This paper aims to contribute to the discussion on the issue of science in history teaching. It advocates that school learning may be characterized as a scientific initiation focusing on the different logical bases of the construction of scientific knowledge. The text first observes that both teachers and students feel how difficult it is to define any knowledge as scientific. It then attempts to characterize the different models of science, discussing how the scientific historical knowledge relies on many explicative logics. The discussion allows characterizing how the academical discipline knowledge is reconfigured in the context of school, enabling the possibility of exploring the scientific diversity at school.
Historical teaching; Scientific knowledge; Scientific diversity