Abstract
The objective of this work was to identify the best dehydration temperature for the production of high quality acerola flour and to provide stability of the physicochemical parameters during storage. ‘Flor Branca’ acerolas were harvested at the red ripe stage in a commercial orchard in the São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, PE, Brazil. Fruits with or without seeds were dried at 60, 70 and 80°C in a forced air circulating oven. The dried fruits were then ground to obtain the flour, which was stored at room temperature in hermetically sealed polyethylene bags. The fresh fruit pulp was evaluated for its pH value, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), ascorbic acid (AA) and moisture contents. The acerola flour was analysed every 15 days for 75 days for pH, SS, AT, AA and colour. For all the drying temperatures, the pH and SS showed similar levels, ranging from 3.5 to 4.2 and 6.3 to 11.7, respectively. The TA increased during storage for all the drying temperatures, ranging from 5 to 10%. The AA losses were 76.2 and 80%, 23.9 and 55%, and 37.9 and 65% for flours obtained from fruits with and without seeds, dehydrated at 60, 70 and 80°C, respectively. According to the results, the best drying temperature was 70°C, which resulted in high flour quality and physicochemical stability during the 75 days of storage.
Keywords:
Fruits; Drying; Shelf life; Ascorbic acid