total turnover/ total number of crop and livestock farming establishments in the municipality
X28	Nº of tractors per establishment	Number of tractors// total number of crop and livestock farming establishments in the municipality
X29	Economic participation of crop and livestock farming	Ratio between gross value of crop and livestock production value and the Municipal GDP	IBGE	2010

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RURAL DEVELOPMENT INTHE BRAZILIAN AMAZON: LEVELS AND DISTRIBUTION IN THE 2000-2010 DECADE1 1 . The authors wish to thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for its financial support.

DESARROLLO RURAL EN LA AMAZÓNIA BRASILERA: NIVELES Y DISTRIBUCIÓN REGIONAL EN LA DÉCADA 2000

Abstract

RURAL DEVELOPMENT INTHE BRAZILIAN AMAZON: LEVELS AND DISTRIBUTION IN THE 2000-2010 DECADE¹ 1 . The authors wish to thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for its financial support.