Samples cited in the papers of Björnberg (1963, 1965) and some taken recently off Santos, Rio de Janeiro and Cabo Frio (Brazil) were restudied. The distribution of the several species of the genus Paracalanus (carassirostris, nanus, quasimodo, parvus s. str., indicus, aculeatus), of the genus Clausocalanus (furcatus, mastigophorus, pergens, ingens, paululus, parapergens and arcuicornis) were surveyed in Brazilian waters. Two new species Paracalanus campaneri and Delius sewelli were described. Two Ctenocalanus were found in Brazilian waters not corresponding to the description of Ctenocalanus citer. The distribution of these especies was compared off South America.