Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of a fluoride-modified titanium surface on osseointegration in rats with induced diabetes. One hundred and eighty rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups with 60 animals each: Control group (C): Animals without diabetes; Diabetes Group (D): Animals with uncontrolled induced diabetes; Controlled Diabetes Group (CD): Animals with diabetes induced controlled by the insulin administration. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection. Each animal received 2 implants in the proximal tibial metaphysis, one with the machined surface (M) and the other one with a fluoride-modified titanium surface (F), after 4 weeks of induction of diabetes. The animals were submitted to euthanasia 2, 4, and 6 weeks after the implant placement (n = 20 animals/group). The osseointegration was evaluated by the implant removal torque test and the histometric analysis of the non-decalcified histological sections: 1) Contact bone/implant (%BIC); 2) Bone tissue area between implant threads (%BBT). Implants with F surface showed a higher removal torque than implants with surface M in all groups. There was no difference in %BIC between the groups regardless of the surface used. The F surface showed a tendency to present higher %BBT values for the 3 evaluation periods in the D group. The fluoride-modified implant surface has no impact on the %BIC and %BBT. However, the fluoride-modified implant surface increases the locking of the implants with the bone. The hyperglycemia was associated with lower removal torque values despite the surfaces of the implant used.
Key Words:
Diabetes Mellitus; implant surfaces; osseointegration
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Regarding the glycemic control in the CD group, these animals were treated twice daily (8:00 and 18:00 hours) with 2.5 U to 3 U of NPH Insulin (Humulin NPH U-100 - Lilly) shortly after the confirmation of the hyperglycemic state, which continued throughout the experimental period. The insulin was administered subcutaneously in 0.3 ml. The animals in Groups C and D received daily injections of 0.9% sodium chloride with the same volume received by the CD group. The time interval and route of administration were also equal to those of the insulin applied in the DC Group, throughout the experimental period. To guarantee the glycemic condition in each group, animals with glycemic levels lower than 180 mg/dl were kept in the CD group, while glycemic levels higher than 300 mg/dl were used to keep the animals in the D group.
