Twenty-three durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) inbred lines and two bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) cultivars were evaluated in sixteen trials carried out under sprinkler irrigation and in upland conditions, taking into account the grain yield, yield components and disease resistance. The durum wheat lines L3 (Gallareta"S"), L4 (Yavaros "S"), L12 [CI 14955 x (Yavaros "S" x Gediz "S")] x Tropic Bird and L19 {{[61150 x Leeds) x Gallo "S"}x Garza "S"} x Mexicali "S"} x S15 presented resistance to stem and leaf rusts, susceptibility to powdery mildew and leaf spot, short stature (with exception of line L12), earliness, and good grain yield not differing from the bread wheat cultivars IAC-60 and IAC-24, that are today the most cultivated in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The line L22 (Sacaba-81) showed at the same time immunity to the causal agents of stem and leaf rusts and moderate resistance to the causal agent of powdery mildew. All genotypes were susceptible to the causal agents of leaf spoting diseases. The line L3, showed to be a good genetic source to increase the number of grains per spike and per spikelet; the cultivars IAC-60 and IAC-24 revealed long heads and large number of spikelets per spike; and the lines L14 (Gediz"S" x Cocorit-71) and L19 were considered good for heavy grains.
bread wheat; Triticum aestivum L.; durum wheat; T durum L.; cultivars; inbred lines; grain yield; disease resistance; agronomic characteristics