Our goal is to reflect on the relevance of History and the History of Education in building the feeling and the ideal of freedom. We will string the words that build the text together recovering the medieval documents of the thirteenth century. At stake are two letters on the University of Paris and one on the release of a Commune. We will also return to Thomas Aquinas's texts, as in accordance with the issues of his time debated on the importance of developing the intellect to community life. History shows that freedom is not achieved only through the institutions, because even though the man lives under the aegis of democratic institutions, he will only have freedom when he holds the necessary knowledge to guide his actions in view of his private interests and also according to public interests. Finally, we note that our theoretical walk follows the social history, since we find in it the possibility of joining history, memory and the philosophy to create a knowledge in which the whole of the human being - the material and the mental - is maintained.
History of medieval education; University; Freedom