Evaluation of the ability of an experimental model to
                    induce bacterial rhinosinusitis in rabbits

Dolci, Eduardo Landini Lutaif; Campos, Carlos Augusto Correia de; Silva, Leonardo da; Dolci, Ricardo Landini Lutaif; Dolci, José Eduardo Lutaif

doi:10.1016/j.bjorl.2014.09.001

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Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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Original Articles • Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. 80 (6) • Nov-Dec 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2014.09.001 copy

Evaluation of the ability of an experimental model to induce bacterial rhinosinusitis in rabbits^☆ ☆ Please cite this article as: Dolci EL, de Campos CA, da Silva L, Dolci RL, Dolci JE. Evaluation of the ability of an experimental model to induce bacterial rhinosinusitis in rabbits. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2014;80:480–9. ,^☆ ☆ Institution: Irmandade da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Introduction:

For decades, animals have been used in sinonasal experimental models, and the practice has increased substantially in the last few years. This study aimed to assess the pathogenesis of infectious process and medication efficiency to treat rhinosinusitis.

Objective:

To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed experimental model to induce an acute bacterial sinonasal infectious process through histological analysis and sinus secretion cultures.

Methods:

This was an experimental study with 22 New Zealand rabbits, divided into: group A (six rabbits), group B (seven rabbits), group C (seven rabbits), and group D (control group with two rabbits). Rhinosinusitis was induced by the insertion of a synthetic sponge into the right nasal cavity of 20 animals (study groups), followed by the instillation of bacterial strains (50% Staphylococcus sp. and 50% Streptococcus sp.). The groups were euthanized within 10 days (group A), 17 days (group B), and 30 days (groups C and D).

Results:

All the rabbits of the study group developed acute bacterial rhinosinusitis, which was diagnosed through macroscopic evaluation, histological analysis, and sinus secretion culture.

Conclusion:

The proposed model is technically simple to perform, it is similar to the rhinogenic model in human beings, and it is highly efficient to reproduce an acute bacterial sinus infection.

Sinusitis; Animal models; Rabbits

Group	Rabbits (n)	Euthanization (day)	Nasal packing removal (day)
A	6	10	10
B	7	17	10
C	7	30	10
D	2	30

Variable		Frequency	%
Bacterial group right side
	Negative	2	7.4
	Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli	5	18.5
	Enterobacter, Gram-negative bacilli	4	14.8
	Gram-positive Bacilli	12	44.4
	Gram-positive Coccus	4	14.8
	Total	27	100
Bacterial group right side
	Negative	6	27.3
	Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli	9	40.9
	Enterobacter, Gram-negative bacilli	1	4.5
	Gram-positive Bacilli	5	22.7
	Gram-positive Coccus	1	4.5
	Total	22	100

Variable		Groups						Total		p
		A		B		C		Total
		n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Right swab										0.468
	Negative	0	0.0	1	14.3	1	14.3	2	10.0
	Positive	6	100.0	6	85.7	6	85.7	18	90.0
Left swab										0.039
	Negative	0	0.0	2	28.6	4	57.1	6	30.0
	Positive	6	100.0	5	71.4	3	42.9	14	70.0
Total		6	100	7	100	7	100	20	100

Variable		Groups						Total		p
		A		B		C		Total
		n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Right fibrous-connective proliferation										0.420
	Absent	3	50.0	4	57.1	2	28.6	9	45.0
	Present	3	50.0	3	42.9	4	57.1	10	50.0
	Very present	0	0.0	0	0.0	1	14.3	1	5.0
Left fibrous-connective proliferation										0.786
	Absent	5	83.3	5	71.4	6	85.7	16	80.0
	Present	1	16.7	2	28.6	1	14.3	4	20.0
Degree of inflammation right side										0.009
	0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
	1	0	0.0	1	14.3	2	28.6	3	15.0
	2	1	16.7	3	42.9	5	71.4	9	45.0
	3	2	33.3	3	42.9	0	0.0	5	25.0
	4	3	50.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	3	15.0
Degree of inflammation left side										0.267
	0	1	16.7	4	57.1	4	57.1	9	45.0
	1	5	83.3	3	42.9	3	42.9	11	55.0
Total		6	100	7	100	7	100	20	100

Comparison	Z-value	p
A – B	1.82	0.069
A – C	3.05	0.002
B – C	1.28	0.200

Variable		Groups						Total		p
		A		B		C		Total
		n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Hemobac^® concordance with right swab										0.171
	Different bacteria	4	66.7	7	100.0	6	85.7	17	85.0
	Same bacteria	2	33.3	0	0.0	1	14.3	3	15.0
Total		6	100	7	100	7	100	20	100

Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial. Sede da Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico Facial, Av. Indianópolia, 1287, 04063-002 São Paulo/SP Brasil, Tel.: (0xx11) 5053-7500, Fax: (0xx11) 5053-7512 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revista@aborlccf.org.br

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[1] * Corresponding author. E-mail: eduardodolci@hotmail.com (E.L.L. Dolci).