| Yüksel et al.99 Yüksel M, Ayas S, Cabioglu MT, Yulmaz D, Cabioglu C. Quantitative data for transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and acupuncture effectiveness in treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019;96(8):46-9.
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1 |
RCT |
To evaluate the effects of acupuncture and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on the quantitative evaluation of alterations in electroencephalography (qEEG) and to evaluate its therapeutic effects in patients with FM. |
n=42 patients with FM (n=21 for TENS and n=21 for acupuncture) and n=21 healthy patients |
Application of TENS and acupuncture seems to be beneficial for FM patients. |
| Harris et al.1010 Harris RE, Zubieta JK, Scott DJ, Napadow V, Gracely RH, Clauw DJ. Traditional Chinese acupuncture and placebo (sham) acupuncture is differentiated by their effects on mu-opioid receptors (MORs). Neuroimage. 2009;47(3):1077-85.
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1 |
RCT |
To compare the short and long term effects of traditional chinese acupuncture (TCA) treatment versus false acupuncture (FA) treatment. |
n=20 patients with FM |
Acupuncture evoked short-term increases in the binding potential to MOR, in several regions of pain and sensory processing, including the cincture (dorsal and subgenital), insula, caudate nucleus, thalamus and amygdala. It also evoked in long term the binding potential to MOR in some of the same structures, including the cingulate (dorsal and perigenual), caudate and amygdala. The short and long term effects were absent in the false group, in which small reductions were observed, an effect more consistent with previous studies with placebo PET. Long-term increases in the MOR BP after TCA were also associated with greater reductions in clinical pain. |
| Vas et al.1111 Vas J, Santos-Rey K, Navarro-Pablo R, Modesto M, Aguilar I, Campos MA, et al. Acupuncture for fibromyalgia in primary care: a randomised controlled trial. Acupunct Med. 2016;34(4):257-66.
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1 |
RCT |
To evaluate the effectiveness of an individualized acupuncture protocol for patients with FM. |
n=164 patients with FM |
Individualized acupuncture treatment in patients with primary care FM has shown to be effective in relieving pain compared to placebo. The effect persisted for one year, and the adverse effects were mild and infrequent. The use of individualized acupuncture in patients with FM is recommended. |
| Ugurlu et al.1212 Ugurlu FG, Sezer N, Aktekin L, Fidan F, Tok F, Akkus S. The effects of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture in the treatment of fibromyalgia: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Acta Reumatol Port. 2017;42(1):32-7.
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1 |
RCT |
To determine and compare the effectiveness of real acupuncture with false acupuncture in the FM treatment. |
n=50 female patients with FM |
Acupuncture significantly improved the pain and symptoms of FM. Although the simulated effect is important, the actual treatment with acupuncture seems to be effective in treating FM. |
| Stival et al.1313 Stival RSM, Cavalheiro PR, Stasiak CES, Galdino DT, Hoekstra BE, Schafranski MD, Acupuntura na fibromialgia: um estudo randomizado controlado abordando a resposta imediata da dor. Rev Bras Reumatol. 2014;54(6):431-6.
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1 |
RCT |
To evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of FM, considering the immediate response of the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain assessment as the primary outcome. |
n=36 patients with FM |
Acupuncture, carried out in the molds of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), results in immediate pain reduction in patients with FM when compared to simulated acupuncture. |
| Zucker et al. 1414 Zucker NA, Tsodikov A, Mist SD, Cina S, Napadow V, Harris RE. Evoked pressure pain sensitivity is associated with differential analgesic response to verum and sham acupuncture in fibromyalgia. Pain Med. 2017;18(8):1582-92.
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1 |
RCT |
To verify if sensitivity to pressure pain would result in a different classification of treatment response to verum and simulated acupuncture in FM patients. |
n=114 (59 verum and 55 sham/simulated) |
The effectiveness of acupuncture in FM may be underestimated and a more personalized treatment for FM may also be possible. |
| Karatay et al.15
|
1 |
RCT |
To evaluate the effects of acupuncture treatment on the serotonin and P substance (PS) serum levels, as well as on clinical parameters in patients with FM. |
n=75 females randomized in three groups: real acupuncture (AcG), simulated acupuncture (ShG) and simulated acupuncture (SiG) |
Acupuncture, unlike simulated or placebo acupuncture, can improve long-term clinical outcomes and pain neuromediator values. Changes in serotonin serum and PS levels may explain the mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of FM. |
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