This paper evaluates the incorporation of textile waste in clay matrices for the production of ceramic blocks with no structural function through the solidification/stabilization (s/s) process. Initially, the characterization of the textile waste and clay, used as matrices for the production of the ceramic blocks, was carried out. The chemical composition of textile waste varies and contains Al, Fe, Mn, Na, Pb, Cu, Zn and Cr, from the textile process and the treatment of sewage generated in the process. The waste was classified as a not-dangerous and not-inert residue. Afterwards, blocks with compositions 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% of textile waste were prepared. The mixture was made proportional with a percentage of dry mass. For comparative analysis of the chemical characteristics of these blocks incorporated with textile waste, were produced ceramic blocks only with clay. The experimental results indicated that concentrations of analyzed metals in both leached and solubilized extracts from ceramic blocks with incorporation of textile waste were below the limits set by a ABNT standard for solid residue. They can then be classified as non-hazardous and inert, offering no risk of future contamination of soil during their lifetime, as well as when disposed in landfill after their use. Experimental results related to the brick compressive strength showed that all the proportions of incorporation met the requirements an ABNT standard. Results also showed that, with up to 20% of textile waste added to the bricks, water absorption met the requirements of the ABNT standard. Thus, the s/s process was able to effectively immobilize the metals present in the textile waste into the ceramic blocks.
clay; ceramic blocks; textile waste; solidification
