Policies of Space and the Space of Politics: The “Negotiated Expansion” of the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Area<sup>1</sup>

Faria, Carlos Aurélio Pimenta de; Machado, Gustavo Gomes

doi:10.1590/1981-3891201100020005

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Brazilian Political Science Review

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Article • Bras. Political Sci. Rev. 5 (2) • 2011 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-3891201100020005 copy

Policies of Space and the Space of Politics: The “Negotiated Expansion” of the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Area¹

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The aim of this article is to analyse the process of expansion of the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Area, created in 1973 with 14 municipalities, which today comprises 34 municipalities, making it the second largest MA in Brazil. After the redemocratization, more specifically after the promulgation of the State Constitutions in the late 1980s, several new metropolitan areas were created in the country, and all nine MAs instituted in the early 1970s increased their number of member municipalities, in a context of low prioritization of the MAs by the federal government. The article highlights the factors of a legal, institutional, symbolic and political/electoral nature that explain the expansion of the BHMA, also very present in other regions. It underscores the impact of the model of metropolitan management adopted after the 1989 State Constitution on the capacity to produce cooperative action in the metropolitan sphere. It also analyses the manner in which the dilemma of collective action for the management of the MAs in the state of Minas Gerais was sought to be overcome, by means of adopting a new institutional model, in the mid-2000s.

Keywords:
Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Area; Metropolitan management; Constitution of the state of Minas Gerais; Federalism; Intergovernmental relations

First-generation metropolitan areas	Number of municipalities incorporated in 1973	Non-metropolitan municipalities incorporated in 1973	% Non-metropolitan municipalities incorporated in 1973
Belém	2	0	0.0%
Belo Horizonte	14	1	7.1%
Curitiba	14	4	2.6%
Fortaleza	6^* * The municipalities of Maracanaú, from the Fortaleza Metropolitan Area, and Dias D’Ávila, from the Salvador Metropolitan Area, were included in 1986. /	2	33.3%
Porto Alegre	14	0	0.0%
Recife	9	0	0.0%
Rio de Janeiro^ The Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area was created in 1974, after the fusion of the state of Rio de Janeiro with the state of Guanabara. /	10	0	0.0%
Salvador	9^* * The municipalities of Maracanaú, from the Fortaleza Metropolitan Area, and Dias D’Ávila, from the Salvador Metropolitan Area, were included in 1986. /	2	22.2%
São Paulo^* ***** The Vargem Grande Paulista municipality was incorporated into the São Paulo Metropolitan Area in 1983.	38	4	10.5%
Total	116	13	11.2%

	State	Metropolitan area	No of municipalities	RM's year of implementation
1	Alagoas	Maceió	11	1998
2	Amapá	Macapá	2	2003
3	Amazonas	Manaus	8	2007
4	Espírito Santo	Grande Vitória	7	1995
5	Goiás	Goiânia	13	1999
6	Maranhão	Grande São Luís	6	1998
7	Maranhão	Sudeste Maranhense	8	2005
8	Minas Gerais	Vale do Aço	26	1998
9	Paraíba	João Pessoa	9	2003
10	Paraná	Londrina	8	1998
11	Paraná	Maringá	13	1998
12	Rio Grande do Norte	Natal	9	1997
13	São Paulo	Baixada Santista	9	1996
14	São Paulo	Campinas	19	2000
15	Sergipe	Aracaju	4	1995
	Total		152

First-generation metropolitan areas	Total number of municipalities incorporated into the MA from 1989	Non-metropolitan municipalities incorporated from 1989	% Non-metropolitan municipalities incorporated from 1989	Total number of municipalities today
1. Belém	3	1	33.3%	5
2. Belo Horizonte	20	10	50.0%	34
3. Curitiba	12	8	66.7%	26
4. Fortaleza	7	3	42.9%	13
5. Porto Alegre	17	5	29.4%	31
6. Recife	5	1	20.0%	14
7. Rio de Janeiro	6	0	0.0%	16
8. Salvador	1	0	0.0%	10
9. São Paulo	1	0	0.0%	39
Total	72	28	38.9%	188

(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)
Municipalities of the BHMA	Integration into the cluster dynamic	Year of integration into the BHMA	Resident population in 2000	Distance from the capital (Km)	Area (Km2)	Population density (2000) (inhabitants/km2)
Belo Horizonte	Pole	1973	2,238,526	0	331.9	6718
Contagem	Very High	1973	538,017	16	195.2	2748
Ibirité	Very High	1973	133,044	25	73.3	1812.3
Ribeirão das Neves	Very High	1973	246,846	15	154.6	1595
Santa Luzia	Very High	1973	184,903	12	234.4	788.1
Vespasiano	Very High	1973	76,422	14	70.3	1085.7
Betim	Very High	1973	306,675	30	346.8	875.4
Sabará	High	1973	115,352	17	304.4	376.3
Caeté	Average	1973	36,299	31	542.7	66.8
Lagoa Santa	Average	1973	37,872	22	232.7	162.3
Nova Lima	Average	1973	64,387	22	429.7	149.6
Pedro Leopoldo	Average	1973	53,957	24	291.9	184.4
Raposos	Average	1973	14,289	23	72	198.2
Rio Acima	Low	1973	7,658	35	228.7	33.5
Esmeraldas	High	1989	47,090	38	912.3	50.2
Igarapé	Average	1989	24,838	46	110.3	220
Brumadinho	Low	1989	26,614	44	634.3	41.9
Mateus Leme	Low	1989	24,144	53	303.4	79.5
São José da Lapa^* *()** Municipalities emancipated from others that belonged to the BHMA.	High	1993	15,000	13	48.8	307.6
Juatuba^* *()** Municipalities emancipated from others that belonged to the BHMA.	Average	1993	16,389	43	97.1	162.3
Sarzedo^* *()** Municipalities emancipated from others that belonged to the BHMA.	High	1997	17,274	31	62.1	277.6
Mário Campos^* *()** Municipalities emancipated from others that belonged to the BHMA.	High	1997	10,535	36	35.3	298.2
Confins^* *()** Municipalities emancipated from others that belonged to the BHMA.	High	1997	4,880	21	42.1	113.9
S. Joaquim de Bicas^* *()** Municipalities emancipated from others that belonged to the BHMA.	Average	1997	18,152	42	72.7	249.7
Florestal	Very Low	1997	5,647	51	194.9	28.9
Rio Manso	Very Low	1997	4,646	62	232.8	19.9
Matozinhos	Average	1999	30,164	32	253.6	118.6
Capim Branco	Average	1999	7,900	34	94.5	83.4
Itaguara	Low	1999	11,302	85	411.9	27.4
Nova União	Very Low	1999	5,427	42	172	31.6
Baldim	Very Low	1999	8,155	59	556.7	14.6
Jaboticatubas	Very Low	2000	13,530	40	1117.1	12.1
Taquaraçu de Minas	Very Low	2000	3,491	33	330.3	10.6
Itatiaiuçu	Low	2002	8,517	64	295.9	28.8

Associação Brasileira de Ciência Política Avenida Prof. Luciano Gualberto, 315, sala 2047, CEP 05508-900, Tel.: (55 11) 3091-3754 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: bpsr@brazilianpoliticalsciencareview.org

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[TFN1] ^*
The municipalities of Maracanaú, from the Fortaleza Metropolitan Area, and Dias D’Ávila, from the Salvador Metropolitan Area, were included in 1986. /

[TFN2] ^**
The Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area was created in 1974, after the fusion of the state of Rio de Janeiro with the state of Guanabara. /

[TFN3] ^***
The Vargem Grande Paulista municipality was incorporated into the São Paulo Metropolitan Area in 1983.

Brasil

Brasil

Policies of Space and the Space of Politics: The “Negotiated Expansion” of the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Area1

Policies of Space and the Space of Politics: The “Negotiated Expansion” of the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Area¹