Ferreira, Camilo Moitinho; Coni, Ericka O. Cavalcanti; Medeiros, Diego V.; Sampaio, Cláudio L. S.; Reis-Filho, José Amorim; Barros, Francisco; Loiola, Miguel; Nunes, José de Anchieta Cintra da Costa

doi:10.1590/S1679-87592015074706304

Camilo Moitinho Ferreira

Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Instituto de Gestão, Estudos e Monitoramento Ambiental (IGEMA). Ecology & Environmental Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, SA 5005, Australia. (Av. das Baraúnas, 351 - Campus Universitário, CEP: 58109-753, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. Rua Eduardo Pinto, nº 49, CEP: 42835-000, Arembepe, Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil. Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, room 128b, Darling Building, DX 650 418).

Ericka O. Cavalcanti Coni

Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Instituto de Gestão, Estudos e Monitoramento Ambiental (IGEMA). Ecology & Environmental Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, SA 5005, Australia. (Av. das Baraúnas, 351 - Campus Universitário, CEP: 58109-753, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. Rua Eduardo Pinto, nº 49, CEP: 42835-000, Arembepe, Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil. Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, room 128b, Darling Building, DX 650 418).

Diego V. Medeiros

Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. (Rua da Mangueira, CEP: 58297-000 Rio Tinto, PB, Brazil).

Cláudio L. S. Sampaio

Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Polo Penedo, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca. Laboratório de Ictiologia e Conservação (LIC). (Av. Beira Rio s/nº, Centro Histórico, CEP: 57200-000, Penedo, Alagoas, Brazil).

José Amorim Reis-Filho

Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica (LEB), Universidade Federal da Bahia. Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Biomonitoramento, Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Educação, Ciência e Utilidade Sócio-Ambiental (ECUS). (Rua Barão de Geremoabo, s/n Ondina, CEP: 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Rio Vermelho, CEP: 41940-250, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil).

Francisco Barros

Universidade Federal da Bahia, Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica. (Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n Ondina, CEP: 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Rio Vermelho, CEP: 41940-250, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil).

Miguel Loiola

Laboratório de Estudos de Recifes de Corais e Mudanças Globais (RECOR), Universidade Federal da Bahia. (Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, CEP: 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Rio Vermelho, CEP: 41940-250, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil).

José de Anchieta Cintra da Costa Nunes ^** Corresponding author: anchietanunesba@gmail.com

Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica (LEB), Universidade Federal da Bahia. Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Biomonitoramento, Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Educação, Ciência e Utilidade Sócio-Ambiental (ECUS). (Rua Barão de Geremoabo, s/n Ondina, CEP: 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Rio Vermelho, CEP: 41940-250, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil).

* Corresponding author: anchietanunesba@gmail.com

Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Instituto de Gestão, Estudos e Monitoramento Ambiental (IGEMA). Ecology & Environmental Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, SA 5005, Australia. (Av. das Baraúnas, 351 - Campus Universitário, CEP: 58109-753, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. Rua Eduardo Pinto, nº 49, CEP: 42835-000, Arembepe, Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil. Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, room 128b, Darling Building, DX 650 418).

Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. (Rua da Mangueira, CEP: 58297-000 Rio Tinto, PB, Brazil).

Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Polo Penedo, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca. Laboratório de Ictiologia e Conservação (LIC). (Av. Beira Rio s/nº, Centro Histórico, CEP: 57200-000, Penedo, Alagoas, Brazil).

Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica (LEB), Universidade Federal da Bahia. Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Biomonitoramento, Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Educação, Ciência e Utilidade Sócio-Ambiental (ECUS). (Rua Barão de Geremoabo, s/n Ondina, CEP: 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Rio Vermelho, CEP: 41940-250, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil).

Universidade Federal da Bahia, Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica. (Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n Ondina, CEP: 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Rio Vermelho, CEP: 41940-250, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil).

Laboratório de Estudos de Recifes de Corais e Mudanças Globais (RECOR), Universidade Federal da Bahia. (Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, CEP: 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Rio Vermelho, CEP: 41940-250, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil).

Family	Species	Vitória	Marco Polo	Porto da Barra	Farol da Barra
MURAENIDAE	Gymnothorax vicinus(Castelnau. 1855)	0.001 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001	-
	Gymnothorax funebrisRanzani. 1840	0.001 ± 0.001	-	0.001 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001
	Gymnothorax moringa(Cuvier.1829)	0.001 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001	0.002 ± 0.001	-
OPHICHTHIDAE	Ahliasp.	-	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-
	Myrichthys breviceps(Richardson. 1848)	0.002 ± 0.001	-	0.002 ± 0.001	-
	Myrichthys ocellatus(Lesueur. 1825)	0.001 ± 0.001	-	0.002 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001
	Ophictis ophis(Linnaeus. 1758)	0.004 ± 0.004	0.001 ± 0.001	-	-
SYNODONTIDAE	Synodussp.	0.003 ± 0.002	0.001 ± 0.001	0.006 ± 0.003	-
OGCOCEPHALIDAE	Ogcocephalus vespertilio(Linnaeus. 1758)	0.001 ± 0.001	0.004 ± 0.002	-	-
HOLOCENTRIDAE	Holocentrus adscensionis(Osbeck. 1771)	0.003 ± 0.003	0.020 ± 0.009	0.011 ± 0.005	0.002 ± 0.002
HOLOCENTRIDAE	Myripristis jacobusCuvier. 1829	0.001 ± 0.001	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-
FISTULARIIDAE	Fistularia tabacariaLinnaeus. 1758	0.001 ± 0.001	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-
SCORPAENIDAE	Scorpaena plumieriBloch. 1789	-	0.001 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001
SCORPAENIDAE	Scorpaenodes caribbaeusMeek and Hildebrand.1928	0.003 ± 0.002	0.001 ± 0.001	-	0.001 ± 0.001
SERRANIDAE	Rypticus saponaceus(Bloch and Schneider. 1801)	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-	-
	Rypticus subbifrenatus(Gill. 1861)	-	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-
	Rypticus bistrispinus(Mitchill. 1818)	0.002 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001	0.005 ± 0.003	-
	Serranus baldwini(Evermann and Marsch. 1900)	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-	-
EPINEPHELIDAE	Cephalopholis fulva(Linnaeus. 1758)	0.016 ± 0.006	0.008 ± 0.004	0.007 ± 0.003	0.003 ± 0.002
EPINEPHELIDAE	Epinephelus adscensionis(Osbeck. 1765)	-	0.001 ± 0.001	0.002 ± 0.001	0.004 ± 0.002
APOGONIDAE	Apogonsp.	-	-	0.002 ± 0.002	-
CARANGIDAE	Caranx bartholomaei(Cuvier. 1833)	0.003 ± 0.003	-	-	0.001 ± 0.001
GERREIDAE	Eucinostomussp.	0.002 ± 0.001	0.002 ± 0.001	0.004 ± 0.003	0.008 ± 0.008
HAEMULIDAE	Anisotremus surinamensis(Bloch. 1791)	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-	-
	Anisotremus virginicus(Linnaeus. 1758)	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-	0.001 ± 0.001
	Haemulon aurolineatumCuvier. 1830	0.073 ± 0.068	0.046 ± 0.037	0.048 ± 0.047	-
	Haemulon parra(Desmarest. 1823)	0.006 ± 0.003	0.008 ± 0.007	0.038 ± 0.021	0.006±0.005
	Haemulon steindachneri(Jordan and Gilbert.1882)	0.024 ± 0.006	0.009 ± 0.006	0.003 ± 0.002	-
	Haemulon squamipinnaRocha and Rosa. 1999 ^* * species endemic to Brazil;	0.001 ± 0.001	-	-	0.001 ± 0.001
SCIAENIDAE	Odontoscion dentex(Cuvier. 1830)	-	-	0.008 ± 0.008	-
SCIAENIDAE	Pareques acuminatus(Bloch and Schneider.1801)	0.034 ± 0.031	0.002 ± 0.002	0.001 ± 0.001	0.002 ± 0.002
MULLIDAE	Mulloidichthys martinicus(Cuvier. 1829)	0.001 ± 0.001	-	-	-
MULLIDAE	Pseudupeneus maculatus(Bloch. 1793)	0.013 ± 0.006	0.029 ± 0.015	0.029 ± 0.013	0.042 ± 0.024
PEMPHERIDAE	Pempheris schomburgkiMüller and Troschel.1848	0.016 ± 0.016	-	0.063 ± 0.063	-
CHAETODONTIDAE	Chaetodon striatusLinnaeus. 1758	0.011 ± 0.004	0.009 ± 0.003	0.020 ± 0.006	0.010 ± 0.006
POMACANTHIDAE	Holocanthus tricolor(Bloch. 1795)	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-	-
POMACANTHIDAE	Pomacanthus paru(Bloch. 1787)	-	-	-	0.001 ± 0.001
KYPHOSIDAE	Kyphosussp.	0.004 ± 0.002	0.001 ± 0.001	0.006 ± 0.006	-
CIRRHITIDAE	Amblycirrhitus pinos(Mowbray. 1927)	0.002 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001	-	-
POMACENTRIDAE	Abudefduf saxatilis(Linnaeus. 1758)	0.019 ± 0.017	0.011 ± 0.008	0.019 ± 0.017	0.013 ± 0.010
	Chromis multilineata(Guichenot. 1853)	-	0.002 ± 0.001	0.036 ± 0.022	-
	Stegastes fuscus(Cuvier. 1830) ^* * species endemic to Brazil;	0.572 ± 0.077	0.285 ± 0.070	0.271 ± 0.022	0.393 ± 0.040
	Stegastes pictus(Castelnau. 1855) ^* * species endemic to Brazil;	0.003 ± 0.003	-	0.001 ± 0.001	0.003 ± 0.002
	Stegastes variabilis(Castelnau. 1855)	-	0.002 ± 0.001	0.007 ± 0.003	0.016 ± 0.006
LABRIDAE	Halichoeres brasiliensis(Bloch. 1791) ^* * species endemic to Brazil;	0.004 ± 0.002	0.001 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001	0.003 ± 0.002
	Halichoeres penrosei(Starks. 1913) ^* * species endemic to Brazil;	-	0.004 ± 0.002	0.023 ± 0.001	-
	Halichoeres poeyi(Steindachner. 1867)	0.020 ± 0.006	0.014 ± 0.006	0.014 ± 0.006	0.009 ± 0.004
	Thalassoma noronhanum(Boulenger. 1890) ^* * species endemic to Brazil;	-	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-
	Xyricthis novacula(Linnaeus. 1758)	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-	-
	Sparisoma amplum(Ranzani. 1842) ^* * species endemic to Brazil;	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-	0.002 ± 0.001
	Sparisoma axillare(Steindachner. 1878) ^* * species endemic to Brazil;	0.029 ± 0.014	0.027 ± 0.012	0.019 ± 0.008	0.018 ± 0.007
	Sparisoma frondosum(Agassiz. 1831) ^* * species endemic to Brazil;	0.003 ± 0.002	-	-	-
	Sparisomasp.	-	-	0.007 ± 0.006	0.024 ± 0.018
LABRISOMIDAE	Labrisomus cricota Sazima. Gasparini and Moura. 2002^* * species endemic to Brazil;	-	-	-	0.001 ± 0.001
	Labrisomus nuchipinnis(Quoy and Gaimard. 1824)	0.013 ± 0.004	0.007 ± 0.005	0.014 ± 0.004	0.038 ± 0.007
	Malacoctenussp. ^* * species endemic to Brazil;	0.016 ± 0.005	0.017 ± 0.005	0.028 ± 0.011	0.043 ± 0.013
CHAENOPSIDAE	Emblemariopsis signifera(Ginsburg. 1942)	0.006 ± 0.003	-	-	-
BLENNIIDAE	Entomacrodussp.	-	-	0.002 ± 0.002	0.001 ± 0.001
	Ophioblennius trinitatisMiranda-Ribeiro. 1919 ^* * species endemic to Brazil;	0.004 ± 0.003	0.043 ± 0.012	0.167 ± 0.023	0.159 ± 0.028
	Scartella cristata(Linnaeus. 1758)	0.006 ± 0.004	0.005 ± 0.003	0.008 ± 0.004	0.004 ± 0.002
	Parablenniussp.	0.004 ± 0.002	0.001 ± 0.001	0.003 ± 0.002	-
GOBIIDAE	Bathygobius soporator(Valenciennes. 1837)	-	-	-	0.001 ± 0.001
	Coryphopterussp.	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-	-
	Elacatinus figaroSazima. Moura and Rosa. 1996 ^* * species endemic to Brazil; ^# # endangered species.	-	0.006 ± 0.006	-	-
ACANTHURIDAE	Acanthurus bahianusCastelnau. 1855	0.066 ± 0.037	0.023 ± 0.009	0.082 ± 0.019	0.019 ± 0.008
	Acanthurus chirurgus(Bloch. 1787)	0.083 ± 0.083	0.011 ± 0.010	0.005 ± 0.004	0.016 ± 0.011
	Acanthurus coeruleusBloch and Schneider. 1801	0.001 ± 0.001	0.004 ± 0.003	0.003 ± 0.002	-
SPHYRAENIDAE	Sphyraena barracuda(Walbaum. 1792)	-	-	0.002 ± 0.002	-
BOTHIDAE	Bothus ocellatus(Agassiz. 1831)	0.003 ± 0.002	0.001 ± 0.001	0.002 ± 0.001	-
MONACANTHIDAE	Cantherhines pullus(Ranzani. 1842)	0.002 ± 0.001	0.005 ± 0.003	0.005 ± 0.002	0.002 ± 0.001
OSTRACIIDAE	Acanthostracion polygoniusPoey. 1876	0.001 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001	0.001 ± 0.001	-
TETRAODONTIDAE	Canthigaster figueiredoiMoura and Castro. 2002 ^* * species endemic to Brazil;	-	0.003 ± 0.002	-	-
	Sphoeroides greeleyiGilbert. 1900	0.004 ± 0.003	-	-	0.007 ± 0.006
	Sphoeroides spengleri(Bloch. 1785)	0.011 ± 0.005	0.025 ± 0.012	0.017 ± 0.005	0.023 ± 0.006
DIODONTIDAE	Chilomycterus spinosus(Linnaeus. 1758)	-	0.001 ± 0.001	-	-

	Global R	Significance level
Fish assemblage
PB, MP	0.13	0.002
PB, CV	0.472	0.0001
PB, FB	0.158	0.0004
MP, CV	0.133	0.008
MP, FB	0.109	0.009
CV, FB	0.246	0.0001
Benthic cover
PB, MP	0.144	0.004
PB, CV	0.845	0.0001
PB, FB	0.187	0.005
MP, CV	0.76	0.0001
MP, FB	0.251	0.0004
CV, FB	0.847	0.0001

	PB	MP	CV	FB	F statistic	p	SNK
Roughness	1.34 ± 0.22	1.34 ± 0.28	1.29 ± 0.16	1.21 ± 0.12	1.49	0.22	-
Depth	2.2 ± 0.79	3.34 ± 2	2.57 ± 0.94	1.7 ± 0.36	5.41	0.002	MP > CV ≈ PB > FB
Turf algae	34.75 ± 15.68	41.62 ± 23.75	-	37.21 ± 14.84	22.7	0.000	MP > PB ≈ FB > CV
Ascidians	4.15 ± 4.63	4.56 ± 6.30	2.06 ± 2.93	-	4.06	0.011	PB ≈ MP > CV ≈ FB
Crustose algae	7.46 ± 8.46	3.73 ± 5.69	5.81 ± 7.13	12.26 ± 6.96	4.15	0.01	FB > PB ≈ MP ≈ CV
Sand	18.71 ± 11.47	8.53 ± 23.08	4.58 ± 11.92	8.94 ± 13.43	2.34	0.082	-
Soft coral	8.1 ± 12.15	5.4 ± 23.08	5.20 ± 11.92	-	1.98	0.12	-
Equinoderms	6.43 ± 11.01	4.56 ± 11.19	5.83 ± 11.19	7.88 ± 6.64	0.6	0.61	-
Zoanthids	9.13 ± 11.88	6.02 ± 10.03	10.82 ± 13.84	23.71 ± 17.38	5.27	0.003	FB > PB ≈ MP ≈ CV
Sponges	1.03 ± 1.58	1.03 ± 2.32	4.57 ± 6.43	9.98 ± 15.31	4.3	0.008	CV > PB ≈ MP ≈ FB
Macro algae	12.47 ± 13.12	10.82 ± 4.53	3.74 ± 8.60	0.61 ± 1.30	4.3	0.008	CV > PB ≈ MP ≈ FB
Coral	3.31 ± 6.08	7.47 ± 7.82	3.73 ± 4.01	1.03 ± 2.32	3.81	0.014	MP > PB ≈ CV ≈ FB
Rocks	2.07 ± 4.18	7.69 ± 15.28	9.35 ± 12.94	1.24 ± 3.41	2.42	0.74	-
Barnacles	-	5.82 ± 12.78	0.20 ± 0.83	-	3.23	0.028	MP > PB ≈ CV ≈ FB

[1] * Corresponding author: anchietanunesba@gmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Community structure of shallow rocky shore fish in a tropical bay of the southwestern Atlantic

Resumo