The working time of refractory castables is mainly determined by the hydration kinetic of the hydraulic binder. It has been observed that the gelation/hydration process of this material in aqueous solutions is significantly influenced by the addition of dispersing additives. Hence, this work investigated the correlation between the working time of ULC refractory castables in the Al2O3-SiC-SiO2-C system and the physic-chemical characteristics of cement aqueous suspensions in the presence of different sort of additives. The influence of these additives in the cement hydration process was studied by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, sedimentation experiments, electrical conductivity and rheological tests. The initial setting of castables was found to be associated to particle coagulation and the development of an amorphous colloidal product (gel), that gives rise to a stiff gel-like structure. Sodium citrate favored the development of a significant content of such "gel" among particles, decreasing the castable working time.
cement; hydration; rheology; additives; castable
