Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Anelídeos poliquetas do nordeste do Brasil: I - poliquetas bentônicos da costa de Alagoas e Sergipe

Resumos

Num trabalho anterior (NONATO & LUNA, 1969) discutimos as espécies de poliquetas de escama que fazem parte de uma coleção proveniente de dragagens executadas pelo Laboratório de Ciências do Mar da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, no Nordeste do Brasil. No atual, são tratadas as espécies desprovidas de escamas, em número de 71. Informações sobre a área amostrada estão contidas nos trabalhos de CAVALCANTI & colab. e de MABESOONE & TINOCO, 1967. Espécies pequenas e delicadas que constituem parte ponderável das populações bentônicas foram muito raras nesta área. Isto pode ser devido a condições eventualmente adversas ou, muito mais provavelmente, é conseqüência de sua destruição durante a coleta e triagem. Os fundos duros predominantes, com superfície irregular e constituídos em grande parte por blocos ou cascalho de algas calcárias e corais, tornam particularmente árdua a amostragem biológica. Nessas condições é difícil preservar a integridade de seres de corpo delicado como os poliquetas, da ação trituradora, dentro dos aparelhos de coleta. Devemos ter em conta essa circunstância ao avaliar a densidade aparente da fauna. Os poliquetas não devem ser tão pouco freqüentes como indica o resultado da prospecção atual. Acreditamos que o uso de melhores técnicas permitirá apreciar a sua verdadeira densidade e conhecer melhor sua distribuição. A pesca noturna, com luz submersa, por exemplo, poderá ser um excelente método para atrair espécies do substrato ou de habitats de outra forma inaccessíveis. Das 71 espécies, apenas uma foi considerada como nova para a ciência. Scoloplis agrestis sp. nov. assemelha-se a S. robustus Rullier e a S. madagascarensis Fauvel, diferindo de ambas pelo número de setígeros torácicos e pelo número reduzido de cerdas aciculares dos neuropódios torácicos. Os Eunicea são o grupo melhor representado, com 26 espécies, das quais a mais comum é Eunice longicirrata Webster (108 exemplares em 19 estações). Diopatra spiribranchis Augener e Hypsicomus elegans Webster são consideradas boas espécies. Somente dois Flabelligerideos foram capturados em toda a área; um deles é um espécimem bem conservado de Pherusa scutigera (Ehlers) e o outro um Piromis sp. A maior parte das espécies desta coleção é constituída por formas semelhantes às encontradas na região das Antilhas, como, aliás, seria de se esperar. Porém, algumas aproximam-se de espécies do Pacífico e do Indico, como é o caso de Glycera longipinnis Grube, Onuphis litoralis Monro e Vermiliopsis acanthophora Augener, cujas características concordam perfeitamente com as descrições a que tivemos acesso.


This is the second report dealing with the oenthic Polychaeta collected on the continental shelf of the north-eastern Brazil (approximately between 9.º and 11.º of latitude south), by the Laboratorio de Ciencias do Mar (formerly Institute Oceanográfico) of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. In the first one we discussed only the scale-bearing species tNonato & Luna. 1969). Data concerning the area sampled by the Laboratorio de Ciencias do Mar can be found in the papers of Cavalcanti et al. and Mauksoonk & Tinoco, 1967. The present paper is about the scale-free species, in number of 71. Almost all the smaller species we can expect to find in similar areas, seem to be absent here. This may be due to their actual rarity or, most probably, to their destruction during sampling and sorting. The hard bottom prevailing in the area, which has a very rough surface, shaped by blocks and pebbles of calcareous algae and corals make the biological sampling a hard enterprise. It is particularly difficult to preserve the integrity of soft-bodied animals, such as the polychaetes, against the grinding action of the material inside the sampling devices. We must remember this exceptional condition when judging the apparent scarceness of the polychaetes. If the worm fauna of that region seems, at the first approach, very poor, in reality it may be not. In consequence we hope the use of improved methods of sampling will give far better results. The night fishing, with a submerged light, for example, may be a choice method to attract many species from the ground or from the otherwise unaccessible hide-outs. From the 71 species, only one has been considered as new for the science. Scoloplos agrestis sp. nov, approaches S. robustus Rullier and S. madiiguscarensis Fauvel, but differ from them by the number cf the thoracic sctigers (only 15) and by the number of accicular setae of the thoracic neuropodia (only 5 or 6). The Eunicea is the best represented group, with 26 species; the commonest being Eunice longicirrttia Webster (108 specimens, in 19 stations). Diopatra spiribmnchis Augener and also Hypsieomus elegans Webster are considered as good species. Only two flabelligerids were caught in the whole area; one of them is a well preserved specimen of Pherusa scutigera (Fhlersi and the other a damaged specimen of Piromis sp. The greatest part of the present species is believed to be similar to I hose-found in the Caribbean area, as we should expect. But a few show a great similarity with Pacific and Indian species. Some of them, as Glycera longipinnis Grube, Onuphis litorttlis Monro and Vermiliopsis acanthophora Augener, agree closely with the available descriptions.


Anelídeos poliquetas do nordeste do Brasil: I - poliquetas bentônicos da costa de Alagoas e Sergipe

Edmundo F. NonatoI; José Audísio C. LunaII

IInstituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo

IILaboratório de Ciências do Mar da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

RESUMO

Num trabalho anterior (NONATO & LUNA, 1969) discutimos as espécies de poliquetas de escama que fazem parte de uma coleção proveniente de dragagens executadas pelo Laboratório de Ciências do Mar da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, no Nordeste do Brasil.

No atual, são tratadas as espécies desprovidas de escamas, em número de 71.

Informações sobre a área amostrada estão contidas nos trabalhos de CAVALCANTI & colab. e de MABESOONE & TINOCO, 1967.

Espécies pequenas e delicadas que constituem parte ponderável das populações bentônicas foram muito raras nesta área. Isto pode ser devido a condições eventualmente adversas ou, muito mais provavelmente, é conseqüência de sua destruição durante a coleta e triagem.

Os fundos duros predominantes, com superfície irregular e constituídos em grande parte por blocos ou cascalho de algas calcárias e corais, tornam particularmente árdua a amostragem biológica. Nessas condições é difícil preservar a integridade de seres de corpo delicado como os poliquetas, da ação trituradora, dentro dos aparelhos de coleta.

Devemos ter em conta essa circunstância ao avaliar a densidade aparente da fauna. Os poliquetas não devem ser tão pouco freqüentes como indica o resultado da prospecção atual.

Acreditamos que o uso de melhores técnicas permitirá apreciar a sua verdadeira densidade e conhecer melhor sua distribuição. A pesca noturna, com luz submersa, por exemplo, poderá ser um excelente método para atrair espécies do substrato ou de habitats de outra forma inaccessíveis.

Das 71 espécies, apenas uma foi considerada como nova para a ciência. Scoloplis agrestis sp. nov. assemelha-se a S. robustus Rullier e a S. madagascarensis Fauvel, diferindo de ambas pelo número de setígeros torácicos e pelo número reduzido de cerdas aciculares dos neuropódios torácicos.

Os Eunicea são o grupo melhor representado, com 26 espécies, das quais a mais comum é Eunice longicirrata Webster (108 exemplares em 19 estações). Diopatra spiribranchis Augener e Hypsicomus elegans Webster são consideradas boas espécies.

Somente dois Flabelligerideos foram capturados em toda a área; um deles é um espécimem bem conservado de Pherusa scutigera (Ehlers) e o outro um Piromis sp.

A maior parte das espécies desta coleção é constituída por formas semelhantes às encontradas na região das Antilhas, como, aliás, seria de se esperar. Porém, algumas aproximam-se de espécies do Pacífico e do Indico, como é o caso de Glycera longipinnis Grube, Onuphis litoralis Monro e Vermiliopsis acanthophora Augener, cujas características concordam perfeitamente com as descrições a que tivemos acesso.

SYNOPSIS

This is the second report dealing with the oenthic Polychaeta collected on the continental shelf of the north-eastern Brazil (approximately between 9.º and 11.º of latitude south), by the Laboratorio de Ciencias do Mar (formerly Institute Oceanográfico) of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco.

In the first one we discussed only the scale-bearing species tNonato & Luna. 1969).

Data concerning the area sampled by the Laboratorio de Ciencias do Mar can be found in the papers of Cavalcanti et al. and Mauksoonk & Tinoco, 1967.

The present paper is about the scale-free species, in number of 71.

Almost all the smaller species we can expect to find in similar areas, seem to be absent here. This may be due to their actual rarity or, most probably, to their destruction during sampling and sorting.

The hard bottom prevailing in the area, which has a very rough surface, shaped by blocks and pebbles of calcareous algae and corals make the biological sampling a hard enterprise. It is particularly difficult to preserve the integrity of soft-bodied animals, such as the polychaetes, against the grinding action of the material inside the sampling devices.

We must remember this exceptional condition when judging the apparent scarceness of the polychaetes. If the worm fauna of that region seems, at the first approach, very poor, in reality it may be not.

In consequence we hope the use of improved methods of sampling will give far better results. The night fishing, with a submerged light, for example, may be a choice method to attract many species from the ground or from the otherwise unaccessible hide-outs.

From the 71 species, only one has been considered as new for the science. Scoloplos agrestis sp. nov, approaches S. robustus Rullier and S. madiiguscarensis Fauvel, but differ from them by the number cf the thoracic sctigers (only 15) and by the number of accicular setae of the thoracic neuropodia (only 5 or 6).

The Eunicea is the best represented group, with 26 species; the commonest being Eunice longicirrttia Webster (108 specimens, in 19 stations).

Diopatra spiribmnchis Augener and also Hypsieomus elegans Webster are considered as good species.

Only two flabelligerids were caught in the whole area; one of them is a well preserved specimen of Pherusa scutigera (Fhlersi and the other a damaged specimen of Piromis sp.

The greatest part of the present species is believed to be similar to I hose-found in the Caribbean area, as we should expect. But a few show a great similarity with Pacific and Indian species. Some of them, as Glycera longipinnis Grube, Onuphis litorttlis Monro and Vermiliopsis acanthophora Augener, agree closely with the available descriptions.

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NONATO, E. & LUNA, A. 1969. Sôbre alguns poliquetas de escama do nordeste do Brasil. Bolm Inst, oceanogr. S Paulo, vol. 18, p. 63-91.

PETTIBONE, M. H. 1948. Two new species of polychaete worms of the family Polynoidae from Puget Sound and San Juan Archipelago. J. Wash. Acad. Sci., vol. 38, p. 412-414, 2 figs.

______. 1953. Some scale-bearing polychaetes of Puget Sound and adjacent waters. Seattle, 89 p. 40 ests. (Mimeo. )

______. 1963. Marine polychaete worms of the New England region. I. Aphroditidae through Trochochaetidae. Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., n.º 227 (1), p. 1-356, fig. 1-83.

______. 1966. Revision of the Pilargidae (Annelida: Polychaeta), including descriptions of the pelagic Podarmusploa Chamberlin. Proc. U.S. natn. Mus., vol. 118, p. 155-208, 26 figs.

______. 1967. Type-specimens of polychaetes described by Edith and Cyril Berkeley (1923-1964). Proc. U.S. natn. Mus., n.º 3553, vol. 119, p. 1-23.

______. 1969. Revision of the aphroditoid polychaetes of the family Eulepethidae Chamberlin (Eulepidinae Darboux; = Pareulepidae Hartman). Smithson. Contr. Zool., n.º 41. p. 1-44, fig. 1-31.

PRUVOT, G. 1930. Annélides polychètes de Nouvelle-Calédonie recuillies par M. François. Archs Zool. exp. gén., vol. 70, p. 1-94, 8 figs., 3 ests.

RENAUD, J. C. 1956. A report on some polychaetous annelids from the Miami-Bimini area. Am. Mus. Novit., n.º 1812, p. 1-40, fig. 1-21.

RIOJA, E. 1941. Estudios anelidológicos. II. Observaciones acerca de varias especies del genero Hydroides Gunnerus (sensu Fauvel) de las costas mexicanas del Pacifico. An. Inst. Biol. Univ. Méx., vol. 12, p. 161-175, 4 ests.

______. 1944. Estudios anelidológicos. X. Estudio de algunos poliquetos del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. An. Inst. Biol. Univ. Méx., vol. 15, p. 115-138, 62 figs.

RULLIER, F. 1964. Résultats scientifiques des campagnes de la "Calypso". Iles du Cap Vert. Annélides polychètes. Annls Inst. océanogr. Monaco, vol. 41, fasc. 6, p. 113-218.

______. 1964a. Contribution à la faune des annélides polychètes du Cameroun. Bull. Inst. fr. Afr. noire, vol. 26, p. 1071-1102, figs. 1-4.

______. 1965. Contribution à la faune des annélides polychètes du Dahomey et du Congo. Cah. ORSTOM - Oceanogr., vol. 3, n.º 3, p. 5-66, 12 figs., 1 mapa.

SAVIGNY, J. C. 1820. Système des annélides, principalement de celles des côtes de l'Egypte et de la Syrie. Hist. Nat., Paris, Panckouche, p. 325-472.

SCHMARDA, L. K. 1861. Neue wirbellose Thiere. Turbellarien, Rotatorien und Anneliden, vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 1-164. 100 figs., 22 ests.

ST. JOSEPH, A. 1906. Les annélides polychètes des côtes de France (océan et côtes de Provence). Annls Sci. nat., sér. 9, vol. 3, p. 145-260, est. 1-5.

TEBBLE N. 1952. On three species of the genus Ophelia (Polychaeta) from British and adjacent waters. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., ser. 12, vol. 5. p. 553-571, fig. 1-5.

______. 1953. A review of the genus Ophelia (Polychaeta) with descriptions of new species from South African and Californian waters. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., ser. 12, vol. 6, p. 361-368, 1 fig.

______. 1955. The polychaete fauna of the Gold Coast. Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist., Zool., vol. 3, n.º 2, p. 61-148, 30 figs.

TREADWELL , A. L. 1901. The polychaetous annelids of Porto Rico. Bull. U.S. Fish Commn, vol. 20, p. 181-210, 81 figs.

______. 1911. Polychaetous annelids from the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Bull. Am. Mus. nat. Hist., vol. 30, p. 1-12, 29 figs.

______. 1917. Polychaetous annelids from Florida, Porto Rico, Bermuda and the Bahamas. Publs Carnegie Instn Wash., n.º 251, p. 255-272, 3 ests.

______. 1921. Leodicidae of the West Indian region. Publs Carnegie Instn Wash., n.º 293, 131 p. 467 figs., 9 ests.

______. 1924. Polychaetous annelids collected by the Barbados-Antigua Expedition from the University of Iowa in 1918. Univ. Iowa Stud., vol. 10, n.º 4, p. 1-23, 2 ests.

______. 1929. Acoetes magnifica, a new species of polychaetous annelid from Montego Bay, Jamaica, British West Indies. Am. Mus. Novit., n.o 355, 4 p. 7 figs.

______. 1929a. New species of polychaetous annelids in the collections of the American Museum of Natural History, from Porto Rico, Florida, Lower California, and British Somaliland. Am. Mus. Novit., n.º 392, 13 p. 36 figs.

______. 1934. New polychaetous annelids. Smithson. misc. Collns, vol. 91, n.º 8, 9 p., 2 ests.

______. 1936. Polychaetous annelids from the vicinity of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda. Zoológica, N.Y., vol. 21, n.º 2. p. 49-68, 3 ests.

______. 1937. The Templeton Crocker Expedition. Polychaetous annelids from the west coast of Lower California, the Gulf of California and Clarion Island. Zoológica, N.Y., vol. 22, p. 139-160, 2 ests.

______. 1939. Polychaetous annelids of Porto Rico and vicinity. Scientific survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Acad. Sci., N. Y., vol. 16. n.º 2, p. 151-319, 118 figs.

WEBSTER, H.E. 1879. Annelida Chaetopoda of the Virginian coast. Trans. Albany Inst. N.Y. , vol. 9, p. 202-269, 11 ests.

______. 1884. Annelida from Bermuda. Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., n.º 25, p. 305-327, est. 7-12.

WESENBERG-LUND, E. 1962. Reports of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948-49. 43. Polychaeta Errantia. Lund Univ. Arsskr., N.F. Avd. 2, vol. 57, n.º 12, p. 1-199, fig. 1-49.

(Recebido em 8/6/1970)

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Datas de Publicação

  • Publicação nesta coleção
    12 Jun 2012
  • Data do Fascículo
    1970

Histórico

  • Recebido
    08 Jun 1970
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