The application of the scratching technique has the same effect on Pleurotus spp.?

Vieira Junior, Wagner Gonçalves; Alberti, María Melisa; Pardo-Giménez, Arturo; Iossi, Matheus Rodrigo; Dias, Eustáquio Souza; Zied, Diego Cunha

doi:10.1590/1678-4324-2023220736

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Article - Food Science and Technology • Braz. arch. biol. technol. 66 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2023220736 copy

The application of the scratching technique has the same effect on Pleurotus spp.?

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The present work evaluated the agronomic behavior of species and varieties of Pleurotus submitted or not to the scratching technique. The cultivated species/varieties were Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus ostreatus var. Florida, and Pleurotus djamor, where half of the treatments were scratched before the first and second flushes, while the rest were only scratched before the second flush. Yield (%), biological efficiency (%), weight of mushroom (g) and number of mushrooms (uni) were evaluated. It was observed that scratching harmed the mushroom weight for P. ostreatus, where the treatment without scratching produced significantly higher values, in the first harvest flush. On the other hand, scratching favored yield and the number of mushrooms for P. djamor. When the species are compared, it is noted that P. ostreatus obtained a lower yield, which was also reflected in the biological efficiency. P. djamor stood out with a large number of mushrooms, statistically higher than the other species, on the other hand, producing mushrooms of low weight of mushroom. The use of the scratched technique is not recommended for the conditions used in the work, due to the increase in labor and loss of mushroom weight.

Keywords:
oyster mushroom; yield; screening of mushroom quality; mycelium breaking; cultivation technique

HIGHLIGHTS

• The use of the scratching technique was studied in Pleurotus spp.

• The scratching increases the number of Pleurotus djamor mushrooms.

• The use of scratching is selective for different species of Pleurotus.

	Species/varieties
Scratching	P. ostreatus	P. ostreatus var. Florida	P. djamor
Yield (%)
With	6.2 b	8.3 a	6.6 b
Without	6.0	7.4	6.5
CV (%)	18.43
Number of mushroom (u)
With	7.2 b	8.1 b	38.5 a A
Without	5.2 b	6.7 b	23.8 a B
CV (%)	48.89
Weight of mushroom (g)
With	4.55 a B	5.25 a	1.07 b
Without	5.80 a A	5.65 a	1.54 b
CV (%)	20.19
Biological efficiency (%)
With	20.85 b	27.71 a	22.28 b
Without	20.28	24.76	22.26
CV (%)	18.43

	Species/varieties
Scratching	P. ostreatus	P. ostreatus var. Florida	P. djamor
Yield (%)
1^st and 2^nd flush	6.25 c	13.2 a	11.17 b A
2^nd flush	6.08 c	12.8 a	9.54 b B
CV (%)	14.37
Number of mushroom (u)
1^st and 2^nd flush	7.28 c	18.71 b	50.71 a A
2^nd flush	5.28 c	18.57 b	29.71 a B
CV (%)	37.78
Weight of mushroom (g)
1^st and 2^nd flush	4.55 a B	3.61 b	1.24 c
2^nd flush	5.80 a A	3.47 b	1.72 c
CV (%)	19.68
Biological efficiency (%)
1^st and 2^nd flush	20.85 c	44.00 a	37.23 b A
2^nd flush	20.28 c	42.66 a	31.80 b B
CV (%)	14.37

References	Base substrate	Substrate treatment	Biological	Number	Cultivation conditions
			efficiency (%)	of flushes	Temp (°C)	MSTR (%)
Pleurotus ostreatus
This Work	Eucalyptus sawdust	Autoclaving	20.85*	1	21 ± 2	75 ± 5
[²³23 Oliveira AP, Naozuka J. Preliminary results on the feasibility of producing selenium-enriched pink (Pleurotus djamor) and white (Pleurotus ostreatus) oyster mushrooms: Bioaccumulation, bioaccessibility, and Se-proteins distribution. Microchem J. 2019 Mar;145:1143-50.]	Sugarcane bagasse	Autoclaving	21	1	24 ± 1	80
[¹¹11 Yamauchi M, Sakamoto M, Yamada M, Hara H, Taib S.M, Rezania S, et al. Cultivation of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) on fermented moso bamboo sawdust. J King Saud Univ Sci. 2019 Oct;31(4):490-4.]	Bamboo sawdust	Autoclaving	44.09	-	14 ± 1	90 ± 5
[²⁹29 Obodai M, Vowotor KA. Performance of different strains of Pleurotus species under Ghanaian conditions. Afr J Food Sci. 2002; 7(3):98-100.]	T. scleroxylon sawdust	Autoclaving	50.93	6	28 ± 3	90 ± 5
Pleurotus ostreatus var. Florida
This Work	Eucalyptus sawdust	Autoclaving	43.33*	2	21 ± 2	75 ± 5
[³⁰30 Shubhra S, Jaitly AK. Morphological and biochemical characterization of different oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.). J Phytol. 2011 May;3(8):18-20.]	Wheat straw	Chemical disinfection	13	5	25 ± 3	77.5 ± 2.5
[²⁵25 Curvetto NR, Figlas D, Devalis R, Delmastro S. Growth and productivity of different Pleurotus ostreatus strains on sunflower seed hulls supplemented with N-NH4+ and/or Mn (II). Bioresour Technol. 2002 Sept;84(2):171-6.]	B. dictyoneura	Pasteurization	138.7	4	26 ± 5	80 ± 10
[²¹21 Okwulehie IC, Okwuowulu EO, Ezeh CG, Ikechukwu GC. Yield potentials, nutritional and mycochemical properties of fruit-bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus var. florida, grown on Andropogon gayanus straw; supplemented with Anthonotha macrophylla. Int J Mod Biol Res. 2017 Mar;5:24-31.]	Andropogon straw	Pasteurization	12.3	3	-	-
Pleurotus djamor
This Work	Eucalyptus sawdust	Autoclaving	37.23*	2	21 ± 2	75 ± 5
[²³23 Oliveira AP, Naozuka J. Preliminary results on the feasibility of producing selenium-enriched pink (Pleurotus djamor) and white (Pleurotus ostreatus) oyster mushrooms: Bioaccumulation, bioaccessibility, and Se-proteins distribution. Microchem J. 2019 Mar;145:1143-50.]	Sugarcane bagasse	Autoclaving	26	1	24 ± 1	80
[²⁴24 Atila F. Evaluation of suitability of various agro-wastes for productivity of Pleurotus djamor, Pleurotus citrinopileatus and Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms. J Exp Agric Int. 2017 Sept;11(5):1-11.]	Stem of Phaseolus	Autoclaving	78.2	3	17 ± 1	85
[³¹31 Hasan MT, Khatun MHA, Sajib MAM, Rahman M, Rahman MS, Roy M, et al. Effect of wheat bran supplement with sugarcane bagasse on growth, yield and proximate composition of Pink Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus djamor). Am J Food Technol. 2015 Jul;3:150-7.]	Sugarcane bagasse	Autoclaving	50.59	5	25 ± 3	77.5 ± 2.5

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