Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

A extração do manganês e suas formas de ocorrência em alguns solos do estado de São Paulo

This paper reports a study concerning the extraction of manganese from several soil types of the State of S. Paulo with different solutions. The soils studied were : 3 samples of a soil type originated from gneiss, granites, shales etc. ; 3 samples of a soil type derived from basalts, and 2 samples of a soil type whose original material came from a sandstone. Manganese was extracted by percolating 10 g of soil with 100 or 200 ml of the following solutions : normal solution of ammonium acetate, pH = 7.00 ; normal and one half normal solution of potassium nitrate ; normal and one half normal solution of sodium nitrate ; normal solution of magnesium acetate ; normal solution of calcium nitrate ; normal solution, of ammonium acetate with 0.4% of hydroquinone, pH = 7.00; 0.01, 0.05 and 0.2 normal solutions of nitric acid. Also, a less soluble form of maganese was extracted by treating 1 g of soil with H2SO4 and HNO3. Magnesium and calcium ions were more effective than sodium potassium and ammonium in extracting soil manganese. Normal sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate solutions extracted a little less manganese than normal ammonium acetate solution, pH = 7.00. The neutral solution of ammonium acetate plus 0.4% of hydroquinone, and the 0.01, 0.05 and 0.2 normal solutions of nitric acid extracted large amounts of manganese showing that manganese occurs in several forms in the studied soils. From all indications it is admited that manganese occurs as divalent, tetravalent and probably, in other stages between those valences. In spite of the fact that it was difficult to determine the exchangeable manganese, it is assumed that the normal sodium nitrate solution was one of the best for extracting that content and for analytical purposes. From all the data there are indications that the soils studied are quite well supplied with manganese.


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